Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Karthikeyan Sundaram, Sridhar Rathinam
…agent is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacillus. Drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a global challenge, with specific mycobacterial genes intricately associated with drug resistance. Numerous factors are implicated in the etiology of the condition. This review specifica…
Manya Jain, Rajan Vyas
…uberculosis (TB) cases accompanied by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of(emphasizes the critical requirement for novel potent drugs. Thedemonstrates extraordinary adaptability, thriving in diverse conditions, and always find…
Mahesh T. Chhabria, Divya Teli
… (TB) remains a global health threat, with the emergence of drug-resistant strains posing significant challenges to traditional treatment approaches. This necessitates continuous innovation and the development of novel strategies in TB drug discovery. This chapter explores the la…
Carlos Acuña-Villaorduña, Anna Vassall, Germán Henostroza, Carlos Seas, Humberto Guerra, et al.
Background: Resistance to commonly used anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs is emerging worldwide. Conventional drug susceptibility tests (DST) are slow and demanding. Alternative, rapid DST methods would permit the early detection of drug resistance and in turn arrest TB transmission. …
Tao Shi, Tongxin Li, Xuewu Xing
…ients who have EPTB infection from the onset. Additionally, drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (DR-MTB) is a bigger threat to human health. Drug-resistant extra-pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (DR-EPTB) also affects some patients who have never been diagnosed with PTB…
Emily Lai-Ho MacLean, Kyung Hyun Oh, Kalpeshsinh Rahevar, Carl-Michael Nathanson, Alexei Korobitsyn, et al.
…roscopy persists in most countries' remote areas. Regarding drug susceptibility testing, both molecular and phenotypic methods are employed. Testing for first-line TB drug resistance is generally available, but currently, testing capacity for new and re-purposed drugs remains lim…
Seyedeh Mahnaz Karimi
…mmunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics, and the emergence of drug resistance. In spite of various modern treatments, some reasons like total cost, efficacy, safety, and drug resistance have caused a global willingness towards natural remedies. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is…
Inayati Inayati, Qori’atul Putri Nurmala, Hasto Nugroho
Multidrugs Resistant-Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) caused by drugs resistant at least Isoniazid and Rifampicin Mycobacterium tuberculosis affects tuberculosis cases eradication efforts in the world.In 2014, 153 countries had reported MDR TB cases.MDR-TB can be caused by irregularity in t…
Kassahun Dires Ayenew, Habtemariam Alekaw Habteweld, Abate Wondesen Tsige, Yihenew Sewale Bizu
**BACKGROUND:** Due to its resistance to common anti-TB drugs, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) presents substantial treatment problems. Optimizing therapeutic outcomes requires individualized treatment plans that take into account patient comorbidities, medication susce…
Vaishali N. Pardeshi, Tushar Lokhande, Khemchand R. Surana, Ashwini Shelke, Yogita B. Thombare
… issue across the world, especially with the advent of multidrug-resistant TB. The incapacity of humans to manage this illness derives from the fact that formerly successful TB vaccinations and treatments are no longer effective. As a result, researchers are looking for novel ant…
Alicia M Gutiérrez-Mauricio, Juan Valentín Trujillo-Paez, Luis Alberto Trejo-Martinez, Bruno Rivas-Santiago, Paola Pérez-García, et al.
…s is further exacerbated by the worldwide emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Mtb. Thus, effective methods of diagnosis, prophylaxis, and new pharmacological therapies must be carried out in order to control this disease. Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are synthetic antibiotics wi…
Shivani Pralhad Amingad, Sushruta S Hakkimane
… are gradually proving to be ineffective due to the rise in drug-resistant strains, adverse side effects, poor drug penetration and lack of new drug development. As a result, there is an urgent need for new anti-tubercular compounds, which can address these issues. Exploring natu…
Lyn-Marié Birkholtz, Tiaan Olivier, Tyrick Welcome, Erick Strauss
…small-molecule therapeutics. These include diversifying the druggable proteome by targeting previously 'undruggable' non-enzymatic and structural proteins, lowering the effective therapeutic concentration, enabling lower drug concentrations, and delaying resistance development. R…
Jock McCulloch, Pavla Miller
…ment of mass miniature radiography and the discovery of new drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis radically changed the available technologies of care. In discussing international standards of compensation for occupational lung disease, ILO held that the worker’s history of dus…
Anna Starshinova, Ekaterina Belyaeva, Olga Irtyuga, Giunai Sefiyeva, Lubov Mitrofanova, et al.
…ostpartum period, for the benefit of both mother and child. Drug-drug interactions play a significant role in tuberculosis management, both among anti-tuberculosis agents and with medications for comorbid conditions. Current knowledge of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics …
Reem Abou Assi, Antonia Morita Iswari Saktiawati, Isil Aksan Kurnaz, Devina Lobine, Godwin Anywar, et al.
…se, with progress in global control complicated by emerging drug resistance, limited access to new therapies, and persistent health disparities. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of traditional and innovative strategies to combat TB, spanning ethnobotanical and folk …
Mange Ram Yadav, Dushyant V. Patel, Divya Teli, Hiral Shah
…lth challenge, involving therapeutic implications for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Bedaquiline (BDQ), formerly known as TMC207 or R207910, belongs to a class of diarylquinolines (DARQ) that has shown promising therapeutic potential against Mycobacterium tuberculosi…
Binh Nguyen, Greg J. Fox, Paul H. Mason, Justin T. Denholm
Abstract Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has a substantial impact on individuals and communities globally, including lengthy, expensive and burdensome therapy with high rates of treatment failure and death. Strategies to prevent disease are well established for those wh…
Lotte W Nijman, Simona M Cristescu, Robert S Jansen
…essential for effective treatment and reduction of emerging drug resistance. However, current diagnostic methods are limited by lengthy procedures, invasive sampling or low sensitivity. Especially in the case of HIV co-infection, pediatric patients, EPTB and drug-resistant TB, ob…
Parissa Farnia, Ali Akbar Velayati, Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia
…of the bacterium's biology, pathogenesis, and mechanisms of drug resistance. Recent technological advances have refined genome annotations by identifying novel protein-coding regions and improving existing gene models. Utilizing diverse fractionation techniques combined with mass…
Salah Al Awaidy, Faryal Khamis, Sami Al Mujeini, Jameela Al Salman, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
…s trends in TB incidence, mortality, treatment success, and drug resistance across GCC countries. **RESULTS:** Kuwait had the most significant drop in TB infections since 2015, with a reduction of 57%, followed by Qatar at 40% and Saudi Arabia at 31%. Oman, however, recorded a 2…
Tushar Garg
Abstract Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a major issue in global health, prompting concerns from multilateral agencies and donor organizations about the ability of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to effectively treat patients with this disease as a result of poo…
Andrew D Kerkhoff, Jason Zucker, Diane V Havlir
… disseminated tuberculosis (TB) and among those treated for drug-resistant TB represents a major clinical challenge. Intensified TB treatment in one trial and adjunctive prednisone in another failed to reduce mortality in hospitalized people with HIV with disseminated TB. In addi…
Elizabeth JeyaVardhini Samuel
… prevalence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), drug resistant tuberculosis, lung cancer. Consequently, COPD is associated with a significant economic burden, including hospitalization, work absence, and disability. Objectives: Altruitic association between contracept…
Ruchi Nair, Pooja Thakur, Hitesh D. Patel
Tuberculosis (TB) management and the prevention of drug-resistant strains rely heavily on timely detection and efficient treatment. Conventional diagnostic methods, while accurate, frequently require expensive laboratory equipment and can take several weeks, emphasizing the criti…