Showing 101–125 of 200 documents
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National Heart and Lung Institute
…phy, and prevalence of TB and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection over an 18-month period. Second, the investigators will utilize an ongoing community-based TB screening program to perform a cross-sectional survey of TB prevalence among miners and community members. To a…
Aung Aung
…nfection is a common comorbidity among patients with MDR-TB/HIV and contributes to acute and chronic liver conditions, potentially increasing the risk of hepatotoxicity and adverse treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between HCV co-infection …
Gavin Churchyard, MBBCh MMed FRCP FCP(SA) PhD, Amita Gupta, MD, MHS, Anneke Hesseling, MD, PhD, Susan Swindells, MBBS
…losis (MDR-TB) (index cases). High-risk HHCs are those with HIV or non-HIV immunosuppression, latent TB infection, and young children below the age of 5 years. This study will compare the efficacy and safety of 26 weeks of delamanid (DLM) versus 26 weeks of isoniazid (INH) for p…
Opeoluwa Oyedele, Paulina Mweshitya Shikongo
…s studies on TB in Namibia have primarily focused on TB and HIV co-infection and MDR-TB development. However, no study to date has specifically examined the epidemiology of MDR-TB mortality or its associated risk factors at a national level. Thus, this study aimed at examining th…
Suhasini Vasireddy
…nd: Globally 1.2 million Tuberculosis deaths occurred among HIV negative people and an estimated 251000 deaths occurred among HIV positive people in 2018. TB continues to be a public health threat as about half a million news cases were Rifampcin resistant. CBNAAT offer the prosp…
Geiger K, Patil A, Budhathoki C, Dooley KE, Lowensen K, et al.
The impact of HIV viral suppression on multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcomes among people with HIV (PWH) has not been clearly established. Using secondary data from a cluster-randomized clinical trial among people with MDR-TB in South Africa, we examined th…
Christian Tague
HIV coinfection and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) pose a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, where high HIV prevalence promotes tuberculosis progression and complicates its management. In people living with HIV (PLHIV), profound immunosuppression lead…
MacNeil A, Glaziou P, Sismanidis C, Date A, Maloney S, et al.
…ing among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (2). A World Health Organization (WHO) initiative, The End Tuberculosis Strategy, set ambitious targets for 2020-2035, including 20% reduction in TB incidence and 35% reduction in the absolute number of TB…
Jyoti S. Mathad, Sylvia M. LaCourse, Amita Gupta
… TB prevention in pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV (PWLHIV) and opportunities to address them. Of 10 million new TB diagnoses each year, 3 million occur in women, the majority of whom are of childbearing age [5]. Pregnancy status is not routinely collected and theref…
Geiger K, Patil A, Budhathoki C, Dooley KE, Lowensen K, et al.
…nfection with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and HIV is common, but few published studies examine how undergoing MDR-TB treatment affects HIV disease indicators. Methods Using data from a nested, retrospective cohort of people with HIV (PWH) and successful MDR-TB treat…
Ogwang MO, Diero L, Ng'ong'a F, Magoma G, Mutharia L, et al.
…d Beijing strains were the most predominant lineage in both HIV negative and positive TB patients. The Beijing lineage was also the most predominant in resistant M. tuberculosis strains as compared to wild type. A total of 12 (2.0%) were orphaned M. tuberculosis strains which wer…
Gopalan N, Santhanakrishnan RK, Palaniappan AN, Menon PA, Lakshman S, et al.
… of daily over thrice-weekly antituberculosis therapy among HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who are receiving antiretroviral therapy remains unproven. Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of daily, part-daily, and intermittent antituberculosis thera…
Praveen Kumar Gupta, Mohammed Haseeb Nawaz, Shyam Shankar Mishra, R. Hamidfar Roy, E. Keshamma, et al.
…are at maximum risk of active TB development. For instance, HIV conquers the immune system, making it harder for the body to control TB bacteria. People infected with both HIV and TB are 20-30% more probable to develop active TB than those who do not have HIV. Besides, WHO estima…
Dept. of Microbiology, PMCH Dhanbad, Dr Sujeet Kumar Tiwary
The HIV and Tuberculosis is one of the major health challenges in the present time. Many people's suffering co-infection with HIV and tuberculosis in Jharkhand and other state of India. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most common cause of Tuberculosis because of airborne transm…
Gita Naidu, Alane Izu, Richard Madimabe, R Wainwright, Stelios Poyiadjis, et al.
…den of TB in South African children in a setting of high TB-HIV prevalence. Results We enrolled 169 children, 82 (42.5%) with hematological malignancy (HM) and 87 (51.5%) with solid tumors (ST), median age 68.5 months, 10.7% HIV-infected. The majority had severe malnutrition, 78.…
Kouemo Motse DF, Nsagha DS, Adiogo D, Kojom Foko LP, Teyim PM, et al.
…g an intention-to-treat analysis, the pooled proportions of HIV-uninfected TB patients successfully cured from TB were low and slightly decreased by 1% between 2014 and 2016. Regarding HIV-infected TB patients, pooled values of TSR were lower than those of their HIV-negative coun…
Rahu K, Viiklepp P, Villand K, Pehme L, Rahu M
…fall. The incidence of TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection in males increased until 2007 and decreased thereafter. Less educated people and non-Estonians had a significantly higher relative risk of respiratory TB. Conclusion Estonia, one of the countries most af…
Nelson E. Arenas, Laura I. Cuervo, Edier Fernando Ávila, Alejandro Duitama-Leal, Andrea-Clemencia Pineda-Peña
…ses. We aimed to assess the impact of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV burden, health expenditure and the cost of illness under the framework of Colombian-Venezuelan migration flow focused on Norte de Santander, Santander, and La Guajira provinces. Methods: A retrospective study was con…
O. M. Immanuel, A. Omega-Immanuel, A. I. Isaiah
Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are endemic diseases in Nigeria, and their comorbidity has had an undesirable impact on the management of these diseases in resource-poor setting. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection among HIV s…
Adam Leonard, Kelly Lowensen, Elizabeth Di Giacomo, Brenice Duroseau, Ntombasekhaya Mlandu, et al.
…care professionals frequently miss opportunities to promote HIV prevention-particularly pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)-in high-burden settings. We examined HIV vulnerability, PrEP awareness and uptake, and HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence among HIV-negative…
Paul Nunn
…ng causes of death, and the leading infectious agent, above HIV/AIDS. An estimated 10 million cases occurred in 2018, with 1.2 million deaths in people uninfected with HIV, and another 250,000 cases of HIV-associated TB. Among all TB cases, 8–6% were HIV infected; 57% were men, 3…
Kevin Guzman, Allison Wolf, Rubeshan Perumal, Matthew J. Cummings, Mbawe Zulu, et al.
…tcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and HIV. Despite therapeutic advances, adherence challenges and care gaps persist, partly due to socio-demographic factors. While psychosocial support and digital adherence tools show promise, more research is needed to iden…
Asnake Simieneh, Rahel Dereje, Tadesse Misganaw, Gossa Fetene Abebe
…in 2023. Variables such as age, history of previous TB, and HIV status were found to be significantly associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis. Previous TB diseases were 5.1 times [AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: (2.5-10.1)], and HIV-positive TB cases were 6.6 times [AOR …
Sharling L, Marks SM, Goodman M, Chorba T, Mase S
… cases reported as RMR. The percentage of RMR TB cases with HIV declined 4% annually between 1998 and 2014. Persons with HIV and prior TB were more likely to have RMR TB (adjRR, 25.9; 95% CI, 17.6-38.1), as were persons with HIV and no prior TB (adjRR, 3.1; 95% CI, 2.4-4.1) vs th…
Alissar Al Khatib, Salwa Hassanein, Mohammad Almari, Mohamad Koubar, Suha Fakhreddine
…n accounted for (68%) of global TB deaths among people with HIV (WHO, 2023). Studies have shown that adherence to an anti-TB drug regimen decreases the rate of death from 50% to 15%. Therefore, a regimen of 6 months was highly recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) guidel…