Showing 101–125 of 200 documents
Sorted by hybrid relevance (keyword + semantic via RRF)
Kaushik G, Vashishtha R
…ntitubercular treatment naïve human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients representing the north Indian population. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 polymorphism in HIV disease progression. Methods The present study was design…
Auguste M, McGuire-Wolfe C, Alonso A, Okobi OE
…dividuals who have contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, other risk factors play a role in its morbidity pattern. Therefore, descriptions of these comorbidities between TB, HIV, and other risk factors such as diabetes are needed. Method A retrospective, descript…
MacPherson P, Lebina L, Motsomi K, Bosch Z, Milovanovic M, et al.
…to disease. We set out to investigate whether index TB case HIV status was linked to a higher probability of latent TB infection among household contacts. Materials and methods Data were collected prospectively from participants in the intervention arm of a household cluster-rand…
Winter JR, Adamu AL, Gupta RK, Stagg HR, Delpech V, et al.
…ding people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), who have a substantially greater risk of TB than people without HIV. We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for studies evaluating the risk factors for latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) or active TB in PLH…
Cranmer LM, Draper HR, Mandalakas AM, Kim S, McSherry G, et al.
Young HIV-exposed children are at high risk for TB infection. We performed QuantiFERON-TB Gold among HIV-exposed children in South Africa at enrolment and 1-year follow-up. The incidence of TB infection was high for HIV+ (11 cases per 100 child-years) and HIV-exposed uninfected c…
Balık R, Karacaer Z, Akça V, Kaya B, Akbulut İ, et al.
Objective The intersection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) presents a significant public health challenge, particularly in regions with high prevalence of both diseases. This multicenter, retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristi…
Preena Prasanna, Bianca Herrera, Larry S Schlesinger, Mirko Paiardini, Riti Sharan
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV coinfection present a significant global health challenge worldwide. While most individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have clinically asymptomatic latent TB infection (LTBI), those with immunosuppressive conditions, such as HIV, are …
Frederick Altice, MD, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, MBBS, Sheela Shenoi, MD
…e. A RCT of latent TB infection prevention strategies among HIV+ and HIV- prisoners with high prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) using standard 40-week daily isoniazid (40H) vs short-course weekly isoniazid + rifapentine (12HR). Investigators will also use this data, and publicly av…
White HA, Okhai H, Kirwan P, Rafeeq SH, Dillon H, et al.
Introduction People living with HIV (PLWH) are at high risk of active tuberculosis (TB) but this risk in the era of antiretroviral treatment (ART) remains unclear. It is critical to identify the groups who should be prioritised for latent TB (LTBI) screening. In this study we ide…
Exaverio Chireshe, Retius Chifurira, Jesca Mercy Batidzirai, Knowledge Chinhamu, Ayesha B. M. Kharsany
HIV and tuberculosis (TB) remain closely linked public health threats in sub-Saharan Africa, with South Africa bearing the highest burden of both diseases. In KwaZulu-Natal, where HIV prevalence peaks among individuals aged 15–49, HIV-induced immunosuppression significantly incre…
José Cobeña-Reyes, Celestine N Wanjalla, Manuel G Feria, Joshua Simmons, Tecla Temu, et al.
Coronary artery disease (CAD), tuberculosis (TB), and HIV represent major global health burdens. Individuals affected by one or more of these conditions often exhibit chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation, with monocytes playing a central role in these processes. Monocyte…
Jody Boffa, Dina A. Fisher, Maria Mayan, Reginald S. Sauve, Tyler Williamson
…y globally.1 South Africa has the world's highest burden of HIV (7 million people)2 and reports 23% of the global TB-HIV burden.3Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be latent or active in the body. Immune suppression from HIV is the strongest determinant for developing active TB4,5; h…
Makatsa MS, Omondi FMA, Bunjun R, Wilkinson RJ, Riou C, et al.
…le with latent TB infection or TB disease, with and without HIV-1 infection. We investigated the functional properties (IFN-γ, IL-22, and IL-17 production), memory differentiation (CD45RA, CD27, and CCR7), and activation profile (HLA-DR) of M. tuberculosis -specific CD4 + T cells…
Maheen Humayun
…s (HBCs), the TB epidemic is exacerbated by the overlapping HIV epidemic as HIV infection substantially increases the risk of primary TB infection, reinfection, and reactivation of LTBI. While the burden of TB is widespread among the general public in HBCs, in low incidence count…
Michele L Pearson, MD, Sara J Whitehead, MD
…y of healthcare settings. Moreover, the global expansion of HIV care programs may inadvertently increase TB transmission in healthcare settings by congregating highly susceptible individuals with those likely to have TB disease. The urgency of reducing TB transmission in healthca…
Rickman HM, Rickman HM, Miller RF, Morris-Jones S, Kellgren L, et al.
…or and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in HIV-positive patients at high risk of active tuberculosis (TB) disease, but implementation is suboptimal. We investigated potential missed opportunities to identify and treat LTBI among HIV-positive patients accessing a …
Gough M, Singh DK, Singh B, Kaushal D, Mehra S
…c form referred to as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). HIV is a well-known catalyst of reactivation of LTBI to active TB infection (ATB). Through the use of nonhuman primates (NHPs) co-infected with Mtb and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ( Mtb /SIV), we are able to simulate h…
Devalraju KP, Neela VSK, Ramaseri SS, Chaudhury A, Van A, et al.
… production in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) or active tuberculosis disease (ATB) is limited. In the current study, we compared the production of these two cytokines by PBMC of HIV-LTBI+ and HIV + LTBI+ individuals in r…
Beshaw MA, Balcha SA, Lakew AM
…B) infection with Isoniazid (INH) among human immune virus (HIV) infected patients reduces active TB occurrence and death by 62% and 26%, respectively. Even though other studies show aforementioned evidence, TB incidence and its associated factors among HIV-infected individuals w…
McLaughlin TA, Nizam A, Hayara FO, Ouma GS, Campbell A, et al.
…(SM), on Mtb infection outcomes is less clear. Furthermore, HIV is a known risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) disease and has been implicated in SM pathogenesis. Therefore, it is important to evaluate whether HIV modifies the association between SM and Mtb infection. Setting HIV-i…
Assefa DG, Bedru A, Zeleke ED, Negash SE, Debela DT, et al.
…results on a tuberculin skin test, participants living with HIV, chronic Silicosis, immigrants, prisoners, old people, and pregnant women who were at risk for latent TB were included. The incidence of TB among people living with HIV who have taken 3RH as TPT was lower, followed b…
Manish Sharma
HIV/TB co-infection presents a significant public health challenge due to the synergistic interaction between the twopathogens. HIV weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to TB infection and reactivationof latent TB. Conversely, active TB accelerates the p…
Dick Menzies
…red treatment for active TB. The study population includes HIV uninfected persons aged 5-50 years who are HH contacts of individuals with newly diagnosed microbiologically confirmed active pulmonary TB. The planned number of household contacts to recruit is about 1434 in total, …
Jyoti S. Mathad, MD, MSc
…ce-weekly doses of rifapentine (RPT) and isoniazid (INH) in HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-uninfected pregnant and postpartum women with latent tuberculosis (TB). TB is a major cause of illness and death in women of reproductive age. Pregnant and postpartum women with latent TB are at…
Rhines AS, Feldman MW, Bendavid E
…tive therapy (IPT) to South African adolescents, among whom HIV prevalence is low, latent tuberculosis (TB) prevalence is high, and school-based programs may enable population-level coverage. Methods We simulate a dynamic compartmental model of age-structured HIV and TB coepidemi…