Showing 51–75 of 200 documents
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Luntsi G, Ugwu AC, Ahmadu MS, Ohagwu CC, Sidi M, et al.
… characterize pathologic findings in patients infected with HIV/AIDS and TB co-infection, such as enlarged lymph nodes, pericarditis, and pleural effusion, among others for prompt patient management. Ultrasonography is cheaper and portable; interfacing software has become more us…
Hina Sadiq, Nasim Akhtar, Sana Tahir Virk, Kazim Abbas Virk, Abeer Zafar, et al.
Background: Co-infection of HIV and TB is a significant public health concern. The relationship between increased HIV replication and low CD4+-TLC in HIV-positive patients with treatment interruptions is well documented. Moreover, TB preventive therapy is highly effective in redu…
Ekaterina Kulchavenya
…uction:</b> Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has changed both the clinical presentation and the outcome of tuberculosis (TB) dramatically in the last few decades. <b>Material and Methods:</b> We have analyzed a cohort of 190 patients with isolated forms of ext…
Ahmad Wali, Nauman Safdar, Atiqa Ambreen, Asif Loya, Tehmina Mustafa
…s (TBLN) and tuberculous pleuritis (TBP), in a high-TB, low-HIV setting. Conducted at Gulab-Devi Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, this study evaluated the MPT64 test's performance against conventional diagnostic methods, including culture, histopathology, and the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. …
Akbar N, Mariuz P
…nary presentation of TB. Identification of coinfection with HIV may unmask not only disseminated TB but also immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We present the case of a 70-year-old Indian woman newly diagnosed with AIDS and pancreatic tuberculosis with miliary di…
Berra TZ, Gomes D, Ramos ACV, Alves YM, Bruce ATI, et al.
… 0.69% per month in TB and human immunodeficiency virus (TB-HIV) co-infection, a fall of 0.01% per month in general and lung TB and a fall of 0.33% per month in extrapulmonary TB. With the breakpoint technique, general and pulmonary TB changed in structure in late 2007, and extra…
Antel K, Levetan C, Mohamed Z, Louw VJ, Oosthuizen J, et al.
…espite the increased risk of lymphoma in people living with HIV (PLHIV). The challenges of diagnosis in this setting include diagnostic confusion with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), which commonly causes lymphadenopathy in PLHIV. Methods We analysed the time to diagnosis and…
Amartya Chakraborti, SushilKumar Munjal, Vijender Mudavath, Puneet Arora, Manpreet Bhall
…ine screening of presumptive tuberculosis (TB) patients for HIV was advised by the Treatment and Operational Guidelines of TB in India in 2016. This was in contrast to the earlier policy in which only diagnosed TB cases underwent HIV screening. Keeping this in mind, our study was…
Cristina Călăraşu, Floarea Mimi Nițu, Florentina Dumitrescu, Victor Ionel Grecu
<b>Background:</b> Global increase of people infected with HIV (PIH) is causing changes in tuberculosis (TB) clinical and epidemiological data. HIV infection increases up to 20 times the chance of progression from latent infection to active forms of TB. <b>Purpose:</b> The paper …
Johanna Åhsberg, Stephanie Bjerrum, Prince Asare, Stephen Osei-Wusu, Theophilus Afum, et al.
…y tuberculosis (TB) and extrapulmonary TB among people with HIV compared to HIV-negative people, diagnosis of HIV-associated TB cannot rely solely on sputum-based methods. We estimated the TB diagnostic yield of urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) and its prognostic significance am…
Nimitvilai S, Jintanapramote K
…n opportunistic infections (OIs) among patients living with HIV and associated with morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to describe epidemiology and characteristics of TB in newly diagnosed HIV patients. Methods Retrospective study was conducted at Nakhonpatho…
Sireethorn Nimitvilai, Kavita Jintanapramote
…n opportunistic infections (OIs) among patients living with HIV and associated with morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to describe epidemiology and characteristics of TB in newly diagnosed HIV patients. Methods Retrospective study was conducted at Nakhonpatho…
Sullivan A, Nathavitharana RR
…is (TB) is the leading cause of death in people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally, causing 208,000 deaths in PLHIV in 2019. PLHIV have an 18-fold higher risk of TB, and HIV/TB mortality is highest in inpatient facilities, compared with primary care and community settings. Here we …
Massavirov S, Akopyan K, Abdugapparov F, Ciobanu A, Hovhanessyan A, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection poses a growing clinical challenge. People living with HIV have a higher chance of developing TB, and once the disease has progressed, are at greater risk of having unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. Data on TB…
Wang C, Sun L, Li Q, Lu H
…TB) in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a challenge. The Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) has displayed greater sensitivity at diagnosing tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance compared to the Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert). However, whether Ultra is able to faci…
friedrich Thienemann, MD
…e highest burden of TB. South Africa has one of the highest HIV and TB rates worldwide with an HIV prevalence rate in adults of 19% and a TB case notification rate of 615/100,000 in 2019. Over many years, focus has been paid to pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) has receiv…
Coelho LE, Chazallon C, Laureillard D, Escada R, N'takpe JB, et al.
… After antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, people with HIV (PWH) treated for tuberculosis (TB) may develop TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS). Integrase inhibitors, by providing a faster HIV-RNA decline than efavirenz, might increase the risk…
Ali Mert, Okan Derin, Esra Zerdali, Abdurrahman Kaya, Özlem Gül, et al.
… most common opportunistic infections in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Mycobacterium tuberculosis may cause more TB in all stages of HIV infection than in the general population, with the incidence of TB and the spread of pulmonary TB to other organs increasing as the CD4 count…
Jain S, Bajgai P, Kaur S, Dogra M, Sharma A, et al.
…f ocular tuberculosis (TB) in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and systemic TB co-infected patients. Methods : In this prospective, observational, non-comparative case series, we included HIV and systemic TB co-infected patients, who underwent a detailed ophthalmic and systemic…
Hu FH, Tang XL, Ge MW, Jia YJ, Zhang WQ, et al.
Objective Children and adolescents with HIV infection are well known to face a heightened risk of tuberculosis. However, the exact mortality rates and temporal trends of those with HIV-tuberculosis (TB) co-infection remain unclear. We aimed to identify the overall mortality and t…
Samuel Addo, Gloria Ivy Mensah, Lydia Mosi, Afua O.D. Abrahams, Bassirou Bonfoh, et al.
…ccess rates for EPTB and PTB were respectively 72% and 84%. HIV positivity was high among patients with disseminated/miliary TB (429/779, 55%) and TB meningitis (242/526, 46%). To note, disseminated/miliary TB (χ 2 = 33.53, P < 0.0001) increased, whereas TB meningitis (χ 2 = 1…
Anmol Sharma, Jitender Sharma
…ecially in immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV. The pathogenesis involves hematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a primary infection site, often the lungs, leading to invasion of the central nervous system. This process triggers a robust im…
Neelam Chauhan, Anshu Sharma
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV have been closely linked since the emergence of AIDS. Worldwide, TB is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV-seropositive individuals and it remains the most common cause of death in patients with AIDS. Aim is to determine the percentage …
Gao M, Wu Q, Wang X, Sun X, Li M, et al.
…uberculosis (PTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in HIV-negative individuals. Methods A total of 215 patients and 37 healthy individuals were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 173 cases of PTB and 42 cases of EPTB. Sputum smears, sputum cul…
Abdur Rehman, Muhammad Bilal, Yaseen Khan
…illion people around the world since it first appeared. The HIV epidemic has had a profound effect on the global tuberculosis (TB) crisis attributing to 20% of all AIDS-related deaths. Less than one-tenth of one percent of Pakistan's population was estimated to have HIV. However,…