Showing 1–25 of 29 documents
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Eduarda Rabello, Fernanda de-Paris
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide, a burden further exacerbated by HIV co-infection and the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant strains. Although a wide range of laboratory diagnostic methods are currently av…
Yi En Ding, Matthew Tze Jian Wong, Mohd Nor Norazmi, Venugopal Balakrishnan, Gee Jun Tye
…o enhance distinction within the infection timeline in LTBI diagnostics. Advancement in immune profiling, dormancy antigen, along with molecular and transcriptomic approaches holds great promise to develop a diagnostic tools with better accuracy to differentiate recent from remot…
Rajwinder Kaur, Varsha Sharma, Anju Kumari
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB), a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is an under-recognized but significant cause of female infertility, particularly in developing countries. It primarily spreads through the hematogenous route and …
Amitesh Gupta, Eshutosh Chandra, Shipra Anand, Naresh Kumar, Richa Arora, et al.
…andscape pertaining to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) diagnostics, with a particular emphasis on the global ramifications and the intricacies surrounding LTBI diagnosis and treatment. It accentuates the imperative of bolstering diagnostic, preventive, and treatment modaliti…
Angela Hidalgo-Gajardo, Bryan Mangui, Carla Villavicencio, Jorge R Toledo, Frank Camacho
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, but it provides limited and inconsistent protection against pulmonary TB in adults. Furthermore, current diagno…
Chenxi Li, Xiangyuan Chen, Ping Zeng
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a state of sustained immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens, without clinical evidence of active tuberculosis. Rheumatic diseases, a common type of autoimmune disease, are often treated with glucocorticoids, immunosupp…
Anna An Starshinova, Adilya Sabirova, Olesya Koroteeva, Igor Kudryavtsev, Artem Rubinstein, et al.
…new opportunities for precise, biomarker-based differential diagnostics. **METHODS:** Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of host immune responses has revealed reproducible gene and protein signatures associated with LTBI and ATB. The integration of ML techniques-including fe…
Akanksha Sirohi, Yash Vardhan Trivedi, Tavishi Katoch, Benjamin Walters, Vasu Bansal, et al.
…f the latest evidence-based guidelines and literature on TB diagnostics, treatment regimens, and latent TB infection (LTBI) management was conducted. Key public health challenges and interventions targeting socioeconomic disparities, stigma, and healthcare access among high-risk …
Yang Cui, Haoran Li, Tianhui Liu, Rujie Zhong, Jiaying Guo, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a formidable global public health challenge. The rising prevalence of drug-resistant TB and increased human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) co-infection further exacerbate TB control efforts. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) achieves highly heterogeneous inf…
Aigul Utegenova, Lazzat Kassayeva, Bayan Turdalina, Aliya Baiduissenova, Ayaz Yktiyarov, et al.
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) represents a major global health concern as it constitutes the principal reservoir for future tuberculosis (TB) disease. Its identification is particularly important in Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated populations, where cross-rea…
Barbara E de Bary, Marlies Heudobler, Alois Fürst, Kirsten Utpatel, Elisabeth Schuierer, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health issue, with extrapulmonary manifestations accounting for a notable proportion of cases. Perianal tuberculosis, however, is a rare presentation of TB, often leading to delayed diagnosis due to its nonspecific …
Namgyal dolma, Smriti Sharma
This chapter significantly defines Tuberculosis (TB) as an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus. M. Tuberculosis is rod-like in shape, highly aerobic and it requires high levels of oxygen. It’s a serious illness which mainly affects the mammalian respi…
Kate Louther
**BACKGROUND:** Public Health Nurses perform many of the fundamental services of tuberculosis control practices, and they ensure patients receive proper treatment, monitor their health, and work to prevent the spread of the disease through community outreach and screening. The co…
Haorong Chen, Sijing Liang, Wenli Li, Ting Cao, Shujun Geng, et al.
This article examines the potential of exosome analysis in diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a significant public health challenge due to its high incidence worldwide. LTBI is a critical link in TB pr…
Sonya Krishnan, Robin Avery, Veronica Dioverti, Jeffrey A Tornheim
…ls and therapeutic regimens to enhance the efficacy of LTBI diagnostics and minimize TPT side effects and drug-drug interactions in the transplant population.
Subhashree Barik, Pulak Pritam, Ayon Chakraborty, Sreelipta Das, Sakshi Priyadarsini Dutta, et al.
Small heat shock proteins are a ubiquitous family of molecular chaperones. This class of proteins has a conserved α-crystallin domain., the etiological agent that causes tuberculosis (TB), harbors two α-crystallin-related (Acr) small heat shock proteins, Acr1 (Hsp16.3…
Karthikeyan Sundaram, Venkataraman Prabhu
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease spread through airborne droplet nuclei.is the etiological agent of this infection. Mycobacteria can cause active tuberculosis or asymptomatic latent infection due to its complex biology and host immunological responses. The genes of mycobacte…
Florence Mutua, Ruey-Chyi Su, Terry Blake Ball, Sandra Kiazyk
The identification of a type I interferon-induced transcriptomic signature in active tuberculosis suggests a potential role for these interferons in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, end-s…
Lara Beth Gadkowski, Connie A. Haley
In patients with HIV infection, tuberculosis (TB) can present at any CD4 T-cell count, with a diversity of pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations. Because TB is spread via a respiratory route and may rapidly progress if untreated, providers should maintain a high level of su…
Rafael Laniado-Laborín
The lifetime risk of developing active TB in subjects with latent tuberculosis infection without the human immunodeficiency infection (HIV) co-infection is 5-10%; for people living with HIV (PLWHIV), the annual risk is 3-16% per year. The interaction of these two pathogens is com…
Amrish Sahney, Manav Wadhawan
India is a high endemic country for tuberculosis. The prevalence of tuberculosis rises in patients undergoing solid organ transplant with a high morbidity and mortality. Immunosuppressive drugs used after liver transplant have significant interactions with ATT necessitating chang…
Lia D’Ambrosio, Denise Rossato Silva
With the overall goal of ending tuberculosis (TB), and eventually approaching TB elimination, several interventions need to be implemented. They include ‘in primis’ early and rapid diagnosis, and effective treatment of people with active disease and with latent TB infection. Glob…
Deepak V. Sawant, Shivaji H. Pawar
Tuberculosis (TB) is a transmissible disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB infection affects mainly upper respiratory organs such as the lungs, so-called pulmonary TB. They can also affect multiple organs like bones, joints, skin, and genital organs, etc., are extrapul…
Nicoleta Sorina Bertici, Talida Georgiana Cut, Amalia Ridichie, Andrei Raul Manzur, Razvan Adrian Bertici
Tuberculosis and parasitic infections, including, frequently coexist in many regions worldwide, yet their interaction remains poorly understood. Tuberculosis triggers a type 1 immune response characterized by IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α production, while toxocariasis elic…
Sethi Amit, A. Puneet, S. Prabhpreet
…d other such factors. This article attempts to focus on the diagnostics and management of LTBI. The treatment of LTBI to all infected may not be possible due to infection rates in countries like India as high as 40 % of the population. However, targeted treatment of LTBI in high …