Showing 26–50 of 82 documents
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Mariana Araújo-Pereira, Bruno B Andrade
Tuberculosis infection (TBI) affects approximately one quarter of the global population and constitutes the principal reservoir sustaining future cases of tuberculosis disease (TBD). Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) have become central tools for identifying TBI, particular…
Haorong Chen, Sijing Liang, Wenli Li, Ting Cao, Shujun Geng, et al.
…ines the potential of exosome analysis in diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a significant public health challenge due to its high incidence worldwide. LTBI is a critical link in TB prevention and cont…
Parissa Farnia, Ali Akbar Velayati, Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia
…ion of functional proteins during dormancy in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) through in vitro experiments provides crucial insights into the bacterium's survival mechanisms and pathogenicity. Dormancy constitutes a pivotal phase in the Mtb life cycle, enabling the pathogen to p…
Yuqi Ma, Xiwei Lu, Xu Cao, Xintong Lv, Jiaying Li
The comorbidity of diabetes and tuberculosis (TB) poses a major public health challenge. Patients with diabetes have impaired immune function, increasing their risk of contracting TB. They often present with atypical clinical symptoms after infection, which can lead to delayed di…
Charlotte A. Roberts, Peter Davies, Kelly E. Blevins, Anne C. Stone
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infectious disease caused by organisms from the <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> complex, <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> and <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> being of most importance to humans. TB is one of the top ten …
Lia D’Ambrosio, Denise Rossato Silva
With the overall goal of ending tuberculosis (TB), and eventually approaching TB elimination, several interventions need to be implemented. They include ‘in primis’ early and rapid diagnosis, and effective treatment of people with active disease and with latent TB infection. Glob…
Egídio Torrado, Reinout vanCrevel, Ana Raquel Afonso, Diana Amorim, Raquel Duarte
The interaction of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> with components of the innate and acquired immune system has significant implications for the clinical outcome of infection (clearance, latency or progression to active disease). Thus, the risk of progressing from LTB…
Shraddha Lavhale, Rehan Khan, Preenon Bagchi
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a species of pathogenic bacteria of the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis.First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic…
Nicoleta Sorina Bertici, Talida Georgiana Cut, Amalia Ridichie, Andrei Raul Manzur, Razvan Adrian Bertici
Tuberculosis and parasitic infections, including, frequently coexist in many regions worldwide, yet their interaction remains poorly understood. Tuberculosis triggers a type 1 immune response characterized by IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α production, while toxocariasis elic…
Sonya Krishnan, Robin Avery, Veronica Dioverti, Jeffrey A Tornheim
**PURPOSE OF REVIEW:** Tuberculosis disease (TBD) has high mortality in transplant recipients. This review evaluates the current evidence for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment in solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipi…
Anna An Starshinova, Adilya Sabirova, Olesya Koroteeva, Igor Kudryavtsev, Artem Rubinstein, et al.
**BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:** Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) represents a critical reservoir for subsequent development of active tuberculosis (ATB) and poses significant challenges for early diagnosis and disease prevention. Traditional immunological assays, such as interfero…
Amrish Sahney, Manav Wadhawan
India is a high endemic country for tuberculosis. The prevalence of tuberculosis rises in patients undergoing solid organ transplant with a high morbidity and mortality. Immunosuppressive drugs used after liver transplant have significant interactions with ATT necessitating chang…
Malay Sarkar
Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been known to infect humans for eons. It is an airborne infectious disease transmitted through droplet nuclei of 1 to 5 μm in diameter. Historically, tuberculosis (TB) was considered a distinct condition characterized by TB infection and activ…
Mohammed Eltahir Abdelhag, Husham E Homeida, Ogail Yousif Dawod, Abuzer Abdalla, Alfadil Ahmed Hamdan, et al.
… world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, making it a huge health issue. In spite of not having signs, many of these humans are liable to reactivation and TB, especially if weak. Controlling tuberculosis is hard considering it is uncertain which th…
Sethi Amit, A. Puneet, S. Prabhpreet
Infection by the organism Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) may not lead to clinical disease in the majority of human beings because of the immune system of a healthy person which prevents disease. However, the bacteria still remains in the body in a hidden form which is known as …
Preena Prasanna, Bianca Herrera, Larry S Schlesinger, Mirko Paiardini, Riti Sharan
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV coinfection present a significant global health challenge worldwide. While most individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have clinically asymptomatic latent TB infection (LTBI), those with immunosuppressive conditions, such as HIV, are …
Deepak V. Sawant, Shivaji H. Pawar
Tuberculosis (TB) is a transmissible disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB infection affects mainly upper respiratory organs such as the lungs, so-called pulmonary TB. They can also affect multiple organs like bones, joints, skin, and genital organs, etc., are extrapul…
R. N. S. Yadav
…mechanisms, diabetes can increase the chance of contracting tuberculosis (TB). According to studies, hyperglycemia weakens cell-mediated immunity, leaving patients more susceptible to infections. The study showed that the weakening of immunity because of hyperglycemia, is respons…
Sivakumar R. Rathinam, Prajna Lalitha
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a slow-growing acid-fast bacteria. It causes an airborne communicable disease. Inhalation of a droplet containing bacilli reaches alveoli and causes primary tuberculosis (TB) or gets cleared by the immune system. Alternatively, a patient may develop …
Amitesh Gupta, Eshutosh Chandra, Shipra Anand, Naresh Kumar, Richa Arora, et al.
…mination of the contemporary landscape pertaining to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) diagnostics, with a particular emphasis on the global ramifications and the intricacies surrounding LTBI diagnosis and treatment. It accentuates the imperative of bolstering diagnostic, prev…
Lucía Madero, Iria Bastón, Eduard Brunet-Mas, Margalida Calafat, Grupo Joven de GETECCU
…e colitis and Crohn's disease, carries an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB), particularly in patients treated with immunosuppressive therapies such as anti-TNF agents. The risk is further elevated when combined with immunomodulators. Other drugs, including anti-integrins, IL-12…
Fedor D Kireev, Julia A Lopatnikova, Alina A Alshevskaya, Sergey V Sennikov
…ting the molecular and cellular mechanisms of TNF action in tuberculosis (TB). Particular attention is given to TNF receptor signaling pathways, the balance between protective and pathological immune responses, and the modulation of TNF activity during anti-TNF therapy in patient…
Stacie Burke
…ro-inflammatory switches are risks for latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reactivation and ongoing infection transmission. This paper considers the heavy toll of reactivation risk in Indigenous communities in Canada and the chronic, everyday pro-inflammatory stressors connec…
Aigul Utegenova, Lazzat Kassayeva, Bayan Turdalina, Aliya Baiduissenova, Ayaz Yktiyarov, et al.
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) represents a major global health concern as it constitutes the principal reservoir for future tuberculosis (TB) disease. Its identification is particularly important in Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated populations, where cross-rea…
Kiavash Semnani, Shirin Esmaeili
… of the pandemic in disruption of health services aiming at tuberculosis (TB) infection control - including hindered screening efforts and delays in diagnosis and treatment. The pandemic has also been proposed to affect TB transmission via lifestyle modifications. Moreover, some …