Showing 26–50 of 79 documents
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Alessandra Li Pomi, Antonella Gambadauro, Francesca Galletta, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Salvatore Leonardi, et al.
…ell as clinically distinct from both thecomplex and. In the pediatric age group, NTM disease manifests with a diverse range of clinical phenotypes. Cervicofacial lymphadenitis stands out as the most common presentation among children who are immunocompetent. Conversely, skin and …
Young June Choe, Keun Ju Kim, Lay-Myint Yoshida, Michiko Toizumi, Yung-Ching Lin
…9;rin (BCG) vaccine remains essential for preventing severe pediatric tuberculosis (TB). This review compares BCG policies in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan - three low-burden countries with differing strategies. Notably, Taiwan and Japan have delayed vaccination to 5-8 months s…
Peter J Kitonsa, Devan Jaganath
**INTRODUCTION:** Pediatric tuberculosis (TB), especially among children co-infected with HIV, remains a significant global health challenge. Traditional sputum-based diagnostics are less effective in this population due to difficulties in sample collection and paucibacillary dis…
Aanchal Datta, M Vishnu Vardhan, Chhitij Srivastava
…pertension and diaphoresis, with a predilection in males of pediatric age. Keeping a low threshold for diagnosis and early detection is essential for reducing long-term neurological sequelae. Our case report is the 7th case in the literature of PSH in TBM (unrelated to hydrocepha…
Olga Adriana Căliman-Sturdza
…eic-acid diagnostics for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), refined pediatric regimens, and emerging intensified/adjunctive treatments. Narrative synthesis of current guidelines and peer-reviewed articles (priority on 2019–2025), with an emphasis on pathophysiology, diagnostics, treatmen…
Shilpa Yashwant Pawar, Sadhana Jagannath Raut, Smita Mundada, Amol Ratnakar Suryawanshi, Prashant Patil
…DS has become prevalent all across the world. As in adults, pediatric HIV/AIDS is on rise all over the world. Since 1981, about 25 million individuals have died around the world as a result of HIV. The risk of mother to child transmission of HIV infection varies from country to c…
Rafael Laniado-Laborín
Traditionally little attention has been paid to pediatric tuberculosis by clinicians, researchers, decision-makers, and even by national tuberculosis programs. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Report for the year 2018, 10 million people developed TB in 2017…
Deepak V. Sawant, Shivaji H. Pawar
…osing of latent TB, drug-resistant TB, and HIV co-infected, pediatric TB remains still a challenge. There are so many low sensitive conventional TB diagnosis methods are available which are responsible for delay in early-stage TB diagnosis. There is an urgent demand for precise a…
Saurav Jyoti Patgiri, Anukalpa Saikia, Sushmita Yadav, Md Atique Ahmed, Luna Adhikari, et al.
…logic manifestations such as erythema nodosum. Imported and pediatric cases were also found. Numerous cases were misidentified as cancer, fungal infections, or tuberculosis. Among risk factors, diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent. Non-specific symptoms, a lack of laboratory …
Hien Thi Thu Nguyen, Tuong Khanh Bui-Nguyen, Chi Que Nguyen, Hanh Thi My Dinh, Trang Khanh Tran, et al.
…itive, time-consuming, and impractical in extrapulmonary or pediatric TB and in individuals unable to produce sputum. Metabolomics has emerged as a promising approach for identifying host-derived biomarkers that reflect treatment-associated immunometabolic changes; however, the a…
Adeniyi Olagunju, Simone Perazzolo, Zachary R Stephen, Mark Ryan, Xiaolin Xu, et al.
… computational modeling to accelerate their development for pediatric and perinatal health are discussed. Due to complexities in manufacturing, and the diversity of patent-protected technologies, barriers exist for global access to LA products and in upscaling intricate LA formul…
Tahereh Navidifar, Elahe Meftah, Hediyeh Baghsheikhi, Kimia Kazemzadeh, Hanie Karimi, et al.
… Helicobacter pylori infection, and post-malarial anemia in pediatric patients. In addition, we show that certain infectious agents, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), can suppress hepcidin production during both the acute and chronic phases of infection, while hepatitis B virus (H…
Julie Huynh, Yara-Natalie Abo, Rina Triasih, Varinder Singh, Gordon Pukai, et al.
…n be difficult to engage in care as they often fall between pediatric and adult models of care. TB during pregnancy poses significant risks to the mother-infant pair, yet antenatal screening to ensure timely treatment initiation is often inadequate. Recent research advancements t…
Alexa Giovanatti, Adrienne E Shapiro
… worldwide, yet the only vaccine currently available is the pediatric BCG, which has poor effectiveness in preventing TB in adolescents and adults. A TB vaccine for this older age group is projected to prevent 4.6-8.5 million deaths by 2050 and increase gross domestic product by …
Lotte W Nijman, Simona M Cristescu, Robert S Jansen
…ow sensitivity. Especially in the case of HIV co-infection, pediatric patients, EPTB and drug-resistant TB, obtaining adequate samples and detecting and treating TB is challenging. Breath analysis is an alternative tool for TB diagnosis that can potentially overcome the limitatio…
Javier P Gisbert, María Chaparro
…ponse. Real-world data support the use of JAK inhibitors in pediatric and older adults with IBD. JAK inhibitor efficacy appears unaffected by body mass index. JAK inhibitors may offer considerably high colectomy-free rates in acute severe ulcerative colitis. Interruption of thera…
Nin-Chieh Hsu, Yu-Feng Lin, Hung-Bin Tsai, Charles Liao, Chia-Hao Hsu
…umonia, pleural effusion, and interstitial syndromes across pediatric and adult populations. However, specificity may decline in tuberculosis-endemic or obese populations due to technical limitations and overlapping imaging patterns. Overdiagnosis remains a concern, as highly sen…
Minghui Chen, Jiao Liu, Sihua Zou, Jingquan Yuan, Jiyu Pan, et al.
…ver diseases, skin conditions, gynecological disorders, and pediatric illnesses. As a botanical drug with both medicinal and nutritional applications,Vahl is an integral part of China's multi-ethnic medical system, serving as a tonic for many years. Approximately 130 chemical met…
Joan Joseph-Munné, Milena Maya-Hoyos, Narcís Saubi, Santiago Perez, Miguel Angel Martinez Lopez, et al.
…nfected, with vertical transmission being the main cause of pediatric HIV infection. Thus, the development of an effective, safe, and accessible vaccine for neonates and/or adults is an urgent need to prevent or control HIV infection or progression to AIDS. An effective HIV vacci…
Yuqing Chen, Hui Tang, Jieyuan Zheng, Qing Yang, Dongsheng Han
…e, mixed infections, and infections in immunocompromised or pediatric populations. Clinical studies indicate that mNGS achieves moderate to high sensitivity and excellent specificity in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, its diagnostic performance is often constrained by low…
Kerry L Hilligan, Patricia A Darrah, Robert A Seder, Alan Sher
…n regimens confer limited protection outside the context of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), promising new data indicate that when administered mucosally or intravenously at a higher dose, BCG can induce sterilizing immunity against pulmonary TB in nonhuman primates. B…
Jayendra Seetharaman
Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is defined as the presence of at least 3 episodes of abdominal pain for 3 mo duration, including both organic and functional etiology. Up to 95% of the causes of RAP are due to functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD). Peptic ulcer disease, cholel…
Timothy S. Laux
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV. This study looked at patients with HIV-1 infection who were starting or continuing antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the use of 12 months of isoniazid to prevent active TB disease. They fo…
Shivangi Gusain, Shreetama Bhattacharjee, Amisha Mishra, Abhishek Nandy, Aditi Singh
Controlling communicable diseases has long been a priority for international health policy. The burden and mortality of communicable diseases have significantly decreased among children under the age of five, but older children and adolescents are subject to greater disease burde…
Ravi Talapa, Nidhi Yadav, Siddhant Jain, Tanvi Sirohi, Shourya Yerramareddy
Tuberculosis is a disease with widespread character and a long treatment process. Tuberculosis affecting the thyroid gland is a rare occurrence, even in the regions where tuberculosis is prevalent. This case report details the presentation of a 22-year-old male who initially pres…