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Khan A, Singh VK, Mishra A, Soudani E, Bakhru P, et al.
…ople each year and the widely used Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine provides a partial protection against TB in children and adults. Because BCG vaccine evades lysosomal fusion in antigen presenting cells (APCs), leading to an inefficient production of peptides and antigen p…
Qiuyao Zhan, Liang Zhou, Jianbo Fu, Xun Jiang, Xuan Liu, et al.
Vaccines are a cornerstone of global public health, but their efficacy can vary significantly among individuals. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis is one of the most used vaccines, and its efficacy is influenced by numerous factors, including sex, ag…
Singh DK, Dwivedi VP, Singh SP, Kumari A, Sharma SK, et al.
…infected and ~2 million deaths annually. The only available vaccine for TB, Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG), is ineffective against adult pulmonary TB. Therefore, alternate strategies that enhance vaccine efficacy are urgently needed. Vaccine efficacy and long-term immune memory a…
Penn-Nicholson A, Tameris M, Smit E, Day TA, Musvosvi M, et al.
Background A vaccine that prevents pulmonary tuberculosis in adults is needed to halt transmission in endemic regions. This trial aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of three administrations at varying doses of antigen and adjuvant of an investigational vaccine (ID93 + …
Ghasemi F, Kardan-Yamchi J, Heidary M, Karami-Zarandi M, Akrami S, et al.
…global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only currently approved TB vaccine, is successful in preventing disseminated disease in newborns. However, it has a variable efficacy against pulmonary TB in adults. This protective effect of the vaccine varies…
Moorlag SJCFM, Taks E, Ten Doesschate T, van der Vaart TW, Janssen AB, et al.
…uding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The tuberculosis BCG vaccine may provide heterologous protection against nontuberculous infections and has been proposed as a potential preventive strategy against COVID-19. Methods In this multicenter, placebo-controlled trial, we rando…
Arrieta-Villegas C, Allepuz A, Grasa M, Martín M, Cervera Z, et al.
… infected livestock herds. A three-year trial to assess the efficacy of BCG vaccine was carried out in five goat herds. At the beginning of the trial (month 0), all animals were tested for TB using thee different diagnostic tests. Animals negative to all tests were vaccinated wit…
Chen YQ, Cao SH, Yang XY, Liu Y, Li CY
Background The current prophylactic tuberculosis vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), was derived in the 1920s, but the humoral immune responses induced by BCG vaccination have not been fully elucidated to date. In this study, our aim was to reveal the profiles of antibody resp…
Ahmed M. Abbas, Asmaa Abou‐Bakr, Nermeen Bahaa, Sherry Michael, Marco Ghobrial, et al.
… relationship between COVID-19 and Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine is still under investigation, and we aim to clarify this matter. Bacille Calmette Guérin is a live attenuated tuberculosis vaccine. BCG vaccination of adult humans induces strained circulating monocytes havi…
Tameris M, Mearns H, Penn-Nicholson A, Gregg Y, Bilek N, et al.
…nd Infants are a key target population for new tuberculosis vaccines. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of the live-attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine candidate MTBVAC in adults and infants in a region where transmission of tuberculosis is very high. Methods We…
Fadel Sayes, Wafa Frigui, Alexandre Pawlik, Cécile Tillier, Magali Tichit, et al.
Abstract The currently licensed anti-tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis BCG, provides limited protection against pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults, the main cause of TB transmission and mortality. To obtain an improved BCG-based vaccine candidate with increased i…
Dhiraj K Singh, Peter Um, Garima Arora, Xavier Alvarez, Vinay Shivanna, et al.
…h due to infection globally. Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated bacterial strain, is the only available TB vaccine, but it has poor efficacy in preventing pulmonary TB in adults. There are advantages associated with the BCG platform however, including a remark…
Mark F. Cotton, Helena Rabie
… control through vaccination remains a global priority. The efficacy of BCG given to neonates to prevent tuberculosis meningitis and miliary tuberculosis is well known.1Trunz BB Fine P Dye C Effect of BCG vaccination on childhood tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis wo…
Sarfas C, White AD, Sibley L, Morrison AL, Gullick J, et al.
…tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is given as close to birth as possible to protect infants and children from severe forms of TB. However, BCG has variable efficacy and is not as effective against adult pulmonary TB. At present, most animal …
Ahmad S, Bhattacharya D, Kar S, Ranganathan A, Van Kaer L, et al.
…ly worldwide. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only TB vaccine in common use, is effective against disseminated and meningeal TB in young children but is not effective against adult pulmonary TB. T helper 1 (Th1) cells producing interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and…
Wenping Gong, Jianping Xie, Hao Li, Ashok Aspatwar
…/tuberculosis). However, it is reported that the protective efficacy of BCG is highly variable and ranges between 0% and 80%, and its protection lasts only for 10 to 15 years [2]. Therefore, developing a new effective TB vaccine is pressing and challenging for governments and sci…
Mark F. Cotton, Helena Rabie
…lth Organization, Geneva2015Google Scholar and an effective vaccine was a key component of this strategy. Although tuberculosis vaccine research began in earnest in the 1990s, a strategic blueprint for tuberculosis vaccine development beyond the BCG vaccine was released in 2012. …
Eloise T. M. Filardi, Roberto Carlos Cruz Carbonell, Fernando R. Pavan, Felipe A. Cerni, Manuela B. Pucca
Vaccines represent one of the most significant achievements in medical science, constituting safe preparations or substances developed with the primary purpose of stimulating the immune system (1,2). Their central function is to protect the human body against a myriad of infectio…
Wilkie MEM
…means there is a desperate need for a safe and effective TB vaccine. BCG is the only licensed vaccine and extremely variable in efficacy. However, BCG potentially exerts a non-specific beneficial effect - protecting infants from other causes of death such as respiratory infection…
de Gijsel D, von Reyn CF
Objectives The efficacy of childhood BCG vaccination in the prevention of adult pulmonary tuberculosis is not universally accepted. Methods We reviewed the published literature and summarized studies of BCG vaccination reporting long-term protection against pulmonary TB. Results …
Bitencourt J, Peralta-Álvarez MP, Wilkie M, Jacobs A, Wright D, et al.
…major global health problem and the only currently-licensed vaccine, BCG, is inadequate. Many TB vaccine candidates are designed to be given as a boost to BCG; an understanding of the BCG-induced immune response is therefore critical, and the opportunity to relate this to circums…
Taylor JW, Curtis N, Denholm J
Background The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is primarily used to prevent tuberculosis (TB) infection and disease in settings with high TB incidence. Objective The aim of this review article is to describe the current uses of BCG vaccination in Australia, including the in…
Ahmad S, Bhattacharya D, Gupta N, Rawat V, Tousif S, et al.
…demic regions are vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), which is the only usable vaccine available. BCG is efficacious against meningeal and disseminated TB in children, but protective responses are relatively short-lived and fail to protect against adult pulmonary TB. …
Rakshit S, Adiga V, Ahmed A, Parthiban C, Chetan Kumar N, et al.
This proof-of-concept study tested if prior BCG revaccination can qualitatively and quantitively enhance antibody and T-cell responses induced by Oxford/AstraZeneca ChAdOx1nCoV-19 or COVISHIELD™, an efficacious and the most widely distributed vaccine in India. We compared COVISHI…
Fang D, Wang R, Fan X, Li M, Qian C, et al.
…n lives per year in the world, whereas the only licensed TB vaccine BCG exhibits unsatisfactory efficacy in adults. Taking BCG as a vehicle to express Mtb antigens is a promising way to enhance its efficacy against Mtb infection. In this study, the immune efficacy of recombinatio…