Showing 26–50 of 200 documents
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Zhang Y, Xu D, Nie Q, Wang J, Fang D, et al.
…s of fatal infectious diseases worldwide. The only licensed vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), has variable efficacy against TB in adults. Insufficiency of immune cell function diminishes the protective effects of the BCG vaccine. It is critical to clari…
Eskild Petersen, Martin Rao, Giuseppe Ippolito, Gina Gualano, Jeremiah Chakaya, et al.
…uch-needed resources to find, diagnose and treat 40 million adults and children who will be affected by TB by 2022, and to conduct research on new diagnostics, treatments and vaccines required to achieve global TB control (Tiberi et al., 2018Tiberi S. Petersen E. Maeurer M. Ntoum…
Prabowo SA, Zelmer A, Stockdale L, Ojha U, Smith SG, et al.
…d vaccination, in particular with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), remain the main strategies to control TB. With the emergence of drug resistance, it has been proposed that a combination of TB vaccination with pharmacological treatment may provide a greater therapeutic value. We …
Sweeney E, Dahly D, Seddiq N, Corcoran G, Horgan M, et al.
…e from a single infectious agent. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for TB, yet its efficacy remains debated with variations in vaccine sub-strains, policies, and practices observed across the world. Three BCG vaccination policies were implemented across…
Ramos L, Obregon-Henao A, Henao-Tamayo M, Bowen R, Izzo A, et al.
Many vaccines against childhood diseases are administered early after birth, but vaccine development studies frequently test efficacy in adult rather than in neonatal animal models. In countries with endemic tuberculosis (TB), Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is administered as par…
Hafsa Farooq, Hamna Khan, Nimra Akhtar
…ost TB cases (95%) are found in low-income nations. Neonate BCG immunization is recommended by the WHO in countries with a "high prevalence" of tuberculosis.Objective: To determine the frequency of BCG vaccination in children diagnosed with pulmonary Tuberculosis at a tertiary ca…
Festjens N, Vandewalle K, Houthuys E, Plets E, Vanderschaeghe D, et al.
The Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine shows variable efficacy in protection against adult tuberculosis (TB). Earlier, we have described a BCG mutant vaccine with a transposon insertion in the gene coding for the secreted acid phosphatase SapM, which led to…
Yun Xu, Xiaochun Wang, Qiangsen Zhong
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only vaccine currently used in clinical practice to prevent tuberculosis (TB), however, it remains limited in preventing latent infection, TB reactivation, and providing comprehensive protection. In this study, the pcaA gene, an antigen …
Ari MM, Beig M, Sholeh M, Khoshmirsafa M
…usative agent for this infection. Different antibiotics and vaccines have been discussed as potential treatments and prevention. Currently, there is only one licensed vaccine against TB, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Despite its protective efficacy against TB in children, BCG h…
Socorro Miranda-Hernandez, Harindra D Sathkumara, Guangzu Zhao, Louis Schofield, Andreas Kupz
…er 1 million lives annually. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only licensed vaccine against TB, provides limited efficacy against pulmonary TB in adults and only partial protection against serious disease in children. Hence, the development of safer and more effective new…
Padmini Salgame, Vaishnavi Kaipilyawar
…or the largely variable protective effect against TB of the vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is not understood.In this study, we investigated whether epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the response of immune cells to the BCG vaccine.We isolated peripheral blood mononuclea…
Dockrell HM, Butkeviciute E
The BCG vaccine will, in 2021, have been in use for 100 years. Much remains to be understood, including the reasons for its variable efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis in adults. This review will discuss what has been learnt about the BCG vaccine in the last two decades, and…
Prabowo SA, Smith SG, Seifert K, Fletcher HA
Understanding factors associated with varying efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) would aid the development of improved vaccines against tuberculosis (TB). In addition, investigation of individual-level factors affecting mycobacterial-specific immune responses could provid…
Clark RA, Weerasuriya CK, Portnoy A, Mukandavire C, Quaife M, et al.
…n tuberculosis cases and 506 thousand deaths in 2021. Novel vaccines effective in adolescents and adults could reduce this burden. M72/AS01 E and BCG-revaccination have recently completed phase IIb trials and estimates of their population-level impact are needed. We estimated the…
Walk J, de Bree LCJ, Graumans W, Stoter R, van Gemert GJ, et al.
Recent evidence suggests that certain vaccines, including Bacillus-Calmette Guérin (BCG), can induce changes in the innate immune system with non-specific memory characteristics, termed 'trained immunity'. Here we present the results of a randomised, controlled phase 1 clinical t…
Lei Q, Fu H, Yao Z, Zhou Z, Wang Y, et al.
Background The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, currently the sole authorized vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), demonstrates limited effectiveness in safeguarding adolescents and adults from active TB, even when administered as a booster with either BCG itself or heterolo…
Chen Z, Zhang Y, Wu J, Xu J, Hu Z, et al.
…remains a global challenge. Despite being the only licensed vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) confers limited protective efficacy in adults and individuals with latent tuberculosis infections (LTBI). There is an urgent need to develop novel vaccines that can enhance the pro…
Wang H, Wang S, Fang R, Li X, Xing J, et al.
…ion, predominantly reliant on the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Although it is effective in preventing disseminated diseases in children, its impact on adults is limited. To broaden vaccine protection, efforts are underway to accelerate the development of new TB vaccine…
Satti I, Marshall JL, Harris SA, Wittenberg R, Tanner R, et al.
…m tuberculosis is the main causative agent of tuberculosis. BCG, the only licensed vaccine, provides inadequate protection against pulmonary tuberculosis. Controlled human infection models are useful tools for vaccine development. We aimed to determine a safe dose of aerosol-inha…
Fatima S, Kumari A, Das G, Dwivedi VP
…spite years of intensive research, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) remains the only licensed vaccine and has variable efficacy. It provides protection against childhood TB but is not effective in adult pulmonary TB. As a result of intense research in understanding TB vaccinology, t…
Özgül Kısa
…iency Syndrome (AIDS). Currently, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is used to prevent tuberculous meningitisand miliary disease, particularly in young children, but its protective efficacy is variable in adults. Therefore, there isan urgent need for the development of alter…
Ahyar Ahmad, Andriansjah Rukmana, Miski Aghnia Khairinisa, Dian Ayu Eka Pitaloka, Rosana Agus, et al.
…h challenge worldwide. Currently, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only vaccine available for TB prophylaxis. However, the efficacy of the BCG vaccine against adult pulmonary TB is considered inconsistent. This condition encourages researchers to look for more effective opti…
Xiaochun Wang, Qiangsen Zhong, Yun Xu, Xinkuang Liu
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has limited protection against tuberculosis (TB) in adults, and there is an urgent need to develop novel TB vaccines. Currently, booster vaccines based on initial immunization with BCG are important research hotspots. In this study, we …
Usama Sajjad, Khalid Khan Niazi, Gillian Beamer, Metin N. Gürcan
…over 2 billion individuals worldwide. Although the approved vaccine against TB, <i>M. bovis</i> Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), successfully prevents TB meningitis and systemic TB in children, efficacy against pulmonary TB in adults is highly variable, ranging from 0% to 80…
Nieuwenhuizen NE, Zyla J, Zedler U, Bandermann S, Abu Abed U, et al.
BCG - the only available vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) - was first given to babies 100 years ago in 1921. While it is effective against TB meningitis and disseminated TB, its efficacy against pulmonary TB is variable, notably in adults and adolescents. TB remains one of the w…