Factors affecting the efficacy of treatment of MDR/XDR TB patients receiving bedaquiline

<b>Objective:</b> Define the impact of various factors on the efficacy of treatment of MDR/XDR TB patients receiving Bq. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> 360 culture-positive MDR/XDR pulmonary TB patients which was registered for treatment in 2015 from 56 regions of Russia. All of the patients received Bq. For statistical data analysis the logistic regression method with step-by-step 2-way algorithm of adding/excluding factors (excluding interactions) to obtain the lowest value of AIC was used. The following factors were analyzed: individual anti-TB drugs included in the treatment regimen, regardless of the duration of use and combination with other anti-TB drugs; the maximum number of drugs used simultaneously, regardless of the duration of their joint application; percentage of doses of anti-TB drugs taken; previous treatment (new cases/previously treated cases); previous surgical treatment; non-TB related concomitant diseases; most common and most severe adverse events. <b>Results:</b> Treatment success rate was - 76,1% (274/360), treatment failure (ineffective treatment or death) - 23,9% (86/360). The influence of the following factors was statistically significant for TB cure: percentage of doses of anti-TB drugs taken (odds ratio (OR)=1,06 per every 1%, p&lt;0,0001); previous treatment (OR=0,18 for previously treated cases, p&lt;0,005); concomitant diseases: COPD (OR=0,18, p&lt;0,005), oncology diseases (OR=0,05, p&lt;0,05); receiving Km (OR=0,32, p&lt;0,05). <b>Conclusion:</b> The factors that statistically significant affects the efficacy of treatment of MDR/XDR TB patients receiving Bq were identified. It is necessary to consider these factors when using chemotherapy regimens containing Bq.