Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Gong W, Pan C, Cheng P, Wang J, Zhao G, et al.
…d the best approach to reduce the TB burden. Unfortunately, BCG, the only TB vaccine currently approved for use, offers some protection against childhood TB but is less effective in adults. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new TB vaccines that are more effective than BCG. Accum…
Yongqiang Li, Xiuping Jia, Jinhua Tang, Huilian Qiao, Jiani Zhou, et al.
…osis (TB) is a major global health threat, with the current(BCG) vaccine having limited efficacy against adult pulmonary disease. Trained immunity (TI) is a form of innate immune memory that enhances antimicrobial defense. It is characterized by the epigenetic and metabolic repro…
Khoshnood S, Heidary M, Haeili M, Drancourt M, Darban-Sarokhalil D, et al.
…among people with HIV in 2016. The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only available TB vaccine which fails to provide consistent protection against pulmonary TB in adults and adolescents despite being efficacious at protecting infants and young children from the most severe, o…
Eunkyung Shin, Jin-Seung Yun, Young-Ran Lee, Hye-Ran Cha, Soo-Min Kim, et al.
…on deaths worldwide in 2022. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB); however, it has limited protective efficacy in adults. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing Ag85B from M. tuberculosis using a…
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
…blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of a candidate tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, MTBVAC, against TB disease in adolescents and adults aged 14-45 years, living in a TB endemic region. Phase 2b, double-blind, randomized, pla…
Kirk NM, Huang Q, Vrba S, Rahman M, Block AM, et al.
…b) remains a major global health threat. The only available vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) does not prevent adult pulmonary TB. New effective TB vaccines should aim to stimulate robust T cell responses in the lung mucosa to achieve high protective efficacy. We have previou…
Kaviya Parambath Kootery, Suma Sarojini
… pathogens. We have only a few protective shields, like the BCG vaccine against the pathogen, which itself has poor efficacy in preventing adult tuberculosis. Even though different vaccine trials for an alternative vaccine have been conducted, those studies have not shown much pr…
Sarman Singh
…f Lancet Infectious Diseases focusing on TB control through vaccine is worth reading [5]. The editorial very aptly mentions that the COVID-19 epidemic has taught us its negative as well as positive sides. On one hand, TB case detection rates were compromised due to a shift of man…
Mukherjee N, Julián E, Torrelles JB, Svatek RS
The Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccine was generated in 1921 with the efforts of a team of investigators, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin, dedicated to the determination to develop a vaccine against active tuberculosis (TB) disease. Since then, BCG v…
Ning H, Kang J, Lu Y, Liang X, Zhou J, et al.
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a licensed prophylactic vaccine against tuberculosis (TB). Current TB vaccine efforts focus on improving BCG effects through recombination or genetic attenuation and/or boost with different vaccines. Recent years, it was revealed that BCG could e…
Naqvi N, Ahuja Y, Zarin S, Alam A, Ali W, et al.
The BCG vaccine represents a significant milestone in the prevention of tuberculosis (TB), particularly in children. Researchers have been developing recombinant BCG (rBCG) variants that can trigger lasting memory responses, thereby enhancing protection against TB in adults. The …
Fan X, Zhao X, Wang R, Li M, Luan X, et al.
…-19 among infectious diseases. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG), the only licensed TB vaccine, is ineffective against adult TB. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new effective vaccines. Methods In this study, we developed a novel multistage subunit vaccine (…
Gyu Choi H, Woong Kwon K, Jae Shin S
…exemplified by SARS-CoV-2, has emphasized the importance of vaccines in thwarting infection and curtailing the progression of severe disease. The scourge of tuberculosis (TB), emanating from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex, has inflicted a more profound toll in terms…
Pelzer PT, Seeley J, Sun FY, Tameris M, Tao L, et al.
Recently, two Phase 2B tuberculosis vaccine trials reported positive efficacy results in adolescents and adults. However, experience in vaccinating these age groups is limited. We identified potential implementation strategies for the M72/AS01E vaccination and BCG-revaccination-l…
Sable SB, Posey JE, Scriba TJ
…ive use of the Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. A safer and more effective vaccine than BCG is urgently required. More than a dozen TB vaccine candidates are under active evaluation in clinical trials aimed to prevent infection, disease, and recurrence. …
Xinfeng Li, Xinyu Tao, Mingyue Zhong, Yiyao Wang, Heng Xue, et al.
…n is a cornerstone of disease control, the only licensed TB vaccine, Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), shows limited efficacy in adults. There is thus a critical need for more effective vaccines. Multi-epitope vaccines, which incorporate key epitopes from multiple antigens, off…
Alexa Giovanatti, Adrienne E Shapiro
…e leading infectious cause of death worldwide, yet the only vaccine currently available is the pediatric BCG, which has poor effectiveness in preventing TB in adolescents and adults. A TB vaccine for this older age group is projected to prevent 4.6-8.5 million deaths by 2050 and …
Tanzeela Sameen Saeed, Maythem Saeed, Muhammad Fahad Abdullah, M. N. Qureshi, Armeen Saeed
…1.25 million deaths annually. The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine provides limited protection against adult pulmonary TB, prompting the need for novel strategies. mRNA vaccines, successful in the fight against COVID-19, are now being explored for TB prevention. Methods We …
Wang X, Du J, Zhang Y, Zhu T, Mao L, et al.
… infectious disease worldwide, and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) remains the only TB vaccine licensed for clinical use. As there is little evidence that BCG is effective in adults, there is an urgent need for a safe and effective vaccine to control TB in adults. In this study, we…
Ji N, Mukherjee N, Reyes RM, Gelfond J, Javors M, et al.
Background Although intravesical BCG is the standard treatment of high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), response rates remain unsatisfactory. In preclinical models, rapamycin enhances BCG vaccine efficacy against tuberculosis and the killing capacity of γδ T cell…
Rodo MJ, Rozot V, Nemes E, Dintwe O, Hatherill M, et al.
…due to infectious disease, requires a highly efficacious TB vaccine. Many TB vaccine candidates are in pre-clinical and clinical development but only a few can be advanced to large-scale efficacy trials due to limited global resources. We aimed to perform a statistically rigorous…
Jackson S, McShane H
…ientific advancements, contributing to the licensure of new vaccines for many pathogens. Despite being one of the world's oldest known pathogens, there are still significant gaps in our knowledge surrounding the immunobiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). Furthermore, th…
Cao X, Fu YX, Peng H
…portion of the world's population. The current tuberculosis vaccine, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), offers limited protection against pulmonary tuberculosis in adults, underscoring the critical need for innovative vaccination strategies. Cytokines are pivotal in modulating immune…
Eunkyung Shin, Jin-Seung Yun, Young-Ran Lee, Hye‐Ran Cha, Soo-Min Kim, et al.
…million deaths worldwide in 2022. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB); however, it has limited protective efficacy in adults. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing Ag85B from M. tuberculosis using a…
Mohsen Karbalaei, Kiarash Ghazvini, Masoud Keikha
…ion infected people in 2018, 1.6 million died. Although the BCG vaccine has been used for about a hundred years, it is only effective in children, but is not able to produce a protective and reliable immunity against adult pulmonary TB. Hence, using an alternative vaccine with hi…