Showing 151–175 of 200 documents
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Dixit S, Verma AK, Bajpai J, Kant S, Jaiswal R, et al.
…her than in immunocompetent patients. The burden of EPTB in HIV patients ranges from 15 to 20% of all TB cases in HIV-negative patients, while in HIV-positive people, it accounts for around 40-50% of new TB cases. Histopathological examination (HPE) and positive Acid-Fast Bacilli…
Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong, Ahmed Ahmed, Anjella Manoharan, Weizheng Wang
…eport a 29-year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis, diagnosed recently by mediastinal biopsy, who presented with dysphagia. His symptoms started one month ago with difficulty swallowing solids and thin liquids, causing him to have pleuritic chest pa…
Tshisevhe V, Mbelle N, Peters RPH
…a significant burden of disease worldwide, especially among HIV-infected individuals and those with other immunosuppressive conditions. Cutaneous TB is an important manifestation of extrapulmonary TB but is uncommonly reported in South Africa despite the high burden of HIV and TB…
Charles Lukanga Kimera, Fredrick Sinyinza, Linda Ndesipandula Lukolo
…suffering and death for many years. Until the 1980s, before HIV, TB was the leading cause of death among infectious diseases. A 23-year-old nulliparous woman presented to our gynaecology clinic with post-coital bleeding and irregular menstrual periods. Review of her medical and s…
Zürcher K, Ballif M, Kiertiburanakul S, Chenal H, Yotebieng M, et al.
…omes of EPTB compared to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among HIV-positive adults in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Methods We collected data from HIV-positive TB patients (≥16 years) in 22 ART programmes participating in the Int…
Wendy Shang, Tony F Bruno
…sly undiagnosed infection as immune function reconstitutes. HIV-positive patients with advanced disease who are also coinfected with tuberculosis have a uniquely high risk for this complication once started on highly active antiretroviral therap…
Andrea Vejarano-Pombo, Sandra B Amado-Garzón, Javier I Lasso-Apráez, Sebastián Moreno-Mercado, Samuel Martínez-Vernaza, et al.
…ularly among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, many EPTB cases arise in those without HIV, leaving the underlying factors unclear. **OBJECTIVES:** This study aims to characterize patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and EPTB, exploring the diffe…
Sariem CN, Odumosu P, Dapar MP, Musa J, Ibrahim L, et al.
…treatment success were gender, age, year of enrollment, and HIV status. Extrapulmonary TB was less likely associated with treatment success (AOR:95% CI- 0.72:0.61-0.84, p Conclusion With the decrease in treatment success rates, underlying reasons for medication non-adherence and …
Jessica Edelyne, Muhammad Prasetio Wardoyo, Luthfiyah Zanida Putri, Salsabila Hulwani, Assica Permata Amalya Hakiman, et al.
…berculosis. Subgroup analyses will explore the influence of HIV status and TB type (pulmonary vs extrapulmonary) on CRP’s prognostic performance. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> Following PRISMA-P 2020 guidelines, this review adopts the Domain, Determinants, and Outcome (DDO)…
Rakotoarivelo R, Ambrosioni J, Rasolofo V, Raberahona M, Rakotosamimanana N, et al.
…uberculosis (TB) and its diagnostic accuracy, and to assess HIV prevalence in a real-life setting in Madagascar. This study was set in a tertiary care hospital in Madagascar. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted of all consecutive cases with suspected smear-negative a…
Max McClure, John Szumowski, Gabriel Chamie, Janice Louie
…is immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in HIV-TB coinfection is typically thought of as occurring within several months of starting antiretroviral therapy, more prolonged manifestations have been reported. We describe 2 cases in which manifestations of TB-IRIS c…
Bhargava Ram Dasangam Pradeep
… people died from TB in 2020 (including 214 000 people with HIV). Worldwide, TB is the 13th leading cause of death. TB of the spine is one of the oldest demonstrated diseases of mankind and is the common extrapulmonary form of TB. The morbidity and mortality rate due to spinal TB…
Suttels V, Du Toit JD, Fiogbé AA, Wachinou AP, Guendehou B, et al.
…puncture, use in children/pregnant women/people living with HIV, targeted screening of TB contacts, monitoring TB sequelae, and creating artificial intelligence decision support. Weaknesses and external threats such as operator dependency, lack of visualization of central lung pa…
Admassu W, Ayelign B, Abebe G, Tadesse M
…s, previous history of TB, pus/lymph node sample, and being HIV positive were significantly associated with TB positivity by Xpert MTB/RIF (P-value Conclusion These data suggest that the overall frequency of M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance was found to be relatively low…
Ohene SA, Bakker MI, Ojo J, Toonstra A, Awudi D, et al.
…o PTB patients with mortality of EPTB being associated with HIV, older age and CNS TB. Being HIV positive and female gender were found to be significantly associated with EPTB. Increased awareness of these factors may facilitate early case finding and better management outcomes f…
Sridharan Sudharshan, RajeshB Babu, Nivedita Nair, Jyotirmay Biswas
…nifestations in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Lower the CD4 counts, higher the risk, especially if patients not on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). While cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR), the most common ocular OI, is usually seen when CD4 <50 ce…
Aliasgar Esmail, MD FCP
…apulmonary TB (EPTB) accounts for nearly 30% of TB cases in HIV endemic settings, such as South Africa. The diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB is complicated by the poor performance of Gene Xpert and TB Culture in extrapulmonary fluid (30-50% sensitive), as well as the poor specifici…
Assiut University
…fectious agent, ranking above human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). TB is present in all countries but it is highly prevalent among the low socioeconomic section of the population and marginalized sections of the community . TB is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobact…
Gabriela Pizarro Ossa Ferro Henriques, Guilherme Barbosa Pinto, Erika Yukie Ishigaki, Nicoly Caroline de Andrade Delmondes, Daniel Ayabe Ninomiya, et al.
… for TB, 73.1% were male, with a mean age of 41.8 years. TB-HIV coinfection was identified in 55.3% of cases, with 83.5% of these patients having CD4+ T-cell counts ≤ 200 cells/mm. Malnutrition (40.1%), smoking (64.0%), alcohol use (51.6%), and illicit drug use (58.1%) wer…
Aarhus University Hospital
…d was estimated at 273/100,000 population in 2020, while TB/HIV co-infection declined from 108 per 100.000 to 14 per 100,000 over the period (19). Smear negative cases and case fatality rate likewise declined over the period. The incidence of smear positive TB remained stable at …
Ma J, Jiang Y, He Y, Zhou H
…ale patients, those with elevated PCT levels, those who are HIV positive, and those with a decreased CD4 T-cell count. The HIV-positive group shows higher TB mNGS reads ( p = 0.012) and TB mNGS sensitivity ( p = 0.05). The sensitivity of TB mNGS in blood samples was 80% for HIV-i…
Mariana C. Rufino, Samuel Rossi Coelho, Thiago Thomáz Mafort, Rogério Rufino, Ana Paula Santos, et al.
…AM antigen in urine, standardized as a point-of-care for TB-HIV co-infection diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the potential use of LF-LAM assay in pleural fluid (PF) samples from patients with pleural effusion due to PlTB and other diagnoses. A retrospective study was conducted…
M C Rufino, S Galdino de Azevedo, M Ribeiro-Alves, T T Mafort, A Santos, et al.
…AM antigen in urine, standardized as a point-of-care for TB-HIV co-infection diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the potential use of LF-LAM assay on pleural fluid (PF) samples from patients with pleural effusion due to PlTB and other diagnoses. Methods A cross-sectional study was…
Ameer Khusro, Chirom Aarti
… that EPTB accounts for more than 50% of all cases of TB in HIV-positive patients. In spite of existing anti-tubercular drugs based treatment of EPTB, the ideal regimen and duration of treatment have not yet been established. In general, EPTB is a kind of TB infecting diversified…
Soumya Swaminathan, MD MNAMS
… of short course intermittent regimens for the treatment of HIV-associated tuberculosis Phase: Phase III trial Population: 300 HIV positive patients with tuberculosis. Number of Sites:Four 1. Tuberculosis Research Centre, Chennai 2. Government General Hospital, Chennai 3. Gov…