Showing 101–125 of 200 documents
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Flynn MG, Rees MA, Saqib A
Australian guidelines recommend the tuberculin skin test (TST) as the preferred test for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) with interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) as a supplemental test to improve specificity. For many years the chest radiograph has been used to interpret a…
Matthew Burman, Dominik Zenner, Andrew Copas, Lara Goscé, Hassan Haghparast‐Bidgoli, et al.
<h3>Introduction</h3> The control of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a key priority in national and global strategies to eliminate tuberculosis (TB). We tested whether a novel community model of care delivered by general practitioners (family physicians) and community pha…
Thomas B Nutman, M.D.
…the lungs and can spread elsewhere in the body. People with latent TB have the bacteria that lie dormant but can become active and cause disease. These people are offered treatment to prevent development of active TB. Worldwide, a lot of people with LTBI also have a parasitic wor…
Lynn Sosa, Lloyd N. Friedman
This chapter discusses the guidance on options for treatment recommended by established national and international organizations. Generally, practitioners should follow the guidelines specified by the organization that represents the geographical location of the treatment facilit…
Akanksha Sirohi, Yash Vardhan Trivedi, Tavishi Katoch, Benjamin Walters, Vasu Bansal, et al.
…, focusing on high-risk populations, current diagnostic and treatment strategies, and the importance of addressing clinical and social determinants of health to achieve TB elimination goals.MethodsA review of the latest evidence-based guidelines and literature on TB diagnostics, …
Sharma N, Basu S, Chopra KK, Sharma P
… two healthcare workers (HCWs) in developing countries have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), an asymptomatic condition signifying persistent tubercular infection in absence of disease. Objective to evaluate the physician attitude towards LTBI preventive therapy and their per…
Anjana Dogra, Sheetal Agarwal
… Health Organisation (WHO) recommendations and updated NTEP guidelines on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB in children. Literature was identified from WHO reports, national programme guidelines and recent peer-reviewed studies focusing on molecular diagnostics, drug-…
Kaisheng Su, Ximeng Li, Zhenyu Jiang, Yifang Mei
…tor inhibitors (TNFi) has brought disruptive changes to the treatment of rheumatic diseases (RDs). The application of biological therapy represents a milestone in the tremendous progress of precision medicine. Due to the rapid advances in RD's etiology, it has been wildly reporte…
A-Dong Shen, Master
The management of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is a new priority action for the WHO End Tuberculosis (TB) Strategy. However, national guidelines on latent tuberculosis infection testing and treatment have not yet been developed in children of China. Here, we presen…
Marshall Ahearn, Carla Piedrahita, Deborah Bissette, L. Beth Gadkowski, Jussi Saukkonen, et al.
AbstractBackgroundTreatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a key component in U.S. tuberculosis control, assisted by recent improvements in LTBI diagnostics and therapeutic regimens. Effectiveness of LTBI therapy, however, is limited by patients’ willingness to both i…
Cerrone M, Bracchi M, Wasserman S, Pozniak A, Meintjes G, et al.
… Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during TB treatment improves survival in patients with advanced HIV disease. However, safety concerns related to clinically significant changes in drug exposure resulting from drug-drug interactions, development of overlapping tox…
Stewart RJ, Wortham J, Parvez F, Bamrah Morris S, Kirking HL, et al.
…creasingly unfamiliar with TB and the recommended tests and treatment for latent TB infection. Compared with adults, children who develop TB more often develop severe disease, and children < 2 years are particularly susceptible to developing TB disease after initial infection. Nu…
Rebecca F. Baggaley, Christopher Martin, Helen Eborall, Marjan Gohar, Kashif Aziz, et al.
…ive patients attending clinic, 7% had active TB and 92% had latent TB infection. 55% of active TB, 99% of latent TB, 61% of HBV, 35% of HIV and 83% of HCV infections were new diagnoses. There were high rates of linkage to care for those newly diagnosed. 98% of new latent TB patie…
Rupani MP, Balachandar R, Kharkwal G, Kulkarni NP, Modi BV, et al.
The 2021 tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment guidelines in India included silicosis as a screening group, yet latent TB infection (LTBI) testing for silica-dust-exposed individuals is underemphasized. Focusing on an estimated 52 million silica-dust-exposed workers, particularl…
Okada RC, Barry PM, Skarbinski J, Chitnis AS
…ns of TB exposures in US dialysis facilities, and published guidelines to inform screening and treatment practices among US ESRD patients. Compared to TB in the general population, ESRD patients have 6-25-fold higher TB incidence rates, and mortality during treatment is 2-3-fold …
Rickman HM, Rickman HM, Miller RF, Morris-Jones S, Kellgren L, et al.
United Kingdom guidelines recommend screening for and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in HIV-positive patients at high risk of active tuberculosis (TB) disease, but implementation is suboptimal. We investigated potential missed opportunities to identify and trea…
Ying He, Yan Deng, Hai Yi
…t reduced compared with those before the first chemotherapy treatment, and there was partial necrosis in zone II. A puncture biopsy of the left neck mass (Figure 1) demonstrated necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in lymphoid tissue, immunohistochemical staining was negative f…
Vladimir Milanov, Nikolay Yanev, Natalia Gabrovska, Denitsa Dimitrova, Elizabeta Bachiyska, et al.
Isoniazid (H; INH) is an important first-line drug for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection because of its potent early bactericidal activity against Мycobacterium tuberculosis. Currently, TB resistant to INH, alone or in combination with other drugs,…
Rebecca F Baggaley, Christopher A Martin, Helen C Eborall, Marjan Gohar, Kashif Aziz, et al.
…ing clinic, 7% (31/437) had active TB and 92% (403/437) had latent TB infection. Seventeen (55%) active TB, 397 (99%) latent TB, 71 (61%) HBV, six (35%) HIV and five (83%) HCV infections were new diagnoses. There were high rates of linkage to care for those newly diagnosed. 98% (…
Simon Christie, Jessica Potter
…er a quarter of the world’s population is estimated to have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), with 5–10% expected to develop active TB. Hepatotoxicity is a well described side-effect of anti-tuberculosis medication, often leading to disruptions in treatment. Currently, NICE g…
Rebecca F. Baggaley, Carolin Vegvari, Christian Akem Dimala, Marc Lipman, Robert F. Miller, et al.
…ims of the related manuscript: “Health economic analyses of latent tuberculosis infection screening and preventive treatment among people living with HIV in lower tuberculosis incidence settings: a systematic review”.In a systematic review, the related study assessed cost-effecti…
Ronald LA, Campbell JR, Rose C, Balshaw R, Romanowski K, et al.
Background Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment is a key component of the World Health Organization (WHO) EndTB Strategy, but the impact of LTBI screening and treatment at a population level is unclear. We aimed to estimate the impact of LTBI screening and…
Hannah Tan, Arlene Dy-Co
…is remains to be a major cause of morbidity in children and treatment of latent tuberculosis is important to prevent children from developing active tuberculosis. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness, safety, compliance, and cost of the currently available Latent Tubercu…
Mandal S, Bhatia V, Sharma M, Mandal PP, Arinaminpathy N
…ines in TB burden. The 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on eligibility for preventive therapy to treat latent TB infection (LTBI) include people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), household contacts of TB patients including children, and those with c…
Grant Theron, PhD, Balthazar Nyombi, PhD, Kidist Bobosha, PhD, Carol Holm-Hansen, PhD
…illion persons live with active TB. While the prevalence of latent TB is very high, only disease, and not latent infection, is treated in most high burdened countries. A rapid triage test for detection of active TB, which can identify symptomatic individuals who require confirma…