Showing 76–100 of 200 documents
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Fernanda Moraes, Caroline Dresch Sabadin, Carla Sakuma de Oliveira, José E. Mainart Panini
Urogenital tuberculosis is the third most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, preceded only by lymph node involvement and tuberculous pleural effusion. Its incidence ranges from 2% to 20% among individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis. In patients with hematogenous dissemi…
B Nguyen, H Thai
Abstract Introduction Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) represents one of the most devastating manifestations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, carrying high morbidity and mortality. While tuberculous meningitis is relatively common, the occurrence of the tube…
Shubham Mishra, Jeetesh Gaw, Pk Verma, Aditi Rajan
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a very common disease in developing countries. Primary tuberculosis of the sternoclavicular joint is an extremely rare disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus. Diagnosis was arrived at by clinical, radiological, and microscopic examination…
Ahmad R Ganiem, MD, PhD
Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) is the most severe manifestation of TB, resulting in death or neurological disability in up to 50% of affected patients, despite antibacterial treatment. This TBM treatment follows the model for pulmonary TB by using the same first-line TB drugs (a c…
Mohit Bhardwaj, Ayush Pandey, Dps Sudan, Suresh Koolwal
Background:Government of India's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) has startedimplementing daily fixed dose combination (FDC), anti-TB treatment regimen for drug sensitive TBpatients. This study was designed to assess the frequency, types and impactof adverse drug …
Urvashi B. Singh, Adarsh Aayilliath
Abstract Background Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a serious form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis with significant morbidity and mortality. TBM patients are treated with pulmonary tuberculosis regimen, often requiring extension for 1 year or longer. Current study was designed to…
Assiut University
…s of four first-line drugs which form the core of treatment regimens in the initial treatment phase of 6-9 months. Several reasons account for the failure of TB therapy such as (i) late diagnosis, (ii) lack of timely and proper administration of effective drugs, (iii) long treatm…
Saffar H, Sobhanian P, Alian S, Darvishnia D, Baradaran M
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which is more prevalent among immunocompromised individuals. According to the distribution of affected organs, this infection can be categorized as either pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB. Imm…
Abulfathi AA, Decloedt EH, Svensson EM, Diacon AH, Donald P, et al.
…ent to prolonged, less effective, more toxic, and expensive regimens. Because of cost and fears of toxicity, rifampicin was introduced at an oral daily dose of 600 mg (8-12 mg/kg body weight). At this dose, clinical trials in 1970s found cure rates of ≥ 95% and relapse rates of m…
Seddon JA, Tugume L, Solomons R, Prasad K, Bahr NC
…on acid fast bacilli smear, which is insensitive. Treatment regimens for TBM are based on evidence for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment, with little consideration to CSF penetration or mode of drug action required. The World Health Organization recommends a 12-month treatment cou…
Jung Ho Kim, Woon Ji Lee, Hye Seong, In Young Jung, Eun Jin Kim, et al.
…M isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, treatment regimens, and outcomes. Results A total of 117 patients (46 males vs. 71 females) were included. The median age of the patients was 54 years. There are a lot of infections associated with medical procedures like surgery,…
Mehta N, Tyagi M, Ramam M, Khaitan BK
…elines for extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Empirical treatment regimens for NTM, such as combinations of clarithromycin, doxycycline, and cotrimoxazole or fluoroquinolones, have shown promise, but there is a lack of rigorous studies to establish standardized treatments. Monitoring f…
Wasserman S, Donovan J, Kestelyn E, Watson JA, Aarnoutse RE, et al.
… 200 adults every year. Antimicrobial treatment is based on regimens used for pulmonary tuberculosis, which overlooks important differences between lung and brain drug distributions. Tuberculous meningitis has a profound inflammatory component, yet only adjunctive corticosteroids…
Jinyoung Yang, Jae-Hoon Ko, Sun Young Cho, Cheol-In Kang, Doo Ryeon Chung, et al.
…ched to three non-SOTR controls treated with rifampin-based regimens. The primary outcome was treatment completion without early relapse. Logistic regression with and without overlap weighting was used for analysis. **RESULTS:** Forty SOTRs and 120 non-SOTRs were analyzed. Basel…
H A Naseem, M Zubairi, A B Zubairi
…n clinical presentation, imaging, biopsy results, treatment regimens, and outcomes were collected and reported. Results The study included a total of four patients, all of whom were female. Ages ranged from 20 to 57 years, with three patients aged between 20 and 28 years. The com…
Parra-Villamil JM, Ramos-Ospina N, Montes-Tello SA, Torres-Morales AV, Moreno-Turriago M, et al.
…inherent drug resistance, the need for prolonged antibiotic regimens and the complexities associated with surgical management. Although these infections are infrequent in daily clinical practice, detailed information on associated clinical outcomes is lacking in the local literat…
Abd Wahab NS, Rajaratnam N, Wan Hitam WH, Ngoo QZ, Mohamad SA
Atypical optic neuritis and posterior scleritis can indicate extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . We present a rare case of bilateral atypical optic neuritis accompanied by posterior scleritis secondary to TB. A 36-year-old gentleman presented w…
Kumar K, Mathew JL
In September 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a new guideline for the management of tuberculosis (TB) in children and adolescents. It included eight new recommendations. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) has been designated as the preferred initial diagnostic t…
Ning Li, Xuan Wang, Qihui Liu, Hailan Wu, Yuanbo Lan, et al.
Abstract Background Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS TB), including tuberculous meningitis, is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates [1]. Contezolid, a next-generation oxazolidinone antibiotic, has shown comparable efficacy to linezolid but with a signifi…
S K Sharma, V Upadhyay, A Mohan, J Rangineni, K Dwivedi, et al.
Abstract Rationale Sparse published nationwide data from India, very few global longitudinal studies are available regarding treatment outcomes of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. Methods In this prospective observational study (2021-2025), culture-confirmed NTM-pulmon…
Matthew Smyth, Monica Diaz, Deanna Saylor
…d prognostic utility and clinical trials demonstrating that regimens of oral lipid nanocrystal formulation and a single dose of liposomal formulation of amphotericin B maintain clinical efficacy with improved side effect profiles. An ongoing clinical trial of ceftriaxone for trea…
Gonzalo Alvarez, MD
…l therapies that can be added to the existing antimicrobial regimens in order to reduce the number of people dying from TB. One of these therapies would be the addition of prednisone, an oral steroid, to the standard TB treatment regimen. Steroids have been shown to be useful in …
O.M. Shvets, О.С. Шевченко
Objective. To assess the dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism indices during the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with the use of pathogenetic therapy
 Materials and methods. We examined 40 patients with newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis with bila…
Rupam Kumar T.A, Samim Khan, Pronoy Sen, SourindraNath Banerjee
Globally, an estimated 10.0 million people developed Tuberculosis in 2017. Side effects and toxicity of the first line anti-tubercular drugs were hepatotoxicity, skin rash, and joint pain. If hepatotoxicity develops on reintroduction of treatment with the same regimen, then treat…
Hongfei Duan, MD
The genetically polymorphic N-acetyltransferase type 2 (NAT2) is responsible for isoniazid metabolism, and rapid acetylators were associated with low concentrations of isoniazid based on previous studies. The investigators hypothesize that among rapid acetylators high dose isonia…