Showing 51–75 of 200 documents
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Vinayak Talwar, Abhishek Sadasivan
…on, malnutrition and crowded living conditions. People with HIV are 18 times more likely to develop TB than those without HIV, making them particularly vulnerable to the disease.[2] According to the WHO’s Global TB Report 2022, Asia accounted for 59% of all new TB cases and 63% o…
Singh A, Prasad R, Balasubramanian V, Gupta N
…idered a potential obstacle for elimination of TB globally. HIV coinfection with M/XDR-TB further complicates the scenario, and is a potential threat with challenging management. Reports have shown poor outcomes and alarmingly high mortality rates among people living with HIV (PL…
Kashongwe IM, Mawete F, Mbulula L, Nsuela DJ, Losenga L, et al.
…R TB patients. In the eligible group, 3 patients (9.4%) had HIV-TB coinfections. The therapeutic success rate was 53.2%, and the mortality rate was 46.8% (15/32); there were no relapses, failures or losses to follow-up. All coinfected HIV-TB patients died during treatment. The cu…
Zhang SX, Miao FY, Yang J, Zhou WT, Lv S, et al.
…ect ASIR and ASMR. Results In 2021, the global ASIR for all HIV-negative TB was 103.00 per 100,000 population [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 92.21, 114.91 per 100,000 population], declining by 0.40% (95% UI: - 0.43, - 0.38%) compared to 1990. The global ASMR was 13.96 per 100,00…
Natália Rocha Almeida, Caio Azevedo Lima, Natália Lopes de Freitas, Fabiana Brandão
People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at greater risk of infection and development of tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In Brazil, the high mortality rate is identified precisely on the occasion of coinfection and it can actively lead to severe complications. This …
World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia
…illion people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the Region, roughly half are estimated to be coinfected with TB. There are nearly 130 000 new MDR-TB cases each year. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has been isolated in samples from six countri…
Xue Y, Zhou J, Wang P, Lan JH, Lian WQ, et al.
…ge-standardized incidence, DALYs, and deaths rate in TB and HIV/AIDS-infected TB over the past 30 years. Also, GBD 2019 not only analyzed the burden distribution of TB in 204 countries and main regions of the world but also analyzed the relationship between the burden of global T…
Ghosh S, Breitscheidel L, Lazarevic N, Martin A, Hafkin J, et al.
…nsively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), 66 (33%) out of 202 had HIV co-infection and 34 (17%) out of 202 were children aged between 6 and 17 years. Of those patients who were culture positive at delamanid treatment initiation and who completed 24 weeks of delamanid treatment in combi…
Gao W, Chen X, Yao L, Li J, Gao Y, et al.
…o identify risk factors for DR-TB and its relationship with HIV/AIDS. To establish the resistance to antituberculosis drugs, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using culture-positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples collected from people of the Yi ethnic group from Mar…
Mbewana Ntshanka NG, Msagati TAM
… immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) are among the infectious diseases that cause high rates of mortality worldwide. The epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in correlation to people that live with TB and HIV has not been th…
de Colombani, Pierpaolo, Veen, Jaap
…rug-resistant TB (MDR-TB/XDR-TB) cases, the acceleration of HIV co-infection and high nosocomial TB transmission. The report of the review includes 14 recommendations made to the Government, the Ministry of Health and its partners.
Singh P, Saket VK, Kachhi R
… lead to relapse or its escalation to MDR / XDR-TB. TB with HIV co-infection is difficult to diagnose by conventional set-up. Also, detection of child TB and extrapulmonary TB has its own set of problems and is not straightforward to diagnose. The increasing complexity of TB due …
Riccardi N, Alagna R, Saderi L, Ferrarese M, Castellotti P, et al.
…nstitute (Milan) and at the Reference Center for MDR-TB and HIV-TB, Eugenio Morelli Hospital (Sondalo). The supra-national Reference Laboratory in Milan performed DST. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 18 and culture-confirmed diagnosis of MDR- or pre-XDR TB. Chi-square or Fisher ex…
Oliveira O, Gaio R, Correia-Neves M, Rito T, Duarte R
… rate was 18.4% among MDR- and 23.9% among XDR-TB patients. HIV infection (OR 4.55; 95% CI 2.31-8.99; p < 0.001) and resistance to one or more second-line injectable drugs (OR 2.73; 95% CI 1.26-5.92; p = 0.011) were independently associated with death among MDR-TB patients. HIV i…
Riccardi N, Pontarelli A, Alagna R, Saderi L, Ferrarese M, et al.
…a (Milan, Italy) and at the Reference Center for MDR-TB and HIV-TB, Eugenio Morelli Hospital ASST (Sondalo, Italy). All data were made anonymous. Qualitative and quantitative variables were collected in an ad hoc electronic database. The statistical software used for all computat…
Human Sciences Research Council
…the world's population of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infected individuals. It has been estimated that approximately 60% of people with TB are co-infected with HIV (WHO 2012). Co-infected individuals have almost double the chances of getting mu…
Nkurunziza J, Karstaedt AS, Louw R, Padanilam X
…t outcomes in patients with pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB in a high HIV prevalence area were compared. Methods A retrospective medical record review was conducted of patients with pulmonary pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB managed from 2008 to 2010 at Sizwe Tropical Disease Hospital, Johannesburg, …
Sri Rahayu, Nilna Sa’adatar Rohmah, Aufiena Nur Ayu Merzistya
…ards. This is an effort to control co-infection disease (TB-HIV), MDR, and XDR-TB, and prevention of treatment drop-outs. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between a
Clement Shiluli, Collins Ouma, Jeremiah Khayumbi, Wilfred Murithi, Albert Ochieng, et al.
… (TB) and 1.4 million deaths occurred, 400 000 of whom were HIV-positive. Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 81% of these cases. In western Kenya, current data on the distribution of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) mutations is not available. The association of gene mutations …
Thembile Zini, Urgent Tsuro, Lindiwe Modest Faye, Ncomeka Sineke, Monwabisi Faleni
…e in South Africa, particularly in rural settings with high HIV co-infection rates. Understanding predictors of treatment response among people living with HIV is essential for improving clinical management and programmatic outcomes. This study aimed to identify socio-demographic…
Guida M, Tammaro C, Quaranta M, Salvucci B, Biava M, et al.
…XDR) strains, fueled by the length of anti-TB treatment and HIV comorbidity. Innovative anti-TB agents acting with new modes of action are the only solution to counteract the spread of resistant infections. To escape starvation and survive inside macrophages, Mtb has evolved to b…
Sonisha Gupta, Ankur Porwal, Atul Gupta
…ed PTB patients above 12yrs were taken. Patients with EPTB, HIV positive, MDR TB, XDR TB were excluded from the study. At the end of study treatment outcome was evaluated. Total of 208 patients diagnosed as tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. 6 patients died during course of…
Sandip Mandal, Sreenivas Achuthan Nair, Suvanand Sahu, Lucica Diţiu, Carel Pretorius
…l TB service delivery, including diagnostics, treatment, TB-HIV co-infection interventions and research initiatives critical to eradicating TB. This study analyses the dependency of and potential impact of funding cuts to 26 high-burden TB countries (HBCs). We modelled three reco…
Natalya Karpina, Artem Dudchenko, Е. Е. Ларионова, Atadzhan Ergeshov
<b>Introduction:</b> Fast spread of HIV infection makes the prognosis of HIV/TB co-infection unfavourable. Therefore, it is important to establish the etiological factor for TB verification, drug resistance determination, and commencement of adequate TB treatment. <b>Aim:</b> To …
Diana Ivanova, Borisov Se, N. Nikolenko, Sergey Kosenkov
…icant comorbidities in MDR-TB patients. <b>Methods:</b> 148 HIV-negative MDR-TB pts (76.4% male, 18-78 y. o.; 79.1% re-treated cases; 62.2% XDR-TB) were treated accordingly WHO recommendations (2018) and followed for a median 104 wks. The frequency of comorbidities and their rela…