Showing 51–75 of 200 documents
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Kendra Brett, Camille Dulong, Melissa Severn
…ion of TB bacteria.Individuals with TB are categorized into latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB disease., LTBI refers to an individual who has the M. tuberculosis infection in which the bacteria are alive but are not currently causing active TB disease. Persons with LTBI do …
Brett K, Dulong C, Severn M
…on of TB bacteria. Individuals with TB are categorized into latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB disease., LTBI refers to an individual who has the M. tuberculosis infection in which the bacteria are alive but are not currently causing active TB disease. Persons with LTBI do …
Bar-Meir M, Pariente G, Romem A, Wiener-Well Y
Objective Official guidelines recommend tuberculosis (TB) screening programmes for all healthcare workers (HCWs), along with offering treatment when latent TB infection (LTBI) is diagnosed. However, adherence to treatment among HCWs is lower compared with non-HCWs. The aim of the…
Richard E. Chaisson, MD, Susan Swindells, MBBS
… At the time the study was designed, the standard course of treatment for TB was 6 to 9 months of isoniazid (INH).This study compared the safety and effectiveness of a 4-week regimen of rifapentine (RPT) plus INH versus a standard 9-month regimen of INH in HIV-infected people who…
Dobler CC, Bosnic-Anticevich S, Armour CL
…was to explore the views of tuberculosis (TB) physicians on treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI), focusing on decision making and communication in clinical practice. 20 Australian TB physicians participated in a semistructured interview in person or over the telephone. Intervi…
O'Connell J, Oguntuase J, McConkey S, de Barra E
…on It is estimated that 24.8% of the world's population has latent TB. The World Health Organization's (WHO) End TB Strategy states that the systematic identification and management of LTBI in groups of people at high risk of reactivation is an essential part of TB elimination in…
Marais BJ
…d TB, but the establishment of functional TB prevention and treatment programs for children remains challenging. Barriers to TB prevention include: 1) non-implementation of existing guidelines, 2) perceived inability to rule out active TB with fear of creating drug resistance and…
Christoph Lange, MD, PhD
…ct aims to improve the individual patient management and TB treatment outcomes, especially for patients with drug-resistant TB and/or co-morbidities. The study will be conducted in a co-operation between the Marius Nasta Institute, Division of Infectious Diseases \& Tropical Medi…
Sachin Atre
…o years after diagnosis of the index case.[3] TB preventive treatment (TPT) is recommended for all groups who may have the latent TB infection. These include children below and >5 years of age, adolescents, and adult household contacts. TPT remains a vital component of the active…
David Pride, Maria Gennaro, Michael Lauzardo, Niaz Banaei, Nahed Ismail, et al.
…tb) becomes ill. Therefore two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection (LTBI) and TB disease. People with latent TB infection are not ill and do not present TB symptoms or have TB disease. The only sign of TB infection is a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test …
Bedingfield N, Barss L, Oxlade O, Menzies D, Fisher D
Setting Identification, assessment, and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI), collectively known as the LTBI cascade of care, is critical for TB prevention. Objective The objective of this research, conducted within the ACT4 trial, was to assess and strengthen the LTBI cascade…
Kampmann B, Seddon JA, Paton J, Nademi Z, Keane D, et al.
…ays (IGRA) to the tuberculin skin test (TST) in its 2006 TB guidelines. Treatment for TB infection was no longer recommended for children who screened TST-positive but IGRA-negative. Objectives We performed a cohort study to evaluate the risk of TB disease in this group. Methods …
Brett K, Dulong C, Severn M
…xtrapulmonary TB). Individuals with TB are categorized into latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB disease., LTBI refers to an individual whom does not have TB disease and may not possess any symptoms but has the M. tuberculosis infection. Persons with LTBI cannot spread TB inf…
Karishma Saran, Tiziana Masini, Isaac Chikwanha, Gregory Paton, Rosalind Scourse, et al.
…e a subset of 23 key policies in diagnosis, models of care, treatment, prevention, and drug regulation to provide a snapshot of national TB policy adoption and implementation. We examine progress since an analogous 2015 survey of 23 of the same countries. Results At the time of t…
Francesca Montagnani, PhD, MD
…Australia) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB - active or latent) in pediatric subjects (0 and 17 year)s recently exposed to infection (indicated as "contacts") or with clinical suspicion of active TB, and to compare the results obtained with those of the TuberculinSkin Test (T…
Zolelwa Sifumba
…d by mycobacteria that are resistant to standard first-line treatment, typically isoniazid and rifampicin (Seung et al., 2015). In 2023, MDR-TB caused an estimated 150,000 deaths globally, and over half of the global number of patients with MDR-TB were based in five countries: In…
David S.C. Hui, Chi Chiu Leung
…ion highlights the importance for developing more effective treatment modalities in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. In this contemporary concise review, articles related to these common respiratory infections and TB published recently in Respirology and selected articles…
Medrano BA, Lee M, Gemeinhardt G, Yamba L, Restrepo BI
…mycobacteria (although less lung cavitations) in OA. During treatment, OA had less drug-resistant TB, few adverse reactions and adhered with TB treatment. We recommend training healthcare workers to 'think TB' in OA, for prompt treatment initiation to diminish deaths. Furthermore…
Yamile Zabana Abdo, R de Francisco, Iago Rodríguez–Lago, María Chaparro, Fernando Gomollón, et al.
…n of a patient in the INFEII registry, (2) the incidence of latent TB; and (3) compliance with national and European recommendations. Methods A longitudinal prospective study of incident cases with IBD, initiated in October 2016 and with a planned follow-up of 5 years. In Septemb…
Mehtani NJ, Puryear S, Pham P, Dooley KE, Shah M
…e with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). The diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI) and treatment with TB preventative therapy (TPT) can reduce morbidity and mortality in this population. Historically, isoniazid has been recommended for TPT in PWH due to the absence of drug-dr…
Cynthia Bin Eng Chee, David S.C. Hui
…bration, we present an opinion on advances in diagnosis and treatment of these common respiratory infections. Influenza and CAP continue to be important. The availability of pneumococcal vaccines and multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCR) has led to a decreasing incidence of …
Winter JR, Stagg HR, Smith CJ, Lalor MK, Davidson JA, et al.
Background HIV increases the progression of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection to active disease and contributed to increased TB in the UK until 2004. We describe temporal trends in HIV infection amongst patients with TB and identify factors associated with HIV infection. Methods…
Luke Stickler, Emily N. Drwiega, Diane McKelvey, Tommy Windt, Scott Borgetti, et al.
…study investigated TB screening incidence, detection, & treatment (tx) practices of PWH in custody within the Illinois Department of Corrections (IDOC).Table 1:DemographicsTable 1 depicts subject demographics such as gender, age, HIV RNA and CD4 information, and risk factors …
Yoopetch P, Anothaisintawee T, Gunasekara ADM, Jittikoon J, Udomsinprasert W, et al.
…f three network meta-analyses (NMA) examining the efficacy, treatment completion, and adverse events associated with all latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatments, there is currently no evidence to support the notion that the benefits of these treatments outweigh the potent…
Swinkels HM, Jilani TN, Tobin EH
…tory. Long considered an infection without a known cause or treatment, disease understanding has rapidly progressed. Robert Koch discovered the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium (Mtb) in 1882, and, just over 100 years later, its complete genome sequence was mapped. Today, cont…