Showing 51–75 of 102 documents
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Kia P, Ruman U, Pratiwi AR, Hussein MZ
Tuberculosis (TB), derived from bacterium named Mycobacterium tuberculosis , has become one of the worst infectious and contagious illnesses in the world after HIV/AIDS. Long-term therapy, a high pill burden, lack of compliance, and strict management regimens are disadvantages wh…
Mandal M, Pires D, Catalão MJ, Azevedo-Pereira JM, Anes E
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment relies primarily on 70-year-old drugs, and prophylaxis suffers from the lack of an effective vaccine. Among the 10 million people exhibiting disease symptoms yearly, 450,000 have multidrug or extensively drug-resistant (MDR or XDR) TB. A greater unders…
Shaik J, Pillay M, Moodley J, Jeena P
…ective TB control strategies and development of efficacious vaccines.
Thu NQ, Tien NTN, Yen NTH, Duong TH, Long NP, et al.
The spread of tuberculosis (TB), especially multidrug-resistant TB and extensively drug-resistant TB, has strongly motivated the research and development of new anti-TB drugs. New strategies to facilitate drug combinations, including pharmacokinetics-guided dose optimization and …
Sheikh BA, Bhat BA, Mehraj U, Mir W, Hamadani S, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a prominent infective disease and a major reason of mortality/ morbidity globally. Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes a long-lasting latent infection in a significant proportion of human population. The increasing burden of tuberculosis is mainly caused due to…
Anjali Saxena, Summer Bhagra, Shuvayoo Das, Naveen Kaushik, Biswajit Saha
TB remains a significant global health burden due to protracted therapeutic courses, poor patient compliance, and toxicities associated with drug treatment, as well as concerns arising from increasingly prevalent multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of M. tu…
Merchant SA, Shaikh MJS, Nadkarni P
…le with a strategy combining better diagnostics, drugs, and vaccines to detect and treat both latent and active infection. The availability of rapid and highly sensitive diagnostic tools (Gene-Xpert, TB-Quick) will vastly facilitate population-level identification of TB (includin…
Braunstein M, Hickey AJ, Ekins S
…oupled with scientific ingenuity will lead to new drugs and vaccines, in the meantime 4000 people die daily from TB. Thus, efforts to improve existing TB drugs should also be prioritized. Improved efficacy and decreased dose and associated toxicity of existing drugs would transla…
Kumar S, Sharma C, Kaushik SR, Kulshreshtha A, Chaturvedi S, et al.
The widespread availability and use of modern synthetic therapeutic agents have led to a massive decline in ethnomedical therapies. However, these synthetic agents often possess toxicity leading to various adverse effects. For instance, anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) is toxic, l…
Khameneh B, Iranshahy M, Vahdati-Mashhadian N, Sahebkar A, Fazly Bazzaz BS
…stant (XDR-TB) species. Additionally, the lack of effective vaccines is another limitation to control the related infections. To overcome these problems various approaches have been pursued such as finding novel drug candidates with a new mechanism of action or repurposing conven…
Birhanu AG, Yimer SA, Kalayou S, Riaz T, Zegeye ED, et al.
Multiple regulatory mechanisms including post-translational modifications (PTMs) confer complexity to the simpler genomes and proteomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). PTMs such as glycosylation play a significant role in Mtb adaptive processes. The glycoproteomic patterns o…
Cui ZJ, Zhang WT, Zhu Q, Zhang QY, Zhang HY
… controlled in the early 20th century using antibiotics and vaccines, TB has again become a threat because of increased drug resistance. There is still a lack of effective treatment regimens for a person who is already infected with multidrug-resistant Mtb (MDR-Mtb) or extensivel…
Vilchèze C, Weinrick B, Leung LW, Jacobs WR Jr
Worldwide control of the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic has not been achieved, and the latest statistics show that the TB problem might be more endemic than previously thought. Although drugs and a TB vaccine are available, TB eradication faces the challenges of increasing occurrence…
Yang E, Yang R, Guo M, Huang D, Wang W, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) has become the most deadly infectious diseases due to epidemics of HIV/AIDS and multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant TB (MDR-/XDR-TB). Although person-to-person transmission contributes to MDR-TB, it remains unknown whether infection with MDR strains r…
Alotaibi B, Yassin Y, Mushi A, Maashi F, Thomas A, et al.
Background Given the inherent characteristics of the Hajj pilgrimage, the event is a risk for tuberculosis (TB) infection. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of TB cases by knowledgeable and skilled healthcare workers (HCWs) are key in improving patients' outcome and prev…
Bhandari J, Thada PK, Hashmi MF, DeVos E
…rts have been renewed. Recently developed typhoid conjugate vaccines, improved surveillance and understanding of antimicrobial resistance patterns, and WASH initiatives have decreased the disease burden. This activity covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, managemen…
… essential antibiotics, and research and development of new vaccines and antibiotics. There are serious data gaps in many low-income settings, emphasising the need to expand microbiology laboratory capacity and data collection systems to improve our understanding of this importan…
Mingming Zhang, Yuan Tian, Bingrui Gao, Xiaojuan Qin, Qi Shen, et al.
This comprehensive interpretation of the World Health Organization’s Global Tuberculosis (TB) Report 2025 integrates data from 2024 to appraise worldwide and Chinese TB epidemic trends, progress in control measures, and persisting challenges. The estimated 10.7 million incident c…
Majani Edward, Ameh Wisdom Owoicho
…evelopment and widespread deployment of highly effective TB vaccines (such as M72/AS01E and MTBVAC), and comprehensive strategies to combat drug resistance (including shorter, all-oral regimens like BPaL/BPaLM). We also highlight the importance of strengthening healthcare systems…
Muhammad Akram, Abid Mahmood, Mohammed Khudhair Hasan, Isaac John Umaru, Hind A. Abdulghafoor, et al.
With an estimated 10 million cases and over one million fatalities annually, TB is still one of the most significant infectious illnesses affecting worldwide public health, mostly in low- and middle-income nations. Mainly affecting the lungs (pulmonary TB), Mycobacterium tubercul…
Tanvi Kadiri, Kathryn Wilwohl, Prof. Virgel Torremocha, Jothsna Kethar
Tuberculosis (TB) stands as the leading cause of death from an infectious agent worldwide, with a high fatality rate. It is primarily transmitted through the airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) from an infected patient to a healthy individual. Annually, millions of people…
Rahnuma Ahmad, Susmita Sinha, Kona Chowdhury, Mainul Haque
…ases and deaths, respectively.[6-8] However, antitubercular vaccines and antitubercular medications are available for over 90 and 60 years, respectively.[9] Antitubercular medication regimens require a minimum of 6–24 months of medication with rifampicin and three more drugs, suc…
Vaishali N. Pardeshi, Tushar Lokhande, Khemchand R. Surana, Ashwini Shelke, Yogita B. Thombare
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a significant public health issue across the world, especially with the advent of multidrug-resistant TB. The incapacity of humans to manage this illness derives from the fact that formerly successful TB vaccinations and treatments are no longer effecti…
Zafran Khan, Daniya Ualiyeva, Khalid Jamal, Babar Ali, Fayaz Ahmad, et al.
…atment, mainly emphasizing the anti-tubercular drugs and/or vaccines that could potentially control the spread of TB to manage the associated health issue. To date, more than 20 anti-tubercular drugs have been developed and used at various stages of TB. The current review aims to…
Ratnakar Dutt Shukla, Susheel K. Singh
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease and it is considered as an airborne bacterial disease. The causative bacteria for tuberculosis are the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. In TB, lungs are the primary affected organ in body ((pulmonary TB) but other organs of the body ca…