Showing 1–25 of 200 documents
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Cobelens F, Nagelkerke N, Fletcher H
Although several factors are known to increase the risk of tuberculosis, the occurrence of tuberculosis disease in an infected individual is difficult to predict. We hypothesize that active human cytomegalovirus infection due to recent infection, reinfection or reactivation plays…
Menzies NA, Parriott A, Shrestha S, Dowdy DW, Cohen T, et al.
…n. We conducted a comparative analysis of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology and potential intervention effects in California, using three previously developed epidemiologic models of TB. Objectives: To compare the influence of various modeling methods and assumptions on epidemiologi…
Guthrie JL, Ronald LA, Cook VJ, Johnston J, Gardy JL
…d other demographic factors refines our understanding of TB epidemiology and local TB transmission. Background Population-level TB surveillance programs and research studies in low incidence settings often report all persons born outside the country in which the study is conducte…
Dhawan V, Bown J, Lau A, Langlois-Klassen D, Kunimoto D, et al.
The epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in high-income countries is increasingly dictated by immigration. The influence of this trend on paediatric TB and TB elimination are not well defined. We undertook a 25-year conventional and molecular epidemiologic study of paediatric TB in …
Nomfanelo Maenetje, Matthew Oladimeji, Mandla Mlotshwa, Daniel Hoft, Christina Lindan, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Studying individuals who do not get infected with tuberculosis (TB) despite being persistently exposed to infectious TB may enable us to identify TB protective mechanisms. **METHODS:** Between Apr 2015 and Apr 2017, we recruited adult household contacts (HHCs) …
Boucaid A, Zegmout A, Bhairis M, Amraoui M, Laaraje A, et al.
Background Among occupational hazards in healthcare settings, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) ranks as a major concern, particularly threatening healthcare workers (HCWs) in nations grappling with intermediate to high tuberculosis (TB) rates. Our study was conducted in Moroc…
Kasuya S, Imai A, Uchimura K, Ohkado A, Kawatsu L
Objective This study aims to compare the epidemiology of notifications of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among Japan-born and foreign-born children in Japan between 2010 and 2020, and to assess the language used during LTBI case interviews with parents or caregivers of fore…
Guthrie JL, Kong C, Roth D, Jorgensen D, Rodrigues M, et al.
Background Understanding regional molecular epidemiology allows for the development of more efficient tuberculosis prevention strategies in low-incidence settings. Methods We analyzed 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) ge…
Obaldía N 3rd, Nuñez M, Montilla S, Otero W, Marin JC
…le to TB than other NHPs. Here we present the diagnosis and epidemiology of a TB outbreak at The Gorgas Memorial Institute Aotus colony in Panama, and the results of two cross-sectional randomized TB screening studies, using antibody (Ab) and IFN-gamma release assay testing. Resu…
Yun Choi, Su Jin Park, Hee Seon An, Hyun Mi Kim, Ji Yeon Yoo, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in congregate settings such as schools, where adolescents are at increased risk transmission. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, transmission dynamics, an…
Guthrie JL, Strudwick L, Roberts B, Allen M, McFadzen J, et al.
…Qualitative data indicated that participants viewed genomic epidemiology as a useful tool to streamline investigations, particularly in differentiating latent TB reactivation from the recent transmission. Based on this, genomic data could be used to enhance CIs, focus resources, …
Okada RC, Barry PM, Skarbinski J, Chitnis AS
…ng end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. We reviewed the epidemiology of TB and ESRD, investigations of TB exposures in US dialysis facilities, and published guidelines to inform screening and treatment practices among US ESRD patients. Compared to TB in the general population…
Meumann EM, Horan K, Ralph AP, Farmer B, Globan M, et al.
Background The Northern Territory (NT) has the highest tuberculosis (TB) rate of all Australian jurisdictions. We combined TB public health surveillance data with genomic sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the tropical 'Top End' of the NT to investigate trends i…
Gaifer Z, Alharbi L, Jafar HK, Alharbi SA, Demyati MW, et al.
Objectives To investigate the epidemiology of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and associated risk factors among adults in Al-Madinah, KSA, and to identify vulnerable populations for targeted interventions. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Pr…
Chitnis AS, Cheung R, Gish RG, Wong RJ
…d with treatment and vaccination, respectively. We reviewed epidemiology and guidelines for TB and CHB to inform strategies for reducing United States (U.S.) burden of both infections. Non-U.S.-born, compared to U.S.-born, persons have a 15-, 6-, and 8-fold higher TB incidence an…
Domínguez Á, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Parrón I, Millet JP, et al.
In countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, the systematic testing and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in contacts of pulmonary TB index cases is the standard of care. The objective of this study, conducted in Catalonia over 2019-2021, was to assess the factors ass…
García Porrúa C, Maceiras Pan FJ, Mosquera Martínez JA, Carmona L, Correa Rey B, et al.
Patients with severe forms of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) usually require treatment with biological agents. A greater knowledge of this subgroup of patients and their treatment enables better decision making in real clinical practice. Methods Longitudinal, multicentric observationa…
Rajwinder Kaur, Varsha Sharma, Anju Kumari
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB), a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is an under-recognized but significant cause of female infertility, particularly in developing countries. It primarily spreads through the hematogenous route and …
Salas-Coronas J, Cabezas-Fernández MT, Lozano-Serrano AB, Soriano-Pérez MJ, Vázquez-Villegas J, et al.
The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile, clinical characteristics, and microbiological findings in African immigrants newly arrived to Spain attended at a specialized reference unit from October 2004 to February 2017. A common protocol for the screening o…
Palacios-Gutiérrez JJ, Rodríguez-Guardado A, Arias-Guillén M, Alonso-Arias R, Palacios-Penedo S, et al.
Background The clinical and epidemiological implications of abnormal immune responses in COVID-19 for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening are unclear. Methods We reviewed QuantiFERON TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) results (36,709 patients) from July 2016 until October 2021 in…
Placeres AF, de Almeida Soares D, Delpino FM, Moura HSD, Scholze AR, et al.
…stitute to assess "What are the scientific evidences on the epidemiology of TB in the prison system?". Then, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the prevalence of TB (active and latent) TB in prisoners. The results are presented as prevalence, in percentage, through random ef…
Justen T Despain, John L Kiley, Mary B Ford
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnosing TB in service members can be a challenge given the overall low incidence but increased risk of exposure that accompanies military travel, training and activities. Here we describe…
Topluoglu S, Taylan-Ozkan A, Alp E
…es risk factors for TB is a primary driver of changes in TB epidemiology during wars and disasters. A TB preparedness plan should include a coordination mechanism, pre-assessment of data such as TB prevalence and incidence, drug-resistance status, prevailing major biological and …
Sinha A, Joshi A
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most widespread and infectious diseases in the world, which is brought on by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Most infection lacks traditional signs. Latent TB is the name given to this ailment. Of these latent infections, 10% become active and ca…
Lu Y, Cai G, Liu Y, He F, Aoyagi K
This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological features of reported tuberculosis (TB) infections in a western prefecture (Nagasaki Prefecture) from 2007 to 2018, and to identify the high-risk group for TB infection. The characteristics of 12 years of reported TB infections f…