Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Stadler JAM, Maartens G, Meintjes G, Wasserman S
…the first-choice option for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Clofazimine, long used in the treatment of leprosy, is one such repurposed drug that has become a cornerstone of DR-TB treatment and ongoing trials are exploring novel, shorter clofazimine-containin…
Jo KW, Kim M, Kim YJ, Lee HK, Kim HK, et al.
…n the result of MTBDR plus assay in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This prospective, multicenter non-inferiority randomized trial was conducted at 12 referral centers in South Korea in drug-susceptible PTB patients who initiated the standard four-drug regimen for PTB…
Lanni A, Iacobino A, Fattorini L, Giannoni F
The lungs of tuberculosis (TB) patients contain a spectrum of granulomatous lesions, ranging from solid and well-vascularized cellular granulomas to avascular caseous granulomas. In solid granulomas, current therapy kills actively replicating (AR) intracellular bacilli, while in …
Prajapati AC, Shah T, Panchal S, Joshi B, Shringarpure K, et al.
Background and aim The National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) has been progressive in addressing the issues related to tuberculosis (TB) control in the country, with constant programmatic changes based on evidence available from operational research. Our objectives were…
Janmejaya Samal, Ranjit Kumar Dehury, M Benson Thomas, Hari Singh
…fe, low medication adherence, progression to drug-resistant tuberculosis, and ultimately, mortality. **OBJECTIVES:** This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression in TB patients and identify the predictors of depression in this population in India. **METHODS:…
Heda Melinda Nataprawira, Intan M W Dewi, I Gusti Agung Ayu Novi Wiraningrat, Citra Cesilia
**INTRODUCTION:** Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) causes health problems among pulmonary TB (PTB) survivors. Post-TB patients may suffer from chronic respiratory symptoms, declining lung function, and persistent radiological abnormalities. However, studies regarding PTLD in…
Benito P, Vashakidze S, Gogishvili S, Nikolaishvili K, Despuig A, et al.
…-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and to assess its change after a therapeutic surgical procedure. In this scenario, the purpose was to elucidate and quantify the effect of various demographic, epidemiological, clinical, surgical and ps…
Allué-Guardia A, García JI, Torrelles JB
…tremely (XXDR) and total (TDR) drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) strains have emerged as a threat to public health worldwide, stressing the need to develop new tuberculosis (TB) prevention and treatment strategies. It is estimated that in the next 35 years, drug-…
Siame L, Chembe E, Muchaili L, Hamooya BM, Masenga SK
Tuberculosis (TB) mortality remains a significant public health concern globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis-related deaths and associated factors among patients at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) Chest Clinic, Zambia. We conducte…
Charalambous S, Maraba N, Jennings L, Rabothata I, Cogill D, et al.
…t completion and higher loss to follow-up among people with tuberculosis (PWTB). Medication monitors have shown some evidence of improved adherence. Methods We conducted a cluster randomised trial in 18 primary health clinics in South Africa between May 2019-February 2022. Person…
…escribe the incidence of hepatotoxicity occurring with anti-tuberculosis medications, management of DILI, and re-initiation of therapy. Methods Adult patients prescribed pyrazinamide during their hospital stay at Long Island Jewish Medical Center were screened for inclusion crite…
Tadesse AW, Mganga A, Dube TN, Alacapa J, van Kalmthout K, et al.
…nologies (DATs) can offer alternative approaches to support tuberculosis treatment medication adherence. Evidence on their feasibility and acceptability in high TB burden settings is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among adults with drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-…
Campodónico VL, Rifat D, Chuang YM, Ioerger TR, Karakousis PC
Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) rpoB mutations are associated with global metabolic remodeling. However, the net effects of rpoB mutations on Mtb physiology, metabolism and function are not completely understood. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that changes i…
Loveday M, Gandhi NR, Khan PY, Theron G, Hlangu S, et al.
…ssessments to explore potential mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission to the infant, and to describe the clinical presentation and disease trajectories observed in infants diagnosed with TB. Findings Among 101 mother-infant pairs, 23 (23%) included infants diagnos…
Y L Lew, M M D Goroh, S T Yerkovich, A M H Seow, G S Rajahram, et al.
**OBJECTIVES:** Addressing drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a priority of the tuberculosis (TB) programme. People with DR-TB frequently have worse outcomes and require more costly and complex management, compared with those with drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB). Our study examined…
Riccardi N, Occhineri S, Vanino E, Antonello RM, Pontarelli A, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and pulmonary TB (PTB) is the main variant responsible for fueling transmission of the infection. Effective treatment of drug-susceptible (DS) TB is crucial to avoid the emergence of Mycobact…
Karki M, Kantipudi K, Yang F, Yu H, Wang YXJ, et al.
Classification of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) from chest radiographs remains an open problem. Our previous cross validation performance on publicly available chest X-ray (CXR) data combined with image augmentation, the addition of s…
Deng L, Wang Q, Liu H, Jiang Y, Xu M, et al.
Background Tuberculosis (TB), mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), remains a serious public health problem. Increasing evidence supports that selective evolution is an important force affecting genomic determinants of Mtb phenotypes. It is necessary to further und…
Tsabedze BS, Habedi DSK
…watini is one of the countries affected by malnutrition and tuberculosis (TB) and some cases remained untreated. These two conditions are major public health problems. Aim This study aimed to explore and describe caregivers' experiences and practices of children's nutrition durin…
Khan A, Abbas M, Verma S, Verma S, Rizvi AA, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major infectious disease affecting individuals worldwide. Current TB treatment strategy recommends the standard short-course chemotherapy regimen containing first-line drug, i.e., isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol to treat pat…
Sarah Schmidiger, Damien Portevin
(), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has plagued humankind for millennia. Claiming 1.25 million lives in 2023, TB remains the worldwide leading cause of death from a single-infectious agent. Improved vaccines, diagnostics and treatment regimens for drug-susceptible and d…
Hirsch-Moverman Y, Mantell JE, Lebelo L, Wynn C, Hesseling AC, et al.
…d Shorter-duration regimens for preventing drug-susceptible tuberculosis (TB) have been shown to be safe and efficacious in children, and may improve acceptability, adherence, and treatment completion. While these regimens have been used in children in low TB burden countries, th…
Mansour O, Masini EO, Kim BJ, Kamene M, Githiomi MM, et al.
Setting Undernourishment is prevalent among tuberculosis (TB) patients. Nutritional support is given to TB patients to prevent and treat undernourishment; it is also used to improve treatment outcomes and as an incentive to keep patients on treatment. Objective To determine wheth…
Marx FM, Cohen T, Lombard C, Hesseling AC, Dlamini SS, et al.
…te the extent to which relapse and other previously treated tuberculosis (TB) contribute to the notified TB burden in South Africa. DESIGN: We conducted an ecological analysis at the level of the 52 South African health districts using national electronic TB register data. We inc…
Loveday M, Hlangu S, Furin J
…to breastfeed as breast milk does not contain Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli and only minor, non-toxic quantities of the drugs pass into breast milk. Most guidelines therefore encourage breastfeeding in women with DS-TB. However, there is uncertainty and guidelines vary regar…