Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Desalegn Meseret Tadele, Getaye Tizazu Biwota, Lijalem Megibaru Enyew, Maru Meseret Tadele, Gizaw Hailiye Teferi
…is (TB) is the commonest comorbidity among individuals with HIV/AIDS, especially in low- and middle-income nations such as Ethiopia. Early diagnosis of TB infection in HIV-infected patients is crucial for effective management of opportunistic infections that can result in mortali…
Hasib Khan, J. F. Gómez‐Aguilar, Abdulwasea Alkhazzan, Aziz Khan
…gical models for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its advanced stage acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been widely studied in last two decades. HIV virus can be transmitted by different means including blood, semen, preseminal fluid, rectal fluid,…
Sónia Dias, Ana Gama, Daniel Simões, Emília Carreiras, Cristina Mora, et al.
… disproportionately affected by infectious diseases such as HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Tuberculosis infection (TB). Research on infectious diseases and related factors among migrant populations is critical to further understand these populations' health…
Archana Malik, Sarthak Das, Mahesh Babu Vemuri, Pratyaksha Kumari, Saroj Tripathy
…ution inflammatory syndrome has been extensively studied in HIV patients and is very rare in non-HIV patients.However, it can occur following corticosteroid withdrawal, discontinuation of anti-TNF therapy, or recovery from neutropenia in non-HIV patients.In non-HIV TB patients, T…
Richard E. Chaisson, MD, Susan Swindells, MBBS
HIV-infected people have an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). At the time the study was designed, the standard course of treatment for TB was 6 to 9 months of isoniazid (INH).This study compared the safety and effectiveness of a 4-week regimen of rifapentine …
Ribhav Gupta, D.K. Winslow, Ronit Gupta, Sten H. Vermund
…are likely at higher baseline risk of Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV. Per ICE guidelines, TB screening is mandated on intake with no routine HIV testing protocols. This study explores TB and HIV epidemiology across ICE facilities from 2019-2023. Three month sliding average of monthly …
Alyssa Finlay, MD, Tedd V Ellerbrock, MD, Andrew F Auld, MBChB, MSc, Tefera Agizew, MD, MPhil
…sease is thought to be the most common cause of death among HIV-infected persons. Interventions for Evaluation: The Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the GeneXpert platform (Xpert) has a TB diagnostic sensitivity of 82.4%, significantly superior to that of smear microscopy (44.6%). In lin…
Uliana Nur Melin, Prasti Adhi Dharmasanti
…along with conditions such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, tuberculosis (TB), and oral candidiasis. A weakened immune system affects the complex interactions between these conditions and the clinical presentation as well as the therapeutic management provided to …
Huma Haider
…nd the world’s second largest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS burden. There is a high occurrence of co-infection of malaria in HIV patients (Gumel et al., 2021). Nigeria is also ranked as one of the thirty high tuberculosis (TB) and TB-HIV co-infection burden countries in…
Robert Maina, Mathew Kinyanjui, Samuel Mwalili, Duncan Kioi Gathungu
…or that is considered to contribute to Kenya’s TB burden is HIV. TB is one of the most common opportunistic infections associated with HIV, and HIV infection increases the risk of developing active TB disease in individuals with latent TB infection. Due to their compromised immun…
Zhongkai Guo, Hai‐Feng Huo, Hong Xiang
…paper, we establish an age structured mathematical model of HIV-TB co-infection to study the transmission dynamics of this co-infection, and consider awareness in the modeling. We give the basic reproduction numbers for each of the two diseases and find four equilibria, namely, d…
Thuli Mthiyane
…e in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a necessity to ensure early diagnosis and adequate monitoring of TB treatment response. We conducted 3 sub-studies: study 1 was a bioavailability study; study 2 was a PK study in HIV-TB co-infected persons, and …
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint Pierre
…onary TB after two months and at the end of TB treatment in HIV patients. Evaluate 18F-FDG-PET/CT as a TB treatment response monitoring tool. Design The investigators performed baseline FDG-PET/CT, another FDG-PET/CT after 2 months of TB treatment and a PET/CT at the end of trea…
Shylah M. Moore-Pardo, Anteneh Addisu, Tea Reljic, Sadaf Aslam, Beata Casańas
… in foreign-born individuals. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is also a major contributor. HIV-TB coinfection leads to reciprocal interactions with significant clinical impact. We aim to compare the risk factors, clinical findings, and outcomes among HIV-infected vs. HIV uninf…
World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
…ools, high-quality drugs and new treatment regimens for TB, HIV and viral hepatitis, the WHO European Region still faces a severe triple burden in relation to these diseases and treatment adherence remains a challenge. Psychosocial support is an important part of the continuum of…
World Health Organization
Terrence F Blaschke, M.D.
…se drugs used to treat TB can reduce the amount of the anti-HIV drugs that reach the sites where the virus is located, this study is designed to see whether it is necessary to use higher doses of antiviral (anti-HIV) drugs while patients are receiving therapy with rifampin, one o…
Nancy Dorvil, Cynthia Riviere, Patrice Sévère, Heejung Bang, Jessy G. Dévieux, et al.
…-day testing and treatment for patients with TB symptoms at HIV diagnosis. Methods: We conducted a randomized trial comparing same-day and rapid (7 days) TB testing and treatment initiation among adult patients with TB symptoms at HIV diagnosis at GHESKIO in Haiti. The same-day g…
Gonzalo Alvarez, MD
… (TB) is the leading cause of death in people infected with HIV worldwide. South Africa has one of the highest rates of tuberculosis and HIV in sub Saharan Africa and the world. Infection with HIV can result in activation of the latent form of TB to its active form. In places lik…
C R Swathirajan, Jayaseelan Boobalan, Shanmugam Saravanan, V. Ramachandran, Marimuthu Ragavan Rameshkumar, et al.
…ckground: Tuberculosis (TB) remains as the leading cause of HIV/AIDS related mortality. Evidence of TB was found in about 32% and 67% of HIV infected adults during autopsy; emphasize the need for timely TB diagnosis. Due to longer turn-around time taken by conventional culture me…
Anak Agung Ayu Yuli Gayatri, Putu Palghuna Purna Nugraha
…: TB coinfection is one of the most important challenges in HIV/AIDS control. HIV patients have a 20-fold higher risk of TB infection, and by 2020, 209,000 deaths from HIV-TB coinfection have been reported. Coinfection control programs have been carried out with various approache…
Baba Seidu, Oluwole Daniel Makinde, Ibrahim Yakubu Seini
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) have long been known to have a synergistic relationship. This is a result of each of the diseases impacting negatively on the immune system of the infected persons. The impact of these diseases on workforce productivity is …
Kelly Dooley, MD
…with certain antiretroviral (ARV) medications used to treat HIV. People whose immune systems are weakened by HIV infection are susceptible to TB, so it is important to find treatments for both that can be given in combination. This study will test the safety of combining a new me…
M K Wijayanto, J Juniastuti, R Yudhawati, D Handayani
…MDR) TB. Indonesia is likewise a high-burden country for TB-HIV coinfection. National data showed that 4% of all TB patients are HIV-positive. Since there is a lack of data regarding the clinical profile of DR-TB with HIV in Indonesia, in this study we would like to describe the …
Salim S. Abdool Karim, MBChB, PhD
Tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infection common in HIV infected people, is a major problem in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of a combined treatment strategy using directly observed therapy (DOT) for HIV infected patients with TB. Par…