Showing 51–75 of 81 documents
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Helen McShane
…he safety and immunogenicity of candidate tuberculosis (TB) vaccine MVA85A administered by the intramuscular route and the intradermal route in healthy adult individuals who have been previously vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). We postulate that the intramuscular …
Davood Mansury, Kiarash Ghazvini, Saeid Amel Jamehdar, Ali Badiee, Mohsen Tafaghodi, et al.
BACKGROUND: Due to the ineffectiveness of the BCG vaccine, especially in adult pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and variable efficacies against childhood forms of TB, developing an effective TB vaccine is a major priority in controlling this disease. The aim of this study was to eval…
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
…blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of a candidate tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, MTBVAC, against TB disease in adolescents and adults aged 14-45 years, living in a TB endemic region. Phase 2b, double-blind, randomized, pla…
Kaviya Parambath Kootery, Suma Sarojini
… pathogens. We have only a few protective shields, like the BCG vaccine against the pathogen, which itself has poor efficacy in preventing adult tuberculosis. Even though different vaccine trials for an alternative vaccine have been conducted, those studies have not shown much pr…
Sarman Singh
…f Lancet Infectious Diseases focusing on TB control through vaccine is worth reading [5]. The editorial very aptly mentions that the COVID-19 epidemic has taught us its negative as well as positive sides. On one hand, TB case detection rates were compromised due to a shift of man…
Tanzeela Sameen Saeed, Maythem Saeed, Muhammad Fahad Abdullah, M. N. Qureshi, Armeen Saeed
…1.25 million deaths annually. The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine provides limited protection against adult pulmonary TB, prompting the need for novel strategies. mRNA vaccines, successful in the fight against COVID-19, are now being explored for TB prevention. Methods We …
Eunkyung Shin, Jin-Seung Yun, Young-Ran Lee, Hye‐Ran Cha, Soo-Min Kim, et al.
…million deaths worldwide in 2022. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB); however, it has limited protective efficacy in adults. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing Ag85B from M. tuberculosis using a…
Mohsen Karbalaei, Kiarash Ghazvini, Masoud Keikha
…ion infected people in 2018, 1.6 million died. Although the BCG vaccine has been used for about a hundred years, it is only effective in children, but is not able to produce a protective and reliable immunity against adult pulmonary TB. Hence, using an alternative vaccine with hi…
Mada Ferreira, MD
…f a recombinant urease C-deficient listeriolysin expressing BCG vaccine strain (VPM1002) as a safe, well tolerated and efficacious vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) for residents in endemic areas and persons at risk in non-endemic areas. The new vaccine should be at least as pote…
Videlis Nduba
BCG, the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis in use today, protects against severe extrapulmonary forms of TB in humans (miliary and meningeal forms), but offers variable protection against the most common respiratory form of the disease (pulmonary TB), with ranges of effi…
Alemnew F. Dagnew
…from a single infectious agent. The BacilleCalmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is currently the only licensed TB vaccine;however, it offers little to no protection against pulmonary TB in adults. Theinvestigational M72/AS01E-4 vaccine, developed by GSK, has shown promisingresults in Ph…
Alemnew F. Dagnew
…from a single infectious agent. The BacilleCalmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is currently the only licensed TB vaccine;however, it offers little to no protection against pulmonary TB in adults. Theinvestigational M72/AS01E-4 vaccine, developed by GSK, has shown promisingresults in Ph…
Gurudeeban Selvaraj, Satyavani Kaliamurthi, Dongqing Wei
…long-standing shortcomings of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in preventing adult pulmonary tuberculosis highlight the urgent need for improved alternatives. In this issue, one study takes a rational genetic approach by creating progressively attenuated M. tuberculosis…
Dženan Kovačić, Adna Softić, Adna SALIHOVIĆ, Jovana Jotanović, Sarah Maris Hotić
…numerous reasons for such statistics is the relatively poor efficacy of the near-century-old BCG vaccine. In spite of it being the only approved vaccine for TB, its benefit is predominantly observed in preventing paediatric miliary TB and TB meningitis, whilst it offers considera…
Cynthia Bin Eng Chee, David S.C. Hui
… continue to be important. The availability of pneumococcal vaccines and multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCR) has led to a decreasing incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia and detection of more viral aetiologies in CAP. In recent years, rapid and automated molecular tests bas…
Ferdous Ara Ahmed, Beatrice Onyinyechi Mkpa, Sadia Afroz, M. Naimul Islam Nakib, Md Nabiul Islam
… aims to investigate the trends of TB prevalence, treatment efficacy, and prevention efforts in a cohort of 300 TB cases in Dhaka. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized to assess TB prevalence, treatment outcomes, and prevention efforts among 300 TB cases in Dhaka.…
A. L. A. Leite, A. S. M. dos Santos, A. C. L. G. Silva, S. M. Arruda
… 10.6 million new cases in 2021. Bacillus Calmette-Guérrin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against TB, despite its variable efficacy (0-80%) against the pulmonary from of the disease in adults. Recent clinical trials indicate the importance of exploring diverse classes of anti…
Robyn M. Jong, Erik Van Dis, Xammy Nguyenla, Alexander Baltodano, Gabrielle Pastenkos, et al.
Abstract The only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), is not reliably effective against adult pulmonary tuberculosis. A major hurdle to tuberculosis vaccine development is incomplete understanding of successful immunity against th…
Michele Tameris, MD
…TBVAC in South African newborns. Ninety-nine HIV unexposed, BCG naïve newborns will be randomized to receive either BCG 2.5 x 105 CFU (n=24) or MTBVAC at one of three dose levels (n=75). Allocation will be double blind. Enrolment will be sequential into 3 cohorts of increasing MT…
Bashar Haruna Gulumbe, Aminu Shehu
…is correspondence underlines the critical role of advancing vaccine research. Historically, the BCG vaccine, developed over a century ago, has been the cornerstone of TB prevention. However, its efficacy is limited, particularly in adults and against pulmonary TB, the most common…
Zehui Lei, Jing Wang, Cui Hua Liu
… remains a leading burden on global health and the economy. Vaccines represent the most economically effective approach to preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Currently, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is the only available vaccine for TB, which protects infants and yo…
Ochran Chetty, Cohen Chetty
…e a global health challenge and currently only one licensed vaccine is available. For nearly 100 years, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been in use. While it provides protection against disseminated TB in infants, its protection against adult and adolescent pulmona…
SushantSatish Mane
… extrapulmonary TB cases is more in children as compared to adults. Despite such high figures, the estimated detection gap for TB in children is around 56%. This may be due to factors such as a lack of knowledge about presumptive TB among health-care providers, delays in seeking …
Sabar Pambudi, Anwar Shafrial Irsyad, Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo, Astutiati Nurhasanah, Titta Novianti
…arch efforts throughout the years, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) remains the sole authorized vaccination with varying levels of effectiveness. It offers immunity against tuberculosis in children but is not efficacious in treating tuberculosis in adults. Epidemiological modelling …
H. Belhadga, Zahra El Maataoui, H. Kisra
…d to fight TB are good nutrition, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, anti-TB therapy. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a combination treatment of four drugs for two months (isoniazid (INH), rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol), followed by two drugs (I…