Showing 51–75 of 75 documents
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Hafsat U Ibrahim, Rayyan M Garba, Jameel I Ahmad, Kabiru Abdulsalam, Yasir N Jibril, et al.
…mortality in Nigeria, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH), who face significantly higher risks of developing active TB. Conventional diagnostic methods such as sputum smear microscopy and chest radiography often fail to detect TB accurately in this population due to …
Jaishriram Rathored, Tanushree Budhbaware, Sandesh Shende, Vishwanath Upadhyay
…continues to be a significant global public health concern. HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, and low socioeconomic status are examples of comorbid illnesses that increase susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB), and the introduction of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has m…
Nikita Sass, Hanna Havrylenko, Felix Gerber, Alain Amstutz, Sydney Rosen, et al.
…etroviral therapy is recommended for people presenting with HIV who have no contraindications. We reviewed the evidence on SDI interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). **METHODS:** We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled tria…
Alberto Matteelli, Sofia Lovatti, Benedetta Rossi, Luca Rossi
…afe, demonstrates good efficacy, and does not interact with HIV therapies. Despite these promising results, pre-extensively drug-resistance (XDR)-TB (MDR-TB with documented resistance to quinolones) remains an emerging concern. Two ongoing trials will address this challenge: the …
Salman Daneshi, Esmaeil Barkhori Mehni, Mohammad Kamali, Eshagh Barfar, Fatemeh Bagher Barahouei, et al.
… to new cases. Comorbidities such as diabetes (OR: 2.3) and HIV (OR: 3.1), along with male sex and older age, were significant contributing factors-particularly in XDR-TB cases. Despite the rising trend in drug resistance, diagnostic and laboratory limitations remain major challe…
Malika Idayat, Elena von der Lippe, Nailya Kozhekenova, Oyunzul Amartsengel, Kamila Akhmetova, et al.
… more frequently (65.3%), and the key risk factors included HIV (30.5%), comorbidities, and undernutrition. Diagnostic performance varied significantly (microscopy sensitivity, 45-65%; GeneXpert MTB/RIF, 89-96% sensitivity and 98% specificity for rifampicin resistance). Diagnosti…
Ika Nindya Kadariswantiningsih, Roy Novri Ramadhan, Derren David Christian Homenta Rampengan
… with the proportion rising in populations co-infected with HIV. In Indonesia, estimates of EPTB prevalence vary significantly due to inconsistencies in diagnostic criteria, population demographics and methodologies. These variations highlight the need for a systematic review to …
Syed Hassan Ahmed, Syed Shayaan Hassan, Laila Tul Qadar, Nathan Selsky, Maria Duharte, et al.
…ty among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), accounted for 161,000 deaths among HIV-co-infected patients in 2023. Tuberculosis preventive therapy can play a detrimental role in reducing the global burden. However, prolonged treatment duration compromises adhe…
Joseph Baruch Baluku, Peter Isagara, Ivaan Pitua, Jeremiah Mutinye Kwesiga, Judith Mutesi, et al.
…immunosuppression (CD4 T-cells < 200 cells/mm), and two had HIV. All patients received itraconazole and anticoagulation with rivaroxaban. Two patients survived and are stable on therapy, while one patient died due to septic shock. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, an…
Michael Nunns, Samantha Febrey, Kieran Becker, Morgan Weiland, Jill Buckland, et al.
…ansmitted infections (STIs; 35 studies, of which 13 were in HIV, and 22 were bacterial or parasitic infections). No evidence was found on vector-borne, direct contact, or food- or water-borne routes of transmission. Evidence was highly heterogeneous, and more than half of the stu…
Nicole A Swartwood, Nanki Singh, Seyed Alireza Mortazavi, Melike Hazal Can, Hening Cui, et al.
…as estimated to be higher for countries with greater excess HIV prevalence among men, and countries with greater gender equity (as measured by the United Nation's Gender Development Index). The estimated M:F prevalence ratio was also higher for surveys that did not restrict testi…
Juliet G Nyamasve, Nyaradzai A Katena, Shepherd Shamu, Junior Mutsvangwa, Aliasgar Esmail
…B) poses a significant diagnostic and economic challenge in HIV endemic, low-resource settings due to its complex presentation and current diagnostic tools limitations. While accurate and timely diagnosis is critical for reducing morbidity, mortality and health system costs, econ…
Cherdsak Boonyong, Phattarapon Boonsing, Laphatsanan Ruangritpassorn, Phasapon Thayutichayaton, Phomin Rattanamungkun, et al.
…y investigates drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in people with HIV (PWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) with comorbidities. We focus on pharmacological factors and evaluate DDI notifications from online databases, emphasizing the clinical relevance of pharmacokinetic, pharma…
Stephanie Bjerrum, Bada Yang, Johanna Åhsberg, Laura Olbrich, Mathias Weis Damkjær, et al.
…sist in diagnosing tuberculosis disease amongst people with HIV. Previous systematic reviews have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of LC-aNAATs and LF-LAM used in isolation for the detection of tuberculosis, but in clinical practice the tests may be used in parallel (i.e. LC-aNAA…
Xiaoli Liu, Chunmei Liu, Rong Yao, Bin Wan, Li Fu, et al.
…alnutrition [OR = 3.32, 95% CI (1.52, 7.24)], HIV [OR = 1.80, 95% CI (1.09, 2.99)], HCV [OR = 2.17, 95% CI (1.10, 4.29)], hepatotoxic drugs [OR = 2.65, 95% CI (1.58, 4.43)] may constitute risk factors for drug-induced liver …
Fernanda Souza, Ricardo Steffen, Marcia Pinto, Thiago Nascimento do Prado, Afranio Lineu Kritski, et al.
…del simulating four distinct hypothetical cohorts of 10,000 HIV-negative contacts of different ages (3 months-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and 15 or older) was built over five annual cycles for TBI testing and tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) under the Brazilian public…
Oluwadamilola M Oladunjoye, David Ishaleku, Olaposi J Olatoregun, Bisayo A Ogundipe
… up prevention interventions, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related mortality remains a significant public health challenge in several high-burden settings, including Nigeria. Persistent data system fragmentation, late diagnosis, and socio-structural inequities have slowed p…
Jenifer A Otieno, Lisa Malesi Were, Vittoria Lutje, Katie Scandrett, Yemisi Takwoingi, et al.
…nerable populations such as children and people living with HIV, to inform health equity considerations. **SEARCH METHODS:** We searched Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, five other electronic bibliographic databases, and two trial registries, from 1900 up to 21 January 2025. W…
Laura Olbrich, Bada Yang, Hayley Poore, Alia Razid, Brittney Sweetser, et al.
…assay (LF-LAM) is recommended for use amongst children with HIV. Previous systematic reviews have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of LC-aNAATs and LF-LAM separately in children, but in clinical practice the tests may be used concurrently, i.e. in 'parallel'. **OBJECTIVES:** To …
Ricardo Perea-Jacobo, Jose Luis Soto-Ledesma, Rafael Laniado-Laborín, Dora-Luz Flores, Rogelio Zapata-Garibay, et al.
…ng standards. Structural risk factors such as overcrowding, HIV coinfection, and limited access to molecular diagnostics were frequently reported. Notably, no studies were found from Caribbean countries, and only one study was identified in Mexico, revealing significant regional …
Robert Akpata, Anani Badjé, Jean-Baptiste Ntakpé, Cossi Angelo Attinsounon, Nathalie de Castro, et al.
…ous cause of death and morbidity in people with and without HIV. Better identification of severe forms could help target early interventions to reduce mortality and severe morbidity. Existing severity scores do not fully take into account important disease characteristics such as…
Sareh Bagheri-Josheghani, Zahra Rafat, Parivash Davoodian, Mehdi Hassani Azad, Afsaneh Karmostaji, et al.
…r of co-infected patients (n = 26, 38.23 %). HIV infection was documented as the most prevalent underlying condition (n = 22, 31.35 %). Also, combination therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole (63.23 %) was the most common antifungal treatm…
Samin Afazel, Mohammad J Nasiri, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…33.4 %,: 76 %), with higher mortality observed in HIV-positive individuals (40.3 %) compared to HIV-negative patients (17.1 %). The pooled rate of loss to follow-up was 6.6 % (95 % CI: 4.7-9.1 %). Subgroup analysis revealed that the mortality ra…
Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Mukesh Kumar Sathya Narayanan, Jefferson Daniel, Vignes Anand Srinivasalu, Adhin Bhaskar, et al.
…racy of LC-mNAATs due to factors such as smear status, age, HIV status, setting, and tuberculosis burden. **SEARCH METHODS:** We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index, Biosis Previews, Global Index Medicus, SCOPUS, WHO ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov on 2 Octob…
Mary Gaeddert, Penelope Papadopoulou, Jennifer Habbes, Tobias Niederegger, Lukas Schik, et al.
… 23% (95%CI: 14-33%, n=27). Sputum scarcity was higher in PLHIV sub-groups. The pooled estimate of sputum scarcity in studies enrolling only PLHIV was 24% (95% CI: 15-33%, n=9) for collection of one or two self-expectorated spot sputum samples. Sputum scarcity was the highest in …