Showing 1–25 of 81 documents
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Timothy M Walker, James A Watson, David A J Moore, Mike Frick, Euzebiusz Jamrozik
… designs have so far led to the implementation of effective regimens of 1-4 months' duration. Such regimens are a substantial improvement on the previous 6-9 months' duration standard of care but still far too long given potential toxicity and the very low baseline risk of diseas…
Soham Samajpaty
Mumbai Protocol is a shot in darkness in the field of tuberculosis research. At a time when clinicians around the world are obsessed with rifampicin to an extent of believing that no regimen against tuberculosis can work without it, the Mumbai protocol has opened a new avenue in …
Tim Crocker-Buque, Michael A Moso, Justin T Denholm, Kasha P Singh
…afety and efficacy of newer LA-ART and bedaquiline-based TB regimens in this high-risk population. Concerns around the safety of TPT in pregnancy remain unanswered and further prospective research is urgently needed.
Antonio Camargo Martins, Márcia Teixeira Garcia, Mariângela Ribeiro Resende
Standard anti-tuberculosis regimens (Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol [RHZE]) remain challenging for critically ill patients and those with a non-functioning gastrointestinal tract. In Brazil, these challenges are amplified by the lack of Intravenous (IV) rifam…
Mohammed Alfaqeeh, Prayudi Santoso, Jan-Willem Alffenaar, Ivan S Pradipta
…istance, which compromise treatment efficacy. The treatment regimens for DR-TB include the INH-R regimen, Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid (with or without Moxifloxacin) (BPaL(M) regimen, shorter oral regimen, and longer oral regimen, each tailored to the specific resistanc…
Kara Lukas, Madeleine T Dang, Clare Necas, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…-sensitive and drug-resistant TB, focusing on pharmacologic regimens, diagnostics, and adjunctive therapies. For drug-sensitive TB, a 4-month rifapentine-moxifloxacin regimen has been proven to be non-inferior to the traditional 6-month standard, while optimized pyrazinamide dosi…
Spencer C Darveau, Sharan Yadav, Kelly E Dooley, Jyoti S Mathad
…ally for women living with HIV. TB preventive therapy (TPT) regimens treat TB infection and prevent progression to TB disease, but the components of these regimens, including isoniazid and rifamycins, often interact with HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). There are limited data on…
Ho Won Kim, Hoe Sun Yoon, Jake Whang, Jong-Seok Kim
…ic pathogens. Standard therapy requires prolonged multidrug regimens, often extending for more than 12 months, yet treatment success remains limited, especially for MABC. One of the greatest barriers to effective therapy is not antimicrobial resistance alone but also the high bur…
Kyung Hyun Oh, Alvin Kuo Jing Teo, Manami Yanagawa, Avinash Kanchar, Dennis Falzon, et al.
…and five now offer shorter rifapentine- or rifampicin-based regimens. The number of people started on TPT rose sharply in most settings, driven by household contacts aged ≥ 5 years in Cambodia, Mongolia and the Philippines and by people living with HIV i…
Joseph G. Kariuki, Symon M. Kariuki, Phuti Angel
…iveness of integrating Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) in treatment regimens for preventing and treating peripheral neuropathy and neurotoxic adverse events associated with Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) medications. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the practice o…
Shubham Prasad, Himanshu Narang, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
…king. Since hepatotoxicity rate is similar across different regimens, reintroduction is individualized based on perceived clinical risk. Future research is needed to identify specific biomarker panel for diagnosing ATT-DILI.
Mohd Shariq, Javaid Ahmad Sheikh, Farhan Ahmed, Anwar Alam, Seyed E. Hasnain, et al.
…ating drug-resistant TB and are incorporated into treatment regimens. The advantages of drug repurposing, including cost savings, reduced development timelines, and the potential to address the challenges posed by drug-resistant TB, make it a valuable tool in the global fight aga…
Pooja Gurram, Alan J. Wright
…verse-transcriptase inhibitor combination. Common treatment regimens for MAC infection include a 2- or 3-drug regimen with a macrolide (azithromycin or clarithromycin), ethambutol, and possibly rifabutin.
Alberto Matteelli, Luca Rossi, Sofia Lovatti, Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho, Anita Sforza
… latest 2020 guidelines, the WHO recommended five different regimens and provided advice on their use considering TB burden, HIV status, age and pregnancy. The major problems related to TPT are duration of treatment, toxicity and tolerability, completion rates, and interactions b…
Rafael Laniado-Laborín
The treatment of susceptible tuberculosis has evolved in the last 70 years, from requiring the use of toxic drugs (PAS, streptomycin by parenteral route) for two years, to exclusively oral treatment, with a combination of more effective and less toxic medications for six months. …
Andrés Marco, Indiana Jesús Abdo, Neus Solé, Enrique Gil-Tubella, Isabel Barnés, et al.
…tical comparative appraisal against shorter rifamycin-based regimens. For this purpose, documents issued by the WHO and by major national and international guidelines and consensus statements have been reviewed. The review focuses particularly on screening, diagnosis, and treatme…
Özlem Abakay, Menduh Oruç
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted by inhalation of droplets. Medication is the main component of TB treatment. When starting tuberculosis treatment, first a case definition is made and the treatment regi…
Georgies Mgode, Dickens Bwana, Christophe Cox, Shelly Batra, C. F. Richter, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis kills over one million people yearly. TB diagnosis and treatment are complicated, and hence innovative diagnostic and treatment adherence monitoring tools are important. In this chapter, the application of innovative model of…
Venkateswara Reddy Basu
Author Dr. Basu Venkateswara Reddy, Professor and Head, Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri.K.V.College of Pharmacy, Chikkaballapura, Karnataka, India Abstract The management of respiratory disorders is structured around algorithms that differentiate disease states and guide stepwis…
Vaseem Anjum
Hansen’s disease is one of the most ancient diseases that is still prevalent in the world. The causative agent, Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) has a long incubation period, clinical features after infection are identified late and these acid fast bacilli cannot be cultured – ma…
Sonia Singh, Yogesh Murti, Nitin Agrawal
Tuberculosis is commonly called TB and considered to be the most contagious disease. This disease is caused by a causative agent known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the host body cells. Emergence incidence of XDR and MDR of tuberculosis are due to high dose intake and prol…
Dirk Schnappinger, Steven J Berthel, Helena I M Boshoff, Inna V Krieger, Paridhi Sukheja, et al.
…porting development of both pan-TB and treatment-shortening regimens. This paradigm is adaptable to other bacterial pathogens and is designed to improve evidence-based decision-making in antibacterial drug discovery.
Kelsey L Briggs, Betsy J Russell, Peter Warner, Ken Duncan, Steven J Berthel
Developing tuberculosis drug regimens requires coordinated discovery of multiple, mechanistically distinct agents, which challenge traditional single-asset models. The Tuberculosis Drug Accelerator (TBDA) was established as a multi-organizational consortium to enable collaborativ…
Geraint Rhys Davies
…nt translational impact in the development of new treatment regimens for TB. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Evaluating anti-infective drugs'.
Mohd Shariq, Javaid Ahmad Sheikh, Anwar Alam, Nasreen Z Ehtesham, Seyed E Hasnain
…global health challenge, exacerbated by prolonged treatment regimens, variable vaccine efficacy, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Beyond conventional pathogen-targeted antibiotics, increasing attention has focused on host-directed therapies (HDTs) that aim to enhance …