Showing 1–25 of 28 documents
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Tim Crocker-Buque, Michael A Moso, Justin T Denholm, Kasha P Singh
…:** This update addresses HIV/TB co-infection management in pregnancy, focusing on new treatment options. **RECENT FINDINGS:** Pregnancy with HIV increases TB risk and worsens treatment outcomes. While long-acting antiretroviral therapies (LA-ART) like cabotegravir/rilpivirine a…
Yinfeng Su, Xingxing Kong, Zhanpeng Chen, Xiaomin Wang, Shuihua Lu
Tuberculosis in pregnancy is a series of diseases caused by(). Exact global incidence rates are difficult to obtain and are expected to be similar to those in the general population, with potentially higher rates in developing countries. Tuberculosis in pregnancy is associated wi…
Victoria Male, Christine E Jones
…o the newborn, so an alternative strategy is vaccination in pregnancy. This approach has been successfully used to protect newborns against tetanus and pertussis, and vaccines that are primarily offered to protect the mother during pregnancy, such as influenza and COVID-19 vaccin…
Yonghong Zhang, Jie Mei, Hui Zhang
…ce to the semi-allogeneic fetus is essential for successful pregnancy, while immune defense against pathogens must be preserved. Decidual macrophages (DMs) are critical regulators at the maternal-fetal interface, involved in trophoblast invasion, vascular remodeling, and immune m…
Daniela Vinueza, David E Rebellón-Sánchez, Maria Alejandra Recio, Ana Maria Granados, Luis Alberto Escobar, et al.
…sents the case of a 22-year-old woman at 29 weeks of pregnancy, who exhibited recent onset neurologic symptoms including paresthesia of the right side of the face, involuntary myoclonic movements in the ipsilateral hand, 1 week of weakness in the right side of the b…
Rosie Burton
… immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis, and malaria in pregnancy. The global roll-out of antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved survival for people living with HIV and reduced mother-to-child transmission, but HIV infection remains a leading cause of maternal mort…
Tiago Lima, Sandra Trigo, Eduarda Silveira, Gabriela Jorge da Silva, Sara Domingues
…isease. First-line anti-TB drugs are considered safe during pregnancy and lactation. In contrast, second-line drugs have a less well-established safety profile during breastfeeding, and the available evidence regarding their excretion in breast milk remains limited; therefore, th…
Shadi Rezai, Stephen LoBue, Daniel L. Adams, Yewande Oladipo, Ramses Posso, et al.
…toms of active TB can mimic normal physiological changes of pregnancy. We present a case report of a 26-year-old multiparous woman, G4P3003, at 38week gestation with a history of positive PPD who emigrated from Ghana 6 years ago. She came to the hospital with an initial complaint…
Lindsay H. Cameron, Jeffrey R. Starke
…able age. Although treatment of tuberculosis disease during pregnancy is unquestioned, the treatment of the pregnant woman who has an asymptomatic tuberculosis infection is more controversial. As pregnancy seem to increase the risk of a woman progressing from infection to disease…
Umashri Sundararaju, Shanmathi Subramanian, Hamrish Kumar Rajakumar
…infections, and electrolyte imbalances. Managing VKH during pregnancy can be challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach, as corticosteroid use can affect both maternal and fetal health. Steroid therapy is crucial for controlling disease, but it can lead to complication…
Rafael Laniado-Laborı́n
…ld be discontinued. First-line drugs (HREZ) are safe during pregnancy, and regimen doses and duration are the same as in non-pregnant individuals. Pyridoxine (50 mg, vitamin B6) should be added to the regimen to prevent neuropathy in the mother and seizures in the fetus. There is…
Amira El‐Messidi, Alan D. Cameron
A patient is referred by her primary care provider for consultation and transfer of care to your high-risk obstetric unit at a tertiary center. She is a 32-year-old primigravida at 15+3 weeks’ gestation with new abnormalities on chest X-ray and a positive sputum smear for acid-fa…
Fatma Tokgöz Akyıl, Kamil Janeczek
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the most common cause of death from a single infectious agent. TB is caused by the droplet transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) bacilli, which sick people shed into the air. About a quar…
Spencer C Darveau, Sharan Yadav, Kelly E Dooley, Jyoti S Mathad
…. There are limited data on drug-drug interactions, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and treatment success specifically in pregnant women living with HIV on ART but several new trials in pregnancy have recently been conducted. **OBJECTIVE:** To perform a comprehensive narrative revie…
Lianjing Liang, Shitong Su, Lanya Peng, Hua Zhuang, Yao Chen, et al.
…d embryo transfer (IVF-ET) for patients facing infertility. Pregnancy induces substantial endocrine and immune alterations that may diminish immune function, consequently heightening vulnerability to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection or reactivation. Hematogenous dissem…
Anna Starshinova, Ekaterina Belyaeva, Olga Irtyuga, Giunai Sefiyeva, Lubov Mitrofanova, et al.
…t tuberculosis infection" OR "pulmonary tuberculosis", and "pregnancy" OR "pregnant women".Pregnant women living with HIV are at increased risk of developing tuberculosis, which can negatively affect both maternal and perinatal outcomes. Screening for tuberculosis is recommended …
Eshet Gebrie, Habtamu Wondifraw Baynes, Birhan Mulugeta, Henok Worku, Berihun Agegn Mengistie, et al.
…biased responses at supraphysiologic levels, such as during pregnancy. Progesterone contributes to immune homeostasis at basal concentrations but suppresses dendritic cell function and Th1 immunity at elevated levels. Testosterone consistently attenuates Th1 immunity and enhances…
Julie Huynh, Yara-Natalie Abo, Rina Triasih, Varinder Singh, Gordon Pukai, et al.
… fall between pediatric and adult models of care. TB during pregnancy poses significant risks to the mother-infant pair, yet antenatal screening to ensure timely treatment initiation is often inadequate. Recent research advancements to address these challenges include more access…
Javier P Gisbert, María Chaparro
…t on cardiovascular risk, but monitoring is advised. Use in pregnancy is discouraged due to potential risks, and breastfeeding is contraindicated because of drug excretion in milk.
Jessica Q Duong, Dillon J Razler, Matthew L Hrin, William W Huang, Steven R Feldman
… metabolic panel, congestive heart failure, malignancy, and pregnancy offers limited benefit. Patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-⍺ inhibitors may benefit from hepatitis B virus testing, while inquiry regarding symptoms of candidiasis and inflammatory bowel disease…
Alberto Matteelli, Luca Rossi, Sofia Lovatti, Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho, Anita Sforza
…ice on their use considering TB burden, HIV status, age and pregnancy. The major problems related to TPT are duration of treatment, toxicity and tolerability, completion rates, and interactions between rifamycins and other drugs. To date, we are still far from reaching the 2022 m…
Abigail Zuger
…ine glucose screening tests for diabetes and the first home pregnancy tests generated very similar expectations of substantial public health benefits. These tests helped many individual patients, but neither proved to be a particularly effective public health tool. Home testing f…
Abdelmalek Sghiri, Michela Ciccarelli, Muhammad S Waqas, Abelhaq Anouassi, Ahmed Tibary
…s are major disorders contributing to infertility and early pregnancy loss. However, studies on uterine defense mechanisms and the pathogenesis of these disorders are lacking. Hydrobursitis, a common cause of infertility in dromedary camels, warrants further research. The implica…
Mareike Rabe, Jennifer A Hughes
Tuberculosis (TB), particularly drug-resistant TB (DR-TB), remains a major public health concern in South Africa (SA), with children, adolescents, and pregnant and postpartum women (CAPPW) facing heightened risks because of biological and social vulnerabilities. This article high…
Debbie Latupeirissa
The global commitment to end HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) by 2030 is a historic moment in public health. Despite significant advances in preventive techniques and the broad availability of antiretroviral medication/therapy (ART), a number of challenges remain in achiev…