Showing 126–150 of 200 documents
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Sameh Mezri, Zitoun Chaima, Wadii Thabet, Chebbi Ghassen, K. Akkari
Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic specific infectious disease caused by mycobacteria: Koch bacillus (BK). Despite a re-increase in the incidence of tuberculosis, extra-nodal location on the head and neck remains rare. Clinical symptomatology is non-specific and even data from…
Christian W. McMillen
Abstract Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, emerged in Africa about seventy thousand years ago. It accompanied modern humans on their migrations out of Africa, across the Indian Ocean, and then into Eurasia. Tuberculosis affects almost all parts of the body. Its …
Ravindra Kumar Garg
…SE OF REVIEW:** The outcome of central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis has shown little improvement over several decades, with diagnosis remaining unconfirmed in nearly half of the cases. This review highlights current insights and advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of…
Evelina Lesnic, Alina Malic, Adriana Niguleanu, Tatiana Osipov
According to the actual national policy, the patients with tuberculosis may benefit from the following anti-tuberculosis treatment options: a) directly observed delivered in the community close to the patient’s home or work; b) treatment provided in hospitals or specialized dispe…
Rafael Laniado-Laborín
Traditionally little attention has been paid to pediatric tuberculosis by clinicians, researchers, decision-makers, and even by national tuberculosis programs. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Report for the year 2018, 10 million people developed TB in 2017…
Francisco de Assis Moura Batista, Juliana Iscarlaty Freire de Araújo, Fernanda Cunha Soares, Thalyta Cristina Mansano Schlosser, Clarissa Terenzi Seixas, et al.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease with a substantial impact on public health, with the pulmonary form representing the most significant concern. The disease poses considerable risks to the elderly population, as it frequently manifests in conjunction with other age-related co…
David N. McMurray
The relationship between malnutrition and tuberculosis is probably as ancient as the disease itself. One approach to the identification of nutritional determinants of resistance to tuberculosis has been to utilize a guinea pig model of low-dose pulmonary infection with virulent M…
Daniel Peptenatu, Aurel Mihail Băloi, Octavian Andronic, Andreea Karina Gruia, Alexandra Grecu, et al.
…singly recognized globally, and infectious diseases such as tuberculosis are significantly influenced by the quality of the environment. The research examines the correlation between contamination of the environment and the elevated prevalence of tuberculosis in Romania, one of t…
Steven Howard Yale, Halil Tekiner, Eileen Scott Yale
…lopment and significance of medical eponyms associated with tuberculosis between 1909 and 1942, highlighting their contribution to the diagnosis of the disease. During this period, 16 eponymous signs were described, including the well-known Brudzinski sign for tuberculous meningi…
Karin Dijkman, Simone A Joosten, Leendert A Trouw
Tuberculosis continues to kill over a million people every year, with an additional 10 million people falling ill. The ongoing efforts to eradicate the disease are hampered by an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms involved in the defense against tuberculosis. It has becom…
Mackenzie DuPont, Robert Castro, Sandra V Kik, Megan Palmer, James A Seddon, et al.
…of chest x-rays (CXRs) have been developed and approved for tuberculosis triage in adults but not in children. However, CXR is frequently the only adjunctive tool for clinical assessment in the evaluation of paediatric tuberculosis in primary care settings, and children would ben…
Yang Zhang, Ruiying Wu, Mingrui Sun, Xiaotian Li, Ren Fang, et al.
Tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease caused bycomplex, has re-emerged as the leading cause of death worldwide as a single infectious agent. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a severe and growing t…
Angela Hidalgo-Gajardo, Bryan Mangui, Carla Villavicencio, Jorge R Toledo, Frank Camacho
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, but it provides limited and inconsistent protection against pulmonary TB in adults. Furthermore, current diagno…
Ying Wang, Daxing Cao, Guihua Liu
Treatment regimens for Tuberculosis (TB) primarily rely on first-line drugs such as isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Although these drugs have been pivotal in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, their high costs limit widespread use in low- and middl…
Amitesh Gupta, Eshutosh Chandra, Parul Mrigpuri
The intersection of diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) constitutes a significant global health challenge, marked by complex disease interactions with profound clinical and public health consequences. TB, a historically prevalent infectious disease, and DM, a rising non-…
Piyushkumar Sadhu, Mamta Kumari, Niyati Shah, Chitrali Talele, Nirmal Shah, et al.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis, particularly those with rifampicin resistance (RR-TB), has emerged as one of the major challenges to the goal of eliminating tuberculosis. Additionally, three or four different medications must be used in an effort to treat TB, but sadly, there aren't…
Karthikeyan Sundaram, Venkataraman Prabhu
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease spread through airborne droplet nuclei.is the etiological agent of this infection. Mycobacteria can cause active tuberculosis or asymptomatic latent infection due to its complex biology and host immunological responses. The genes of mycobacte…
Haiyang Fu, Wenqiang Sun, Ye Xu, Haiyun Zhang
Tuberculosis (TB), especially pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), is a prevalent infectious disease affecting the respiratory system and is characterized by high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates that significantly impact the quality of life of patients and their families. Hos…
Xiaoying Jin, Jiajun Wang, Yongdui Ruan, Jiaxiang Li, Xinen Kong, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by the reaction of arginine and oxygen catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in mammals. Several studies have highlighted the …
Mani Sharma, Sakshi Kansal
Tuberculosis is the second most fatal infectious disease after AIDS. It is caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis. There are numerous factors responsible for the emergence of multi-drug resistance and extensively drug resistance cases of tuberculosis, which involves high pill b…
David G Russell, Nelson V Simwela, Joshua T Mattila, JoAnne Flynn, Henry C Mwandumba, et al.
…e the primary host cell type for infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo. Macrophages are also key immune effector cells that mediate the control of bacterial growth. However, the specific macrophage phenotypes that are required for optimal immune control of M. tuber…
Angelique Kany Kany Luabeya, Michèle Tameris, Justin Shenje, Anele Gela, Elisa Nemes, et al.
…ovis</italic> BCG and live-attenuated <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> candidates, are entering prevention of disease efficacy trials in infants and adolescents/adults. Several candidates are in nontraditional efficacy trials to prevent <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic>…
Karthikeyan Sundaram, Sridhar Rathinam
Tuberculosis is a fatal infection transmitted through airborne droplet nuclei. The etiological agent is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacillus. Drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a global challenge, with specific mycobacterial genes intricately associated with drug resi…
Rūta Mereškevičienė, Edvardas Danila
Tuberculosis remains a significant public health challenge globally. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains presents one of the biggest hurdles in tuberculosis management. Both first- and second-line tuberculosis drugs are associated with common a…
Qun Zhang, Yi-Qian Han, Wei-Feng Xu, Mei-Yan Wei, Yu-Cheng Gu, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most significant health perils that has claimed more lives than any other contagious disease over the past 2000 years. The treatment of tuberculosis has been severely compromised due to drug-resistant strains. In this review, we cover the field of …