Showing 101–125 of 200 documents
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Anna An Starshinova, Adilya Sabirova, Olesya Koroteeva, Igor Kudryavtsev, Artem Rubinstein, et al.
…new opportunities for precise, biomarker-based differential diagnostics. **METHODS:** Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of host immune responses has revealed reproducible gene and protein signatures associated with LTBI and ATB. The integration of ML techniques-including fe…
Rishi Chowdhary, Zainab Awan, Param Darpan Sheth, Ibrahim Reyaz
…. Future priorities include the development of non-invasive diagnostics, trials comparing biologics with steroids, and the exploration of genetic mutations in refractory disease.
Siddhant Shetty, Priti Kambli, Camilla Rodrigues
Despite all the advances made in Tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics and therapeutics, the fight against this disease is far from over. The disease is now spreading faster due to rapid urbanisation and close clustering. Added to this is the new problem of drug resistance, its early dia…
Hien Thi Thu Nguyen, Vang Le-Quy, Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan, Linh Nhat Nguyen
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to support tuberculosis (TB) screening and diagnosis, particularly through computer-aided detection (CAD) applied to chest radiography (CXR). However, the programmatic value of AI depends not only on diagnostic accuracy but also o…
Selvamano Selvaraj, Jayaprakash N S
…rticle presents a brief review of recent developments in TB diagnostics, covering immunological, molecular, and monoclonal antibody-based platforms. The review also discusses the emerging role of artificial intelligence and deep machine learning platforms as complementary diagnos…
Kara Lukas, Madeleine T Dang, Clare Necas, Vishwanath Venketaraman
… and drug-resistant TB, focusing on pharmacologic regimens, diagnostics, and adjunctive therapies. For drug-sensitive TB, a 4-month rifapentine-moxifloxacin regimen has been proven to be non-inferior to the traditional 6-month standard, while optimized pyrazinamide dosing or faro…
Daoguangyao Zhang, Xuefei Lv, Hao Jiang, Yunlong Fan, Kexin Liu, et al.
…tegies across each functional layer of respiratory pathogen diagnostics: from chip architecture and fluidic control to amplification analysis, signal prediction, and smartphone/IoT-linked decision support. We highlight key areas where AI offers measurable benefits over convention…
Defne Yigci, İlker Kayı, Yusuf Ziya Demiroğlu, Murat Kutlu, Zeki Kılıçaslan, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health challenge. We provide an overview of the current TB epidemiology in Turkey, highlighting key findings related to TB incidence, diagnostic challenges, and treatment outcomes. **RESULTS:** A gradual …
Sunil S Adav, Kee Woei Ng
…ction and long-term storage suitability make them ideal for diagnostics and investigations, offering historical insights into health and exposure records. In medicine, hair analysis provides a long-term biochemical profile, aiding in monitoring health conditions, nutritional defi…
Charles L. Daley
This chapter discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of the more common forms of extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB can be challenging given the nonspecific clinical presentations, difficulty in obtaining specimens for testing, …
Ye Myat, Chris Orton, Hannah Jarvis, Onn Min Kon
…ppropriate treatment. Polymerase chain reaction based rapid diagnostics improve diagnostic accuracy and ability to quickly identify resistance patterns. Standard treatment choices and route of administration may need to be modified given uncertain enteral absorption and concerns …
Chris Orton, Hannah Jarvis, Onn Min Kon
…ppropriate treatment. Polymerase chain reaction based rapid diagnostics improve diagnostic accuracy and ability to quickly identify resistance patterns. Standard treatment choices and route of administration may need to be modified given uncertain enteral absorption and concerns …
Radha Gopalaswamy, Gowsalya Saminathan, Vasudevan Manoharan, Siva Kumar Shanmugam
…untries (LMICs). In recent years, advancements in molecular diagnostics have transformed the landscape of TB detection. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have rapidly emerged and are well developed, offering timely and accu…
Akanksha Sirohi, Yash Vardhan Trivedi, Tavishi Katoch, Benjamin Walters, Vasu Bansal, et al.
…f the latest evidence-based guidelines and literature on TB diagnostics, treatment regimens, and latent TB infection (LTBI) management was conducted. Key public health challenges and interventions targeting socioeconomic disparities, stigma, and healthcare access among high-risk …
Jiyoung Song, Eui Jin Hwang, Soon Ho Yoon, Chang Min Park, Jin Mo Goo
Over the past decade, Investigative Radiology has published numerous studies that have fundamentally advanced the field of thoracic imaging. This review summarizes key developments in imaging modalities, computational tools, and clinical applications, highlighting major breakthro…
Poonam Chaudhary, Shweta Bandhekar, Padmakant Umakant Dhage, Lata Tembhare, V Preethi, et al.
…l advance in the deployment of AI-driven infectious disease diagnostics in resource-sensitive hospital settings.
Chandrakant Kokane, Neeta A Deshpande, Harsha Avinash Bhute, Harsha Jitendra Sarode, Manohar K Kodmelwar, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world's major health issues, especially in low- and middle-income nations without many diagnostic methods. TB is a widespread global disease that continues to be a problem of low-income countries. Sputum smear microscopy is often th…
Radha Gopalaswamy, Selvakumar Subbian
SUMMARYThe global resurgence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) presents a formidable challenge to public health, driven by a complex interplay of mycobacterial evolution, dynamics and outcomes of host-pathogen interactions and systemic gaps in diagnosis and treatment strateg…
Jean de Dieu Iragena, Esther Uwimaana, Derrick Semugenze, Kevin Komakech, Achilles Katamba, et al.
… and English from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase for TB diagnostics endorsed by WHO between January 2007 and December 2017, extending to December 2021 for recent technologies. We included publications from the 47 countries in the WHO/AFR. Data were analyzed using PRISMA diagr…
Yasuhiro Kano, Yukinori Harada, Toshinori Nishizawa, Taro Shimizu
**INTRODUCTION:** The differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin (FUO) resembles that of inflammation of unknown origin (IUO), but the concept and differential diagnosis of FUO with no inflammatory laboratory evidence (FUO-NIL) are unknown. The aim was to propose the conce…
Qiang Ji
**BACKGROUND:** Abdominal tuberculosis is a rare and diagnostically challenging form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that can closely mimic advanced ovarian cancer both clinically and radiologically. This case is reported to highlight this diagnostic dilemma and the serious postop…
P Gunavathy, B. Usharani, Muthukumar Anbazhagi, R Venkateswari, B. Revathi Mani, et al.
It is crucial to rapidly and accurately diagnose tuberculosis (TB) to reduce morbidity, mortality, and the risk of transmission. A simple, cost-effective diagnostic test to rapidly detect M. tuberculosis in clinical samples is essential. We evaluated an in-house diagnostic test b…
Rong Bao, Liping Ma, Wenjing Wang
**BACKGROUND:** Tropheryma whipplei is a Gram-positive aerobic bacillus belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria. It is the causative agent of Whipple's disease, a multi-systemic illness that can lead to pneumonia when the lungs are involved. Currently, there is no expert consensus…
Shivani Choubey, Farha Siddiqui, Bhavya Sharda, Anand Kumar Maurya, Ayush Gupta, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-related complications, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and classical tuberculosis (TB) are all examples of mycobacterial diseases. Accurate pathogen identification and host immunological state are essential for diagnosis and …
Francis Adu-Amankwaah, Suzzana Dickson Buabeng, Isabella Sanette Agyekum, Ndivhuwo Tshililo, Lucinda Baatjies, et al.
… molecular interface is essential for developing integrated diagnostics and safe treatment regimens. This review integrates current evidence on the overlapping pathogenic, immunological and molecular landscapes of TB and lung cancer to identify shared mechanisms, diagnostic dilem…