Mycobacterial Infections

Abstract Admission of active tuberculosis cases to critical care is rare but associated with a high mortality rate. Diagnostic approaches combining radiology and microbiological aspects allow for rapid commencement of appropriate treatment. Polymerase chain reaction based rapid diagnostics improve diagnostic accuracy and ability to quickly identify resistance patterns. Standard treatment choices and route of administration may need to be modified given uncertain enteral absorption and concerns over drug interactions and drug resistance. Infection control measures continue to be important in a critical care setting for the safety of staff and other patients.