Showing 26–50 of 184 documents
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Edine Tiemersma, Susan van den Hof, Michael Kimerling
In 2014, with new drugs and regimens becoming available for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that countries should conduct active pharmacovigilance (PV) for these new drugs and regimens. Because of the c…
Usharani Brammachary, Venkateswari Ramachandra, Suganthi Palavesam, Vidya Raj Cuppusamy Kapalamurthy, Aaina Muralidhar, et al.
…allenging infection to treat worldwide. The contemporary TB regimens consist of 6–9 months of daily doses of four drugs in the existing regimen that is extremely toxic to patients. The purpose of these longer treatments is to eliminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, notorious for it…
Kyung Hyun Oh, Alvin Kuo Jing Teo, Manami Yanagawa, Avinash Kanchar, Dennis Falzon, et al.
…and five now offer shorter rifapentine- or rifampicin-based regimens. The number of people started on TPT rose sharply in most settings, driven by household contacts aged ≥ 5 years in Cambodia, Mongolia and the Philippines and by people living with HIV i…
Spencer C Darveau, Sharan Yadav, Kelly E Dooley, Jyoti S Mathad
…ally for women living with HIV. TB preventive therapy (TPT) regimens treat TB infection and prevent progression to TB disease, but the components of these regimens, including isoniazid and rifamycins, often interact with HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). There are limited data on…
Rafael Laniado-Laborı́n
Although the underlying general principles of management of tuberculosis are the same for all cases, there are certain special situations in which the treatment regimen must be modified. Uremia and post-renal transplant are both risk factors for tuberculosis due to the underlying…
Anita Saibannavar, Gurjeet Kaur, Nitin Kumbhar
… (DST) including line probe assays (LPA). Initial treatment regimens and subsequent modifications were documented and assessed. **RESULTS:** Out of 83 DR-TB patients the most prevalent pattern was Isoniazid monoresistance (H Mono DRTB) (45.78 %), followed by Rifampicin resi…
Joseph G. Kariuki, Symon M. Kariuki, Phuti Angel
…iveness of integrating Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) in treatment regimens for preventing and treating peripheral neuropathy and neurotoxic adverse events associated with Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) medications. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the practice o…
Maciej Michalik, Tomasz Lorenc, Krzysztof Marcinkowski, Mateusz Muras, Natalia Mikszta, et al.
…alence. The treatment of DR-TB has been complicated by long regimens, severe side effects and high overall costs, which contribute to non-adherence and treatment failures. Novel pharmacological agents including bedaquiline, linezolid, meropenem and more, have shown promise in imp…
Ho Won Kim, Hoe Sun Yoon, Jake Whang, Jong-Seok Kim
…ic pathogens. Standard therapy requires prolonged multidrug regimens, often extending for more than 12 months, yet treatment success remains limited, especially for MABC. One of the greatest barriers to effective therapy is not antimicrobial resistance alone but also the high bur…
Cybele Lara R Abad, Alex Zimmet, Aruna K Subramanian
…ian of 54.5 (range 2-180) days after starting ATT. Many ATT regimens were modified in the post-transplant phase (31/44, 70.4%). Of nine mortalities among LT recipients, only one was directly attributable to TB disease. For both cohort studies on KT candidates, EPTB was the most c…
Alberto Matteelli, Luca Rossi, Sofia Lovatti, Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho, Anita Sforza
… latest 2020 guidelines, the WHO recommended five different regimens and provided advice on their use considering TB burden, HIV status, age and pregnancy. The major problems related to TPT are duration of treatment, toxicity and tolerability, completion rates, and interactions b…
S.Z.Z. Cobongela, Tintswalo Mgwenya
…he introduction of these drugs, particularly in combination regimens such as the six-month Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid (BPaL) regimen, has shown promise in reducing treatment duration and improving efficacy for multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant …
Shubham Prasad, Himanshu Narang, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
…king. Since hepatotoxicity rate is similar across different regimens, reintroduction is individualized based on perceived clinical risk. Future research is needed to identify specific biomarker panel for diagnosing ATT-DILI.
Christian Tague
…ntituberculosis drugs, as well as the toxicity of prolonged regimens, further complicate clinical management. Mortality among coinfected patients remains high, sometimes exceeding 40%, particularly in the absence of early diagnosis and adequate treatment. Improved early detection…
Marcos Abdo Arbex
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a critical global public health challenge, requiring therapeutic strategies that ensure high cure rates while minimizing bacillary transmission. The 2022 World Health Organization (WHO) update for drug-resistant TB treatment prioritized a novel, 6-month,…
Shahnawaz Majeed, Safiya Mehraj, Zahoor Ahmad
…DR/RR-TB)/year. This deadly TB scenario demands new TB drug regimens to tackle global infection reservoir, and worldwide spread of drug resistance and DS TB. Successful entry of single new drug into market is much complicated mission owing to time, cost, efficacy, and safety issu…
Özlem Abakay, Menduh Oruç
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted by inhalation of droplets. Medication is the main component of TB treatment. When starting tuberculosis treatment, first a case definition is made and the treatment regi…
Wiwat Chancharoenthana, Tanaya Siripoon, Supitcha Kamolratanakul, Viravarn Luvira, Weerapong Phumratanaprapin, et al.
…e starting preventive therapy. Short-course rifamycin-based regimens (4 months of daily rifampin [4R], 3 months of once‑weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine [3HP], or 3 months of daily isoniazid plus rifampin [3HR]) enhance completion rates compared with …
H Manisha Yapa, Emily L-H MacLean, Nicolas A Menzies, Peter J Dodd, Anna Dean, et al.
…chronic lung disease, impacting quality of life. Newer oral regimens for multidrug-resistant TB are shorter and more effective than traditional regimens. New antibiotics under development may help overcome remaining safety and tolerability issues, while novel advanced therapeutic…
Yuqi Ma, Xiwei Lu, Xu Cao, Xintong Lv, Jiaying Li
…l, and timely drug susceptibility testing to adjust anti-TB regimens. Preventive treatment regimens for patients with diabetes and LTBI require further research. This study aims to provide evidence-based references for public health policymakers to help develop more targeted TB s…
Sandeep Rai, Abhishek Sen, Harsh Shah, Jay Patel
…nel, inadequate referral chains, and inconsistent treatment regimens. Lack of streamlined referral pathways and non-standardised treatment regimens posed problematic operational challenges. Weak involvement from the private sector and lack of training and supervision of frontline…
Pooja Gurram, Alan J. Wright
…verse-transcriptase inhibitor combination. Common treatment regimens for MAC infection include a 2- or 3-drug regimen with a macrolide (azithromycin or clarithromycin), ethambutol, and possibly rifabutin.
Roopendra Kumar, Jagdeep Singh Sohal, Ajay Vir Singh, Devendra Singh Chauhan
…n the long-term effectiveness of pretomanid in TB treatment regimens.
Omid Nikjeh, Seyedehparmis Rejali, Kayvan Sasaninia, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…nstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Beyond established regimens, we highlight host-directed strategies such as metformin, glutathione augmentation, mTOR modulation, and vitamin D; immunotherapies including interferon-γ, GM-CSF, and IL-7; and therapeutic vaccines (M72/A…
Jin Li, Yanmei Wang, Lei He, Luchuan Yang, Tao Tao, et al.
Although current combination regimens of antibiotics have significantly improved tuberculosis (TB) cure rates, substantial challenges persist in the global effort to end TB. These include poor patient compliance, the emergence of drug-resistant strains due to prolonged treatments…