Treatment Outcome, Medication Adherence, and Associated Factors After the Introduction of Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Regimen Among HIV/AIDS Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

BackgroundThis study assessed treatment outcomes, medication adherence, and associated factors among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients receiving dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from February to May 2024 using medical records of patients treated between 2018 and 2020. A total of 425 records were selected through random sampling. Sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related data were collected using a structured tool and analyzed with SPSS.ResultsAmong participants, 58.8% were female, and 76.0% were aged 31 to 60 years. Overall, medication adherence was 85.7%, and viral load suppression was achieved in 99.8% of patients. All patients were screened for tuberculosis, and 60% received isoniazid preventive therapy. Adherence was significantly associated with World Health Organization clinical stage, follow-up status, advanced HIV disease, and antiretroviral dose days.ConclusionDolutegravir-based ART showed excellent virologic outcomes and high adherence levels, highlighting key factors influencing treatment success.