Retrospective Analysis of Notification Cards about Adverse Events of Anti-tuberculosis Medicines

This study is devoted to the analysis of adverse events (AE) associated with the use of anti-tuberculosis medicines in the Kyrgyz Republic for 2023–2024, based on notification cards received by the pharmacovigilance and advertising department of the Department of Medicines and Medical Devices of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic. A total of 1152 notification cards were analyzed. AEs were recorded almost equally in men (49%) and women (51%), the average age of patients was 37,6 years. The most common AEs were hepatotoxic reactions (22,5%), especially with the combination drug Protube 4 (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol). Other common AEs were gastrointestinal disorders (20,9%), allergic reactions (11,6%), myelosuppression (12,2%), arthralgia (9,3%), and CNS disorders (7,8%). Cases of QT prolongation (2.6%) and fatal cardiotoxicity (0.5%) have been reported with the combination of bedaquiline and fluoroquinolones. Peripheral neuropathies, optic nerve damage, hypokalemia, and dyspnea have also been reported. The analysis highlights the high importance of systematic pharmacovigilance, especially in the context of polypharmacy and the use of regimens with potentially unidirectional toxic effects. The obtained data allow us to predict the development of AE and adjust pharmacotherapy, providing an individualized approach to the treatment of tuberculosis, minimizing the risks of multiple organ failure and increasing patient safety.