The use of linezolid and bedaquiline in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the postoperative period

Objective: to study the effectiveness of multidrug- and pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (ТВ) chemotherapy regimens with the inclusion of linezolid (Lzd) and bedaquiline (Bq) in operated patients for pulmonary ТВ. Material and methods. A non-randomized continuous single-center retrospective study of the data of 154 patients operated of NMRC PhPL for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in the period from 2018 to 2023 was performed. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of chemotherapy regimens was carried out depending on the inclusion of new anti-tuberculosis drugs in it. Results. The proportion of adverse reactions in both observation groups when prescribing anti-tuberculosis drugs, excluding the use of Lzd and Bq, was comparable. Undesirable side effects were observed in 24.1% (n=21/87) in group 1 and in 25.4% (n=17/67) in group 2. The inclusion of Lzd and Bq in the postoperative chemotherapy regimen allowed a statistically significant reduction in the duration of the course to 38.5±2.1 weeks compared with the control group, where this period was 44.6±2.2 weeks. Thus, the timing of a favorable outcome was reduced by 6.1 weeks (p<0.05). Adverse reactions occurred in 24.1 % of patients treated with Lzd and Bq. Conclusion. The inclusion of Lzd and Bq in the multidrug- and pre-extensively drug-resistant ТВ chemotherapy regimen makes it possible to reduce the total duration of the course until a favorable outcome occurs.