A Clinical Study of Risk Factors for Extensive Drug Resistance (XDR) Tuberculosis in Tertiary Care Hospital

XDR-TB involves resistance to the two most powerful anti-TB drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin, also known as multidrug-resistance (MDR-TB), in addition to resistance to any of the fluoro quinolones (such as levofloxacin or moxifloxacin) and to at least one of the three injectable second-line drugs (amikacin, capreomycin or kanamycin). Aim: To know the various risk factors for XDR tuberculosis and most common types of drug resistant patterns in XDR tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: This study was a hospital based record based study Conducted at DR-TB CENTRE, Department of pulmonary medicine, Government hospital for chest and communicable diseases (GHCCD), Andhra medical college, Visakhapatnam. It's a 2 years study conducted from September 2017 to August 2019 .Total number of 18 XDR tuberculosis patients were enrolled in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and all the patients were subjected to sputum for CBNAAT and line probe assay(first and second line). Results: In the present study majority were males (83.3%), majority (38.8%) were younger age group between age 31 to 40 years, most of the drug resistance pattern noticed for kanamycin combined with ofloxacin, 66.6% were MDR-TB failures. Smoking (77.7%), alcohol (72.2%), lower BMI (77.7%) were major risk factors and HIV (33.3%), hypertension (38.8%), diabetes (55.5%) were major Comorbidities in the present study.