Socio-demographic factors and drug resistance of M. tuberculosis in patients registered in megapolis

<b>Background:</b> The study of the relationship between socio-demographic factors and drug resistance (DR) of new TB cases in metropolis with a significant proportion of non-permanent population will contribute to an adequate choice of treatment regimens. <b>Aims:</b> (1) To characterize DR in new TB cases in Moscow. (2) To assess the relationship of socio-demographic factors and DR in new TB cases. <b>Methods:</b> The study included DST and molecular tests results to I and II line drugs for 120 strains of M.tuberculosis isolated from all 120 new TB cases who were registered in 6 months of 2017 in 5 of the 12 districts of Moscow, which reflect the general situation on DR in the city. <b>Results:</b> The highest DR share was observed to streptomycin (46.7%, 95% CI 44.0% - 62.5%) and to isoniazid (40.0%, 31.1% -49.3%). The smallest share of resistant strains was observed for linezolid (0.8%, 0.02% -4.56%) and cycloserine (0.8%, 0.02% - 4.56%). The share of MDR-TB was 27.5% (19.8% - 36.4%), and XDR-TB — 5.8% (2.4% - 11.7%). Among TB-HIV patients, there is a large share of DR strains for ethambutol (EMB) 35.0% (p = 0.0160), levofloxacin 20.0% (p = 0.005), and also for ofloxacin (OFL) 25.0% (p = 0.0019). The share of MDR-TB was significantly higher in the age group of 35-44 g. 39.0% (p = 0.0417), and the share of XDR-TB among HIV / TB patients was significantly higher — 20% (p = 0.0147). Multivariable logistic regression model with HIV, age groups, sex, employment status, showed that HIV is a fundamental factor for the development of DR (p&lt;0.05): OR OFL 10,8, EMB 3,7, XDR-TB 8,1. <b>Conclusions:</b> TB-HIV concentrates a certain combination of socio-demographic factors which lead to DR.