Rifampicin vs Rifabutin in HIV/AIDS Patients Combined With Tuberculosis

To compared the efficacy and safety of rifampicin and rifabutin which included in the standard treatment of anti-tuberculosis in HIV/AIDs patients combined with pulmonary tuberculosis, a multi-center, prospective cohort will be established. Antiviral efficacy and drug drug interaction will be investigated in order to provide optimized treatment for HIV/AIDs with tuberculosis.

Two hundreds and thirty participants will be randomly assigned to receive an anti--tuberculosis treatment include rifampicin or rifabutin for two months of intensive therapy. Isoniazid and rifampicin (or rifabutin) will be continued to use for four months of consolidation therapy. A total of followed up period will be 12 months.

The antiretroviral therapy（ART） include:

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg/d +Lamivudine 300mg/d+ Efavirenz 600mg/d; or Zidovudine 300mg bid +Lamivudine 300mg/d +Efavirenz 600mg/d.

ART will be started after 2 weeks of anti-tuberculosis.

The follow-up visits include 2th, 4th, 6th, 8th, 12th,16th, 20th, 24th, 32th, 36th, 40th, 44th and 48th week. sputum smear, sputum culture, chest X-ray, CD4 Lymphocyte counts,HIV viral load and adverse event will be tested and recorded.