Diagnostic Value of Dual-input Computed Tomography Perfusion on Detecting Bronchial-Pulmonary Artery Fistula in Tuberculosis Patients with Massive Hemoptysis

Rationale and objectives This prospective study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of dual-input computed tomography perfusion technique (DI-CTP) in identifying the bronchial-pulmonary artery fistula in patients tuberculosis with massive hemoptysis. Material and methods Twenty patients with tuberculosis with massive hemoptysis were enrolled from January 2015 to December 2015. The association between DI-CTP parameters and the diagnostic outcomes of digital subtraction angiography was assessed. Diagnostic efficacy of DI-CTP was evaluated by receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses using the diagnostic outcomes of digital subtraction angiography, which is the gold standard for identifying bronchial-pulmonary artery fistula. Results Compared to lung segments with normal blood flow (n = 304), those with bronchial-pulmonary artery fistula (n = 164) had a reduced pulmonary flow value, perfusion index (PI) value, and an elevated bronchial artery (BF) value in the DI-CTP scan, which was further confirmed by multivariate logistic regression. ROC analysis showed that PI and bronchial artery has an excellent diagnostic performance (both area under the ROC curve > 0.9, P Conclusions DI-CTP scan possesses the diagnostic value for detecting bronchial-pulmonary artery fistula in patients with tuberculosis with massive hemoptysis, providing an alternative diagnostic method.