Showing 126–150 of 200 documents
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World Health Organization
… Based on review by the WHO Technical Advisory Group on TB Diagnostics and Laboratory Strengthening, the publication recommends the use of two pretomanid test concentrations (0.5 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L) and establishes a critical concentration of 16 mg/L for cycloserine using the MGI…
Kaul S, Jakhar D, Mehta S, Singal A
Despite the availability of effective treatment regimens for cutaneous tuberculosis, challenges to disease control result from delayed diagnosis, infection with multidrug-resistant mycobacterial strains, and coinfection with HIV. Delayed diagnosis can be mitigated when dermatolog…
Andres S, Gröschel MI, Hillemann D, Merker M, Niemann S, et al.
Phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) for the two first-line tuberculosis drugs ethambutol and pyrazinamide is known to yield unreliable and inaccurate results. In this prospective study, we propose a diagnostic algorithm combining phenotypic DST with Sanger sequencing to …
Preeti Chhabria, Krunal Patel, Rahul Kamath, Avni Patel
Background: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, is a chronic infectious disease often complicated by immune-mediated reactions. Type 2 lepra reaction, or erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), is characterized by systemic inflammatory symptoms requiring immunosuppressive therapy. …
Florica Bărbuceanu
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a public health concern in numerous countries. Livestock can plays an important role in the global control of TB and, consequently, the prevention of tuberculosis in farm animals is an important goal. This study shows the relevance of the diagnostic of …
Tamer S. Ibrahim, Safaa Ragab Askar, Radwa Samir Mohamed Hagag, Sahar Abd El Shafy, Dalia Abd El Sattar El Embaby
Background: Accuracy and quick diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is the base to the effective treatment and management. Culture using Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of TB. The delay in the diagnosis increases the transmission opportun…
Ou X, Song Z, Zhao B, Pei S, Teng C, et al.
Purpose We aimed at evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of a nucleotide matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) assay to detect drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods Overall, 263 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates…
Ko SJ, Yoon KH
Background Several novel molecular platforms using nucleic acid amplification tests have been developed for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and rapid detection of isoniazid and rifampin resistance. Among them, the BD MAX MDR-TB assay (BD MAX) has shown high sensitiv…
Banerjee S, Severn M
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death, worldwide. Worldwide 10 million people developed TB in 2017, (i.e.,133 cases per 100,000).– However, only 6.4 million cases were reported to WHO, indicating that 36% of cases were undiagnosed or not reported. According to a …
Yeshimebet Retta
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is a curable and preventable disease; however, in 2015, 10.4 million people were diagnosed with TB, making it one of the top 10 causes of mortality. A major part of the TB disease burden is carried by low and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, which …
Srabani Banerjee, Melissa Severn
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death, worldwide. Worldwide 10 million people developed TB in 2017, (i.e.,133 cases per 100,000).– However, only 6.4 million cases were reported to WHO, indicating that 36% of cases were undiagnosed or not reported. According to a …
Rajani M, Banerjee M
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Bactec MGIT (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube) system is a rapid, reliable automated system for early diagnosis of pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB in setups where purchase of expen…
Ruofan Wang, Xiaosong Xu, 正志 瀧, Ruiying Li, Xiangsheng Cai
BACKGROUND: Corynebacterium striatum (C. striatum), a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen, is increasingly linked to healthcare-associated pneumonia (HAP) in immunocompromised patients, but its nonspecific manifestations and multidrug resistance cause diagnostic delays. This cas…
Hadizadeh Tasbiti A, Badmasti F, Siadat SD, Fateh A, Yari F, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) as a public health crisis is caused by the intracellular bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Detection of immunogenic proteins in TB is valuable for the development of diagnostic tests, vaccine formulations and monitoring treatment outcome. In this study, we d…
Botembetume Maboso, Rodney Ehrlich
<h3>Background</h3> Between January 2017 and November 2018, 2678 former gold miners from South African mines were examined and sputum screened with GeneExpert at Mafeteng Occupational Health Service Centre in Lesotho. Mean duration since last exposure was 12 years. A high prevale…
Yeshiwork Abebaw, Arash Ghodousi, Dawit Hailu Alemayehu, Abaysew Ayele, Gebremedhin Gebremicael, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tsukamurella species are rarely reported pathogens that can clinically mimic tuberculosis (TB). We report a challenging case of Tsukamurella species co-occurring with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in a pediatric patient. **CASE PRESENTATION:** A 12-ye…
Saheed Usman, Prosper Okonkwo, Oluwatoyin Jolayemi, Jay Osi-Samuels, Patrick Akande, et al.
<h3>Background</h3> Tuberculosis is a leading killer among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-infected individuals with latent TB are approximately 20–30 times more likely to develop TB disease, at a rate of 8–10% per year, with the disease estimated to ca…
Vogel M, Utpatel C, Corbett C, Kohl TA, Iskakova A, et al.
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is revolutionary for diagnostics of TB and its mutations associated with drug-resistances, but its uptake in low- and middle-income countries is hindered by concerns of implementation feasibility. Here, we provide a proof of concept for its successfu…
Kartiki Srivastava, Varsha Singh, Vinod Kumar Raikwar, Shampa Anupurba
**UNLABELLED:** It is well-established that direct drug susceptibility testing (DST) ofusing a liquid medium for first-line drugs provides accurate and time-saving results. The purpose of this study was to determine whether DST for second-line drugs could be successfully performe…
Saiduo Liu, Xinchun Ye, Fang Cheng, Kaijia Wu, Jiandan Yu, et al.
Abstract Objective This study investigated the clinical efficacy of bedaquiline‐containing regimens in the treatment of drug‐resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical diagnosis, treatmen…
Mwangi ZM, Ireri S, Opwaka H, Otieno L, Simam J, et al.
Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses a major global challenge to public health and therapeutics. It is an emerging global concern associated with increased morbidity and mortality mostly seen in the low- and middle-income countries. Molecular techniques are highly…
Mackow NA, Abi-Raad R, Kerantzas CA, Hui P, Malinis M, et al.
Standard diagnostics for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) including acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture, and Xpert™ MTB/RIF real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR; Xpert) have variable sensitivity and/or long turnaround times. We describe the clinical performance of a …
Sun X, Liu K, Zhao Y, Zhang T
Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease. microRNA (miR)-378 is involved in TB diagnosis. This study explored the effects of miR-378 on TB patients. Methods A total of 126 TB patients were selected, including 63 active TB and 63 latent TB, with 62 he…
PrasantaKumar Das, SomtirthaB Ganguly, Bodhisatya Mandal
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) still remains the major public health threat in India. Early diagnosis, so as to initiate early treatment is a priority as any delay, may complicate the prognosis further leading to the failure of an effective control. India accounts for 6% incidence…
Balaji L, Ramanan L, Nandhagopal M, Subramaniam J
Introduction The tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis involves various methods, such as microscopic examination, culture-based methods, molecular techniques, chest X-rays, serological tests, and interferon-gamma release assays. These methods help identify and confirm TB and its resistance…