Showing 101–125 of 200 documents
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Sethi S, Sharma S, Aggarwal AN, Dhatwalia SK, Rana R, et al.
Purpose To assess the Xpert MTB/XDR assay's efficiency in promptly detecting resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and second-line injectable drugs among tuberculosis (TB) patients. Methods From August 2020 to July 2021, TB suspected patient samples were enrolle…
Soeroto AY, Lestari BW, Santoso P, Chaidir L, Andriyoko B, et al.
Background Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) is largely underdetected in Indonesia. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) has recently been introduced, prioritizing patients at risk of RR-TB, followed by phenotypic drug-susceptibility (DST) if rifampicin resistance is detected. Objective…
Sipho H. Chauke, Saturnin Ombinda‐Lemboumba, Felix S. Dube, Patience Mthunzi‐Kufa
…virus infection (HIV). There are currently several rapid TB diagnostics, but most are limited due to costs and accessibility. Several genes, such as <i>catalase-peroxidase</i> (<i>kat</i>G) and <i>enoyl reductase</i> (<i>inh</i>A) genes, contain mutations that are responsible for…
Ninan MM, Rupali P, James P, Michael JS
Introduction: Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDRTB) is a public health concern. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of Genotype ® MTBDRsl for detection of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and second-line injectable drugs (SLIDs) and characterized mutations seen. Ma…
Christoph Lange, Anca Vasiliù, Anna M. Mandalakas
…attributed to improvements in the availability of molecular diagnostics for rifampicin resistance, overall antimicrobial resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is increasing. Approximately 15% of all deaths globally that are related to antimicrobial resistant M tuberculosis are…
Prasanna A, Niranjan V
…approaches in clinical setting provides rapid and sensitive diagnostics to combat the emerging drug resistance.
Pontali E, Visca D, Centis R, D'Ambrosio L, Spanevello A, et al.
Purpose of review Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB epidemics are key obstacles towards TB control and elimination. Recent findings Diagnosis of MDR/XDR-TB is difficult and requires several weeks. New diagnostic tools are being te…
Saderi L, Cabibbe AM, Puci M, Di Lorenzo B, Centis R, et al.
…40-$14.34 for equipment. CONCLUSION: The cost of MDR/XDR-TB diagnostics is lower in low resource settings. However, the cost-effective implementation of MDR/XDR-TB diagnostic algorithms requires careful consideration of local resources to avoid missed identification and the use o…
Dong B, He Z, Li Y, Xu X, Wang C, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) . Timely diagnosis and effective treatment are essential in the control of TB. Conventional smear microscopy still has low sensitivity and is unable to reveal the dru…
Krishna Himmatbhai Goyani, Daisy Patel, Shalin Vaniawala, Pratap N. Mukhopadhyaya
…fied the need for rapid, accurate, and affordable molecular diagnostics. In this study, we report the development and analytical validation of a multiplex real-time PCR assay employing contact-quenching fluorescence detection, allele-specific primers, and 3′ blocked wild-type all…
M. Kumar, Sonam Sharma
… endeavours. Focus is directed towards innovative molecular diagnostics, the incorporation of artificial intelligence, therapies aimed at the host, and the relationship between tuberculosis and comorbid conditions such as HIV and diabetes. An approach that encompasses multiple se…
Renuka Murhar, Sunita Gajbhiye, S.S. Zodpey, Shailesh Lichade
Background: Diagnosis of EPTB is often delayed due to its paucibacillary nature. Diagnostic modalities like conventional methods and molecular methods like GeneXpert are employed for Mycobacteria detection and their results are compared. Line Probe Assay is used for determination…
Majani Edward, Ameh Wisdom Owoicho
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, affecting millions annually. Despite significant progress in screening and treatment efforts, substantial hurdles persist, hindering the global aspiration for TB eradication. This article delves into the critical challeng…
World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia
The World Health Organization's South-East Asia (SEA) Region has the highest burden of tuberculosis in the world. Appreciable progress has been made with TB control using the DOTS strategy, and several countries in the Region have reached the global targets. Renewed emphasis has …
Friesen I, Dreyer V, Klingmüller A, Zuber S, Hoffmann AM, et al.
… is not detected by routine molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics, complicating the detection and treatment of these strains. The occurrence of such mutations underscores the need for enhanced diagnostic techniques and tailored treatment regimens, especially in eastern Euro…
Magdalena Druszczyńska, Beata Sadowska, Agnieszka Zabłotni, Lesia Zhuravska, Jakub Kulesza, et al.
This review addresses the urgent need for alternative strategies to combat drug-resistant mycobacterial infections, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis, as well as non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) diseases. Traditional antibiot…
Kenneth W Foreman, Hui-Chen Foreman
…a broadly effective vaccine, limited sensitivity of current diagnostics, particularly for paucibacillary and extrapulmonary TB, and significant adverse effects associated with prolonged small-molecule drug regimens. The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensiv…
Darole PA, Tayade KS, Uma S, Wadal AR, Patara PP
Diagnostic criteria of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) have expanded to include many new symptoms since the original description of Devic's disease in 1894, and the formulation of diagnostic criteria in 2006. Herein, we describe a patient with serum aquaporin posi…
Hamidah Hussain, Amyn A. Malik
Preventing tuberculosis infection from progressing to tuberculosis disease is a crucial component of the goal to eliminate tuberculosis. When deciding on the use of tuberculosis preventive therapy among household contacts, policy makers regularly ask questions, such as whether tu…
M. Santhana Kumar, M. Arhoul Rennies, Rajeshwari Sivaraj, R Sneha, S. Vennila
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health challenge, presenting primarily as pulmonary TB (PTB) or, less commonly, as extra pulmonary TB (EPTB). Objectives: This study aimed to: (1) document the clinical symptoms of PTB and EPTB; (2) identify associated r…
Gunar Günther, Nunurai Ruswa, P Keller
…Recent developments are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS Molecular diagnostics, for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection and prediction of drug resistance, implemented in the last decade, accelerated TB diagnosis with improved case detection. Nevertheless, access and coverage of…
Gunar Günther, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Claude Leu, Christoph Lange, Frank van Leth, et al.
Abstract Background Access to comprehensive diagnostics and novel anti-tuberculosis medicines is crucial to improve tuberculosis control at times of emerging Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance. Methods We investigated access to genotypic and phenotypic M tuberculosis drug…
World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia
… drug susceptibility testing andthrough deploying the newer diagnostics now available is a critical prerequisitefor managing as well as monitoring trends in drug-resistant TB. The workshop on Strengthening Laboratory Diagnosis ofMultidrug and Extensively Drug-Resistant TB was org…
Jain A, Kumar R, Mothsra P, Sharma AK, Singh AK, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death world-wide after AIDS. It infects around one-third of global population and approximately two million people die annually from this disease because it is a very contagious disease spread by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . The i…
Masoud Arefnezhad, Mahshid Nasehi, Aliakbar Fazaeli, Saeed Sharafi, Rajabali Daroudi
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health crisis, regaining its status as the leading cause of death in 2023. Quantifying its economic burden is essential for crafting effective public health strategies. This study aimed to estimate the economic burden…