Showing 101–125 of 184 documents
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Shah JA, Warr AJ, Graustein AD, Saha A, Dunstan SJ, et al.
The major human genes regulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis -induced immune responses and tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility are poorly understood. Although IL-12 and IL-10 are critical for TB pathogenesis, the genetic factors that regulate their expression in humans are unknown. C…
Kodjo Agbéko Djagadou, Lihanimpo Djalogue, Abou-bakari Tchala, Platini Ngassu, Mohaman Awalou Djibril
Objective: describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspect of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio in Lomé. Methodology: This was a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 4 years, from November …
Chiara Del Bono, Rosa Francavilla, Chiara Ghizzi
Background - Rates of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) are higher in paediatric patients, especially in those from endemic areas. Bone TB is mostly located in the spine and in children may cause rapid bone destruction with severe deformity and neurological deficits. Case report -…
N AlGhazi A, H AlZahrani M, AlMutiri WA, AlZoum NM
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . TB primarily affects the lungs. A small percentage of cases are associated with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Of all EPTB, skeletal TB accounts for 1-5% of the cases, with the vertebrae bein…
Tobin EH, Warda K, Gropper C, Apple A, Vadakekut ES
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by species of mycobacteria, most commonly Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). TB has a worldwide distribution that is heavily weighted toward developing countries and is encountered infrequently in developed parts of the…
Mondal S, Mandal A, Saha S, Chakrabarty PS, Datta P, et al.
Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) accounts for 85% of all reported tuberculosis cases globally. Extrapulmonary involvement can occur in isolation or along with a pulmonary focus as in the case of patients with disseminated tuberculosis (TB). EPTB can occur through hematogen…
Ghosh AK, Chaudhari VA, Joseph NM, Shaha KK
Introduction An autopsy is a valuable tool for finding the cause of death, exploring the clinical diagnosis, documenting unexpected findings, and resolving diagnostic questions. However, this may subject the forensic pathologist and other workers to a wide variety of blood-borne …
Nguyen KH, Alcantara CA, Glassman I, May N, Mundra A, et al.
Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that humanity struggled with for centuries and continues to struggle with. The bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis often infects the lungs through respiratory transmission and manifests itself through various symptoms, including cutaneous infect…
Matteo MJ, Latini MC, Martinovic DN, Bottiglieri M
The WHO aims to reduce the number of deaths from TB by 95% and decrease its incidence rate by 90% between 2015 and 2035. The recommended rapid diagnostic tests are accurate and cost-effective, allow for a prompt start to treatment, and influence other outcomes that are important …
Song Z, He W, Pei S, Zhao B, Cao X, et al.
Importance To date, rapid diagnostic methods based on the MPT64 antigen assay are increasingly utilized to differentiate between non-tuberculous mycobacteria and TB disease in clinical settings. Furthermore, numerous novel techniques based on the MPT64 release assay are continuou…
Aouraghe H, Benchekroun S, Mahraoui C, ElHafidi N
Multifocal tuberculosis (TB) accounts for up to one-third of all cases of TB and children are at higher risk for extrapulmonary TB than adults. Spinal TB is the regular form of skeletal TB. Spondylodiscitis TB represents 47%-94% of spinal TB. Cervical localization is rare but rem…
Doležalová K, Kika V, Göpfertová D, Wallenfels J
Objective Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in children globally represents a proportion of all cases of tuberculosis, reaching 20% according to published reports. Children are at a higher risk for disseminated TB and extrapulmonary forms. The most prevalent clinical presentatio…
Goslett C, Du Preez K, Hendricks G, Best A
Ciara Goslett's account of childhood tuberculosis (TB) sheds light on the challenges faced by children diagnosed with TB in South Africa (SA). Children are particularly vulnerable to TB infection and to dangerous forms of disseminated TB such as TB meningitis, which can cause dea…
Ramachandran PS, Ramesh A, Creswell FV, Wapniarski A, Narendra R, et al.
The epidemiology of infectious causes of meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa is not well understood, and a common cause of meningitis in this region, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), is notoriously hard to diagnose. Here we show that integrating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metagenomic…
González Saldaña N, Macías Parra M, Xochihua Díaz L, Palavicini Rueda M, Carmona Vargas AJ, et al.
Purpose The objective of the present study is to describe the clinical, diagnostic, radiological and therapeutic aspects of osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) in patients in a tertiary pediatric hospital, to know if the diagnosis of OATB in pediatrics is a challenge due to its in…
Parada C, Neri-Badillo IC, Vallecillo AJ, Segura E, Silva-Miranda M, et al.
In recent years, knowledge of the role that protein methylation is playing on the physiopathogenesis of bacteria has grown. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis , methylation of the heparin binding hemagglutinin adhesin modulates the immune response, making this protein a subunit vaccin…
Gupta V, Kulkarni V, H R, Dua G, Gupta A, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) manifests in various forms, including extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), which poses diagnostic dilemmas due to its wide-ranging clinical presentations. When TB affects the bones of the hands and feet, it can present a diagnostic labyrinth for clinicians. In su…
Tandel N, Joseph AZ, Joshi A, Shrama P, Mishra RP, et al.
Introduction : Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the major global health threats and delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis continues to fuel the global epidemic. The conventional diagnostic approaches have shortcomings that might hinder the process of diagnosis of the disease and ult…
Pu F, Pu F, Feng J, Xia P, Xia P
…tic marker for TB, and it is important in developing new TB vaccines and anti-TB drugs. Recently, basic research on HBHA has been intensified. The HBHA application in the field of prevention and treatment should be further explored. In addition, the existing research achievements…
Basnet P, Joshi A, Karki S, Thapa AJ, Poudel P, et al.
Introduction Potts disease is extrapulmonary skeletal tuberculosis mostly affecting the thoracolumbar spine. It destroys the disc space, adjacent vertebral bodies, and spinal elements, leading to cord compression and paraplegia. Methods This is a case report study of a 29-month-o…
Tadele H
Background Cutaneous tuberculosis represents only 1-2% of extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis. Scrofuloderma is an endogenous form of cutaneous tuberculosis and can present as isolated or coexist with pulmonary and disseminated forms of tuberculosis. Pathologically confirmed scr…
Young C, Walzl G, Du Plessis N
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licenced tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, but has limited efficacy against pulmonary TB disease development and modest protection against extrapulmonary TB. Preventative antibiotic treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections in hi…
Abreu N, Serrado MA, Matos R, Carneiro R, Nunes A
We present a case of a 14-year-old girl, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinated, who presented with vague symptoms of abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue. Imaging studies revealed a pelvic mass, later found to be pelvic tuberculosis, a rare diagnosis to consider at this a…
Chatterjee S, Toshniwal MN, Bhide P, Sachdeva KS, Rao R, et al.
BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of economic analysis required to support increased investment in TB in India. This study estimates the costs of TB services from a health systems´ perspective to facilitate the efficient allocation of resources by India´s National Tuberculosis Elimin…
Walzl G, McNerney R, du Plessis N, Bates M, McHugh TD, et al.
Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis and detection of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis is essential for achieving global tuberculosis control. Despite the introduction of the Xpert MTB/RIF…