Showing 101–125 of 200 documents
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Jay A. Fishman
…holar,7Viana L, Cristelli M, Santos DW, et al. Influence of epidemiology, immunosuppression, clinical presentation and treatment on kidney transplant outcomes of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort analysis [published online ahead of print 2018]. Am J Tra…
E Castellanos-García, M. A Carrillo-Conde
OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological study of prevalence, carried out at Center for Drug Addiction of the center of addictions of Nou Barris (Barcelona, Spain) during 2013-2016 in order to know the prevalence of tuberculin test reactivity (TTR) and its predictive factors in drug-dependent …
I Izanna, S Mohamad Ikhsan, M Mariam, I Siti Hasmah
…n countries with a high vaccination rate. Understanding the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of measles between adults and children is critical in guiding targeted public health interventions aimed at control and elimination of measles. This study aimed to describe the i…
Charisse Mandimika, Gerald Friedland
This chapter discusses the global and local epidemiology, clinical features, and recent selected advances and challenges in the prevention and treatment of TB/HIV disease. Drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics are a…
Edgar Ortíz‐Brizuela, Dick Menzies
…or tuberculosis might be effective in changing tuberculosis epidemiology and thereby improving population health if delivered with high coverage and intensity. If possible, active case-finding projects should incorporate a well designed, robust evaluation to contribute to the evi…
Pamela Laird, André Schultz
The incidence of TB is decreasing, but still, almost 25% of the world's population are infected [[1]Global tuberculosis reportWorld Health Organization; 2020. Licence. CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO, Geneva2020Google Scholar]. TB has largely been eradicated in many wealthy nations and has a…
Alimuddin Zumla, Jeremiah Chakaya, Mishal Khan, Razia Fatima, Christian Wejse, et al.
…n NTM management. In addition to the need for research into epidemiology, immunology and treatment, they recommend an 8-point plan including greater use of patient and clinician networks to educate primary and secondary care clinicians and promote a multidisciplinary team approac…
Wangari IM, Trauer J, Stone L
A tuberculosis (TB) model that accounts for heterogeneity in host susceptibility to tuberculosis is proposed, with the aim of investigating the implications this may have for the effectiveness of public health interventions. The model examines the possibility that recovered indiv…
Adhikari S, Saud B, Sunar S, Ghimire S, Yadav BP
…The present study aims to increase our understanding of the epidemiology of mutations in the rpoB gene in tuberculosis-positive patients by using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in a rural setting in Pyuthan Hospital, Nepal. Sputum from 2733 patients was tested for the diagnosis of tuber…
Rhines AS, Feldman MW, Bendavid E
Background We model the epidemiological impact of providing isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) to South African adolescents, among whom HIV prevalence is low, latent tuberculosis (TB) prevalence is high, and school-based programs may enable population-level coverage. Methods We s…
Mave V, Chandrasekaran P, Chavan A, Shivakumar SVBY, Danasekaran K, et al.
Despite substantial exposure to infectious pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases, some household contacts (HHC) never acquire latent TB infection (LTBI). Characterizing these "resisters" can inform who to study immunologically for the development of TB vaccines. We enrolled HHCs of c…
Rea E, Leung T
Background Smoking is known to increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection, active TB disease, relapse following treatment and death from TB, but its significance is often underappreciated as a potentially reversible risk factor in public health and clinical TB practice in C…
Asare-Baah M, Séraphin MN, Salmon-Trejo LAT, Johnston L, Dominique L, et al.
Background Cluster and contact investigations aim to identify and treat individuals with tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI). Although genotyped cluster investigations may be superior to contact investigations in generating additional epidemiological links, this may …
Sangphoo T, Chaiear N, Chanpho P
Between October 2016 and September 2018, fifteen health workers were diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) at a tertiary hospital in northeastern Thailand. However, the cases could not be diagnosed as occupational TB according to international standards because of hospital limitations…
Yvette Farrugia, Daniela Chatlani, Christopher E. Camilleri, Martina Sciberras, Pierre Ellul
Abstract Background Patients being treated with biologics or JAK inhibitors have an increased reactivation risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and this is associated with a more severe infective course. Current ECCO guidance recommends the screening for LTBI by a combin…
Wang EW, Okwesili CN, Doub JB
With increased use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, screening for latent tuberculosis infection is more important than ever. However, even with appropriate screening, reactivation of tuberculosis can occur in patients who have had significant epidemiological exposures. H…
O'Connell J, de Barra E, McConkey S
…y review the literature to identify what is known about the epidemiology of LTBI and the uptake and completion of LTBI screening and treatment in Ireland to inform the programmatic management of LTBI nationally. A systematic literature review was performed according to a review p…
Aduh U, Ewa AU, Sam-Agudu NA, Urhioke O, Kusimo O, et al.
Objectives Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading infectious cause of death globally. Of the estimated 10 million people who developed active TB in 2019, 1.8 million (18%) were adolescents and young adults aged 15-24 years. Adolescents have poorer rates of TB screening, treatment initiat…
Prieto García R, Millet JP, Palma D, Barbaglia Navarro MG, Gibert CR
Introduction People who consume drugs have a higher risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Our objective was to study the characteristics of people who use drugs and who attended the Centers for Drug Dependence Care and Follow-up of Barcelona during 2017-2021 and presented…
I Izanna, S Mohamad Ikhsan, M Mariam, I Siti Hasmah
…n countries with a high vaccination rate. Understanding the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of measles between adults and children is critical in guiding targeted public health interventions aimed at control and elimination of measles. This study aimed to describe the i…
Kyaw NTT, Silin M, Trieu L, Ahuja SD, Foerster S, et al.
Background There were limited data on tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology and outcomes among older adults in the United States. We analyzed TB epidemiology and outcomes among New York City residents to identify opportunities for prevention and improved outcomes among older adults. Met…
N. V. Kharchenko, T.V. Pluzhnikova, O.I. Krasnova, Анатолий Васильевич Костриков, K.I. Kovbasa
…ofessionals and members of the public more attentive to the epidemiology and various clinical manifestations of tuberculosis. This is important because: tuberculosis can occur in different forms; the onset of tuberculosis is not always clear; typical symptoms are not always detec…
Holly Meacham, Takaaki Kobayashi, Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Stephanie Holley, Michael B. Edmond, et al.
…ever, hospitals may opt to continue based on their local TB epidemiology. We assessed TB infection control parameters in our facility to guide the implementation of the new CDC recommendations. Methods: We retrieved data for patients with an International Classification of Diseas…
Ugwu Kenneth Chukwudi, Ene Paschal Chuka, Orji Nkeiru MaryAnn., Umedum Chinelo U., Umetiti Chukwuemeka Nnamdi, et al.
Aims: The aim of this research work was to survey the epidemiology and diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) amongst HIV and Diabetic patients in Anambra state of Nigeria using Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA).
 Study Design: T…
Holden KL, Bradley CW, Curran ET, Pollard C, Smith G, et al.
Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major health burden worldwide. The disease may present as an individual case, community outbreak, or more rarely as a nosocomial outbreak. Even in countries with a low prevalence such as the UK, tuberculosis (TB) presents a risk to healt…