Showing 51–75 of 200 documents
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Chen Z, Zhang Y, Wu J, Xu J, Hu Z, et al.
…infections (LTBI). There is an urgent need to develop novel vaccines that can enhance the protective effect of BCG. Protein subunit vaccines have garnered significant research interest due to their safety and plasticity. Based on previous studies, we selected three antigens assoc…
Z. Mohamed, R.H. Pando, Mohd Nor Norazmi
Background: New effective tuberculosis (TB) vaccines are urgently needed to control the disease which infects about 10 million people and kills about 2 million people annually. The existing TB vaccine, Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG), is the only available licenced vaccine which is…
Angela Hidalgo-Gajardo, Bryan Mangui, Carla Villavicencio, Jorge R Toledo, Frank Camacho
…tes the host immune response used as a component in subunit vaccines, either alone or in combination with other antigens. Incorporating this protein into new diagnostic, therapeutic, and vaccine strategies could optimize disease control. This review explores HspX's multifaceted r…
Hu Z, Xia J, Wu J, Zhao H, Ji P, et al.
One-quarter of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ). After initial exposure, more immune-competent persons develop asymptomatic latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) but not active diseases, creates an extensive reservoir at risk of developing…
Martinelli M, Giugliano FP, Strisciuglio C, Urbonas V, Serban DE, et al.
…zation was recorded in 38/430 (8.8%) children, but specific vaccines were recommended in 79/430 patients (18.6%), without differences between the 2 groups. At IM start, 22% of children were tested for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status, with 96.2% of EBV-naïve patients starting azat…
Sam Ebenezer Rajadas, Vignesh Sounderrajan, Rajendran Amarnath Prabhakaran, Ragini Agrawal, Lavanya Jeyadoss, et al.
Abstract Background Vaccine development against tuberculosis remains a global health imperative, necessitating robust immunogenicity and safety profiles. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems offer promising avenues to enhance vaccine efficacy while ensuring tolerability. This stud…
Kailong Zhao, Zhijun Liu, Caihong Guo, Huili Xiang, Lili Liu, et al.
In China, approximately 350 million people with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are the major source of new TB cases, meanwhile, BCG vaccination for newborns and children under five fails to fully arrest the TB epidemic due to the mechanisms of vaccine failure. It is expecte…
Liang Y, Li X, Yang Y, Xiao L, Liang Y, et al.
…he effects of M. tuberculosis (MTB) ag85ab and 7 latent DNA vaccines on clearing latent MTB and preventing its activation in the mouse LTBI model. Methods A mouse LTBI model was established, and then immunized respectively with PBS, pVAX1 vector, Vaccae vaccine, ag85ab DNA and 7 …
Van Der Meeren O, Hatherill M, Nduba V, Wilkinson RJ, Muyoyeta M, et al.
Background A vaccine to interrupt the transmission of tuberculosis is needed. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial of the M72/AS01 E tuberculosis vaccine in Kenya, South Africa, and Zambia. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative…
E. M. Bogorodskaya, D.А. Kudlаy, L. V. Slogotskaya
…. The article presents data on development of new candidate vaccines and mechanisms of their effect on various parts of the immune system. Candidate vaccines are of particular interest, these candidate vaccines are used not only for prevention before infants are exposed to the in…
Pennisi M, Russo G, Sgroi G, Bonaccorso A, Parasiliti Palumbo GA, et al.
…n silico modelling of human immune responses to disease and vaccines, thereby drastically reduce the cost of clinical trials in this critical sector of public healthcare. Results We present the application of the Universal Immune System Simulator (UISS) computational modeling inf…
Riste M, Marshall JL, Satti I, Harris SA, Wilkie M, et al.
…I), but data are lacking for aerosol-delivered candidate TB vaccines in this population. We carried out a Phase I trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of MVA85A delivered by aerosol in UK adults with LTBI (NCT02532036). Two volunteers were recruited, and the vaccine wa…
Pandiarajan AN, Kumar NP, Rajamanickam A, Bhavani PK, Jeyadeepa B, et al.
Background Antimicrobial peptides are an important component of host defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the ability of BCG to induce AMPs as part of its mechanism of action has not been investigated in detail. Methods We investigated the impact of Bacillus Calme…
Pere-Joan Cardona, MD, PhD, Joan Costa, MD, PhD
The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of a new vaccine against Tuberculosis (RUTI) when administered to healthy adult volunteers, compared to placebo; and determine its safe dosage range. An initial evaluation of immune responses to the vaccine compared to placebo will …
Arumairaj AJ, Park H, Quesada F, Altonen B, Chaudhari S, et al.
Objective To determine if the QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT) testing can be obviated for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) and a history of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination by identifying high-risk fe…
Liang Y, Zhao Y, Bai X, Xiao L, Yang Y, et al.
…ent TB infection (LTBI) is a major source of active TB. New vaccines to treat LTBI are urgently demanded. In this study, the gene encoding latency-associated antigen Rv3407 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) rv3407 DNA vaccine was used to prepare and the immunogenicity and thera…
Mariotti S, Venturi G, Chiantore MV, Teloni R, De Santis R, et al.
Aims To evaluate whether antibodies specific for the vaccinia virus (VV) are still detectable after at least 45 years from immunization. To confirm that VV-specific antibodies are endowed with the capacity to neutralize Mpox virus (MPXV) in vitro. To test a possible role of polyc…
Shiraz M, Lata S, Kumar P, Shankar UN, Akif M
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) resides in alveolar macrophages as a non-dividing and dormant state causing latent tuberculosis. Currently, no vaccine is available against the latent tuberculosis. Latent Mtb expresses ~48 genes under the control of DosR regulon. Among these, put…
Videlis Nduba, Anna H. van’t Hoog, Annefleur de Bruijn, Ellen M.H. Mitchell, Kayla Laserson, et al.
Abstract Background: Adolescents are a prime target group for tuberculosis (TB) vaccine trials that include prevention of infection (POI). The BCG vaccine is given at birth and does not prevent TB infection. TB infection, a critical endpoint for POI vaccine trials would need to b…
Kadi C, Najimi N, El Fakihi S, El Allam A, Akil E, et al.
Background In Morocco, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a public health concern affected by the country's location as transit area between sub-Saharan Africa with high TB burden to Europe. This study aimed to assess the influence of exposure intensity to Mycobacterium tube…
Tovar M, Arregui S, Marinova D, Martín C, Sanz J, et al.
…rpretation of the data emanating from efficacy trials of TB vaccines, which renders them more interpretable in terms of transmission models and translates into explicit recommendations for vaccine developers.
Hacioglu A, Borekci S, Melikoglu M, Ozguler Y, Esatoglu SN, et al.
It is assumed that in candidates for TNF-alpha inhibitor (TNFi) treatment, tuberculin skin test (TST) may be unreliable, since BCG vaccination causes false positive and drugs cause false negative results, favoring the use of Quantiferon or T-spot assays. However, these tests may …
Julio HR Croda, PhD
In the last decade, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has declined in much of the world, but has increased in Central and South America. Since 2000, the prison population in these localizations has grown by 206%, the highest increase in the world. In the same period, the reporte…
Hüseyin Aytaç Erdem, Gamze Şanlıdağ, Ece Çınar, Melike Yaşar, Hüsnü Pullukçu, et al.
While severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly worldwide, some issues such as the uncertainty of the disease progress, whether intensive care will be needed, and risk classification are still important for clinicians. It is notable …
Sathkumara HD, Pai S, Aceves-Sánchez MJ, Ketheesan N, Flores-Valdez MA, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem causing significant mortality and morbidity. In addition to ~10.4 million cases of active TB annually, it is estimated that about two billion people are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), the causat…