Results for "Diagnostics"200

WHO standard: universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex A: uniting innovation and implementation: a mixed methods systematic review of implementation solutions to increase the uptake and impact of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests

Nathavitharana, Ruvandhi, Pearl, Abarna, O’Bryan, Matthew, Edwards, Matthew, van der Westhuizen, Helene-Mari, et al.

Background: Automated haematology analysers offer precise haemoglobin measurements, but are expensive and impractical for field, point of care, primary care and remote settings use. The portable and cost-effective Hemocue device provides an alternative. Comparing their accuracies is crucial to prevent diagnostic discrepancies and misdiagnoses. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of Hb HemoCue machine by comparing its performance to automated analyser at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) clinical laboratory where both equipment are used. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at KCMC Clinical Laboratory among adult patients whose haemoglobin concentrations were measured from May to June 2024. Haemoglobin levels were estimated using two distinct methods: Hb HemoCue machine and automated haematology analyser. Results: Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration values obtained from the HemoCue machine and the automated analyser, had a mean difference of 0.001 g/dL (95% Cl: -0.036 to 0.038), t value of 0.062, and a p-value of .95, indicating a non-statistically significant differences between the two measurement methods. The Bland-Altman plot analysis indicated that the mean difference (bias) between the two methods was 0.0012 g/dL, and the limits of agreement ranged from -0.481 to 0.482 g/dL, suggesting that the HemoCue machine tends to slightly overestimate Hb values compared to the automated haematology analyser. The Pearson correlation coefficient for the Hb concentrations measured using HemoCue and automated analyser was 0.995, indicating a very strong positive correlation. The HemoCue demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.3%, specifity of 90.4%, positive predictive value of 95.9% and a negative predictive value of 95.9%, indicating high performance accuracy of HemoCue in diagnosing anaemia. Conclusion: The study revealed strong agreement between HemoCue and automated haematology analyser for measuring haemoglobin concentrations. Both methods demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy suitable for clinical use. Although HemoCue slightly overestimated haemoglobin, this difference was deemed insignificant. The study endorses HemoCue as a reliable tool for haemoglobin concentration measurement alongside and in lack of automated analysers.

Kehongo Moses Nyanguru, Ephantus G. Ndirangu, Robi Chacha, Bakari Chaka, J. O. Moody, et al.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health burden, exacerbated by increasing multidrug resistance. Medicinal plants, such as Albizia zygia (DC.) J.F. Macbr, is being used in Kenya to manage TB symptoms; however, antimycobacterial potential remains scientifi…

Comparative Analysis of 2 Diagnostic Devices for Detection ofand Drug Resistance in Almaty, Kazakhstan, to Determine the Optimal Diagnostic for Local Needs.

Juliana G E Bartels, Nurlan Takenov, Lyailya Chingissova, Anar Rakisheva, Ainur Eleusizova, et al.

**BACKGROUND:** Rapid, accurate detection ofand drug resistance is crucial to reduce tuberculosis (TB) burden and prevent development of drug resistance in high-burden drug-resistant TB regions. **METHODS:** From December 2021 to July 2022, sputum samples from 1214 adult patient…

An enhancing diagnostic pulmonary diseases diagnostic method for differentiating talaromycosis from tuberculosis

Zhou Y, Lin P, Xia L, Heidari AA, Chen Y, et al.

Talaromycosis (TSM) affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), causing varied pulmonary abnormalities on chest computed tomography (CT). These features overlap with pulmonary tubercu…

Bayesian Estimation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Three Diagnostic Tests for Bovine Tuberculosis in Egyptian Dairy Cattle Using Latent Class Models

Elsohaby I, Alahadeb JI, Mahmmod YS, Mweu MM, Ahmed HA, et al.

The aim of the present study was to calculate the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the single cervical tuberculin test (SCT), rapid lateral flow test (RLFT), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis ( M. bovis ) infection i…

Unlocking the Diagnostic Challenge of Tuberculosis and Sarcoidosis Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy: Potential Role of HMGB1 and miRNA-221 as Diagnostic Tools.

Fatma Z Kamel, Nagwan Adel Ismail, Asmaa Z Khater, Alia A El Shahawy, Noura Almadani, et al.

Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis can present with similar clinical and radiological features, especially intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, complicating differential diagnosis. This study explored the potential utility of QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT), serum High Mobility Group Box 1 protein…

Manuel opérationnel de l’OMS sur la tuberculose : module 3 : diagnostic : outils de diagnostic rapide pour le dépistage de la tuberculose

Organisation mondiale de la Santé

Diagnostics to support the scaling up of shorter, safer tuberculosis regimens

David Branigan, Claudia M. Denkinger, Jennifer Furin, Petra Heitkamp, Stijn Deborggraeve, et al.

… and link more people to testing with WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics.7Stop TB PartnershipThe introducing new tools project.https://www.stoptb.org/accelerate-tb-innovations/introducing-new-tools-projectDate accessed: May 16, 2023Google Scholar, 8Marks GB Horsburgh Jr, CR Fox GJ…

Importance of next-generation diagnostics in control of tuberculosis in LMICs

Zahra Hasan, Sadia Shakoor, Rumina Hasan

…or use [[2]Nicol M.P. Zar H.J. New specimens and laboratory diagnostics for childhood pulmonary TB: progress and prospects.Paediatr Respir Rev. 2011; 12: 16-21Crossref PubMed Scopus (117) Google Scholar,[3]Hasan Z. Shakoor S. Arif F. Mehnaz A. Akber A. Haider M. et al.Evaluation …

Thinking beyond diagnostic accuracy to evaluate tuberculosis screening tests

Emily MacLean, H. Manisha Yapa

… High priority target product profiles for new tuberculosis diagnostics: report of a consensus meeting.https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-HTM-TB-2014.18Date: 2014Date accessed: February 12, 2024Google Scholar although signatures performed better than W4SS. All signatures…

Diagnostic Utility of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Cell-free DNA in Hong Kong

David SC Hui, MD

Tuberculosis (TB) is an endemic infectious disease in Hong Kong and a global health threat. Tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in China. Its presentation is frequently non-specific and the diagnosis is challenging due to its pauciba…

143 Essential diagnostic access gap in relation to neglected tropical diseases: the conundrum of global healthcare delivery

Biswajit Chakraborty, Amaj Laskar, Vipin Kumar, Zeeshan M Khan, Remesh Kumar, et al.

…iagnostic accessibility, WHO introduced the first Essential Diagnostics List (EDL) in 2018, providing a global framework for cost-effective and accurate diagnostics for critical diseases, including neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Building on this, several countries are develo…

Impact of diagnostic strategies for tuberculosis using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay in people living with HIV

Nathavitharana RR, Lederer P, Chaplin M, Bjerrum S, Steingart KR, et al.

Background Tuberculosis is the primary cause of hospital admission in people living with HIV, and the likelihood of death in the hospital is unacceptably high. The Alere Determine TB LAM Ag test (AlereLAM) is a point-of-care test and the only lateral flow lipoarabinomannan assay …

Development of accurate non-sputum-based diagnostic tests for tuberculosis: an ongoing challenge

Bianca Sossen, Graeme Meintjes

…OHigh-priority target product profiles for new tuberculosis diagnostics: report of a consensus meeting. World Health Organization, Geneva2014Google Scholar There is a clear need for tests that are non-sputum based (eg, urine or blood) in people with HIV, since risk of mortality i…

Diagnostic Utility of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Cell-free DNA

Ka Pang Chan, MBChB

…tagenomic NGS (mNGS) has been applied in infectious disease diagnostics. Chang et al. have previously evaluated the use of mNGS in blood and urine samples for tuberculosis diagnostics. They revealed that such methodology is limited by the low MTB concentration and the background …

The Feasibility and Acceptability of a Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease Diagnostic Algorithm in Uganda.

Mbarara University of Science and Technology

… referred to Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital for further diagnostics and care. A one-page triplicate referral form will be used to track referrals and ensure successful referral completion. The study team will conduct zoom conferences every fortnight with each of the four HC3 …

A retrospective analysis of the diagnostic utility of endobronchial ultrasound guided–intranodal forceps biopsy (EBUS-IFB) in the evaluation of mediastinal adenopathy

Richu Bob Kurien, Priya Nadesan, Balamugesh Thangakunam, Barney Isaac, Thomas Alex Kodiatte, et al.

Abstract Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the preferred diagnostic modality for evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy. However, its diagnostic yield is significantly reduced in conditions such as sarcoidosis, tuberculosis…

The Utility of Intensified Case Finding Combined With a Package of Novel TB Diagnostics Using a Mobile Clinic in Africa

Keertan Dheda, MBChB, PhD

… are not able to readily access clinic services. A standard diagnostics package consisting of smear microscopy and culture (with smear result available the next day) will be compared with a novel diagnostics package involving point-of-care sputum GeneXpert MTB/RIF performed at a …

Predicting the impact of patient and private provider behavior on diagnostic delay for pulmonary tuberculosis patients in India: A simulation modeling study

Deo S, Singh S, Jha N, Arinaminpathy N, Dewan P

Background Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in India continues to be high due, in large part, to long delays experienced by patients before successful diagnosis and treatment initiation, especially in the private sector. This diagnostic delay is driven by patients' inclination to swit…

Rapid Diagnostic Tests and Clinical/Laboratory Predictors of Tropical Diseases in Neurological Disorders in DRC

Emmanuel Bottieau, MD, Marleen Boelaert, MD, PhD

The impact of neurological disorders is enormous worldwide, and it is increased in poor settings, due to lack of diagnosis and treatment facilities as well as delayed management. In sub-Saharan Africa, the few observational studies conducted for the past 20 years show that neurol…

Implications of covariate induced test dependence on the diagnostic accuracy of latent class analysis in pulmonary tuberculosis

Human Sciences Research Council

In application studies of latent class analysis (LCA) evaluating imperfect diagnostic tests, residual dependence among the diagnostic tests still remain even after conditioning on the true disease status due to measured variables known to affect prevalence and/or alter diagnostic…

Implications of covariate induced test dependence on the diagnostic accuracy of latent class analysis in pulmonary tuberculosis

Keter AK, Lynen L, Van Heerden A, Goetghebeur E, Jacobs BKM

Background In application studies of latent class analysis (LCA) evaluating imperfect diagnostic tests, residual dependence among the diagnostic tests still remain even after conditioning on the true disease status due to measured variables known to affect prevalence and/or alter…