Showing 1–25 of 200 documents
Sorted by hybrid relevance (keyword + semantic via RRF)
Álvaro H Borges, Marisa Russell, Dereck Tait, Thomas J Scriba, Elisa Nemes, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** People with tuberculosis who complete treatment remain at risk of recurrent disease. The vaccine H56:IC31 has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in phase 1 and 2 studies, but whether it can reduce the risk of tuberculosis recurrence is unknown. **METHODS:** In…
Mvungi HC, Mbelele PM, Mbelele PM, Buza JJ, Mpagama SG, et al.
Background Human tuberculosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the result of the failure of host immune system to control mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aim of the study was to asses the changes of the cytokines in…
Qian Zhai, Xianglong Kong, Qian Li, Na Yang
…40) levels are associated with drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children with pulmonary tuberculosis. **METHODS:** In this prospective observational study, 235 pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated at Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital from February 2021 to …
Saha S, Saxena D, Raval D, Halkarni N, Doshi R, et al.
Introduction Adherence to tuberculosis (TB) medication is one of the critical challenges to tuberculosis elimination in India. Digital adherence technologies (DAT) have the potential to facilitate medication adherence and monitor it remotely. Tuberculosis Monitoring Encouragement…
Cintron C, Dauphinais M, Fiogbe AA, Dogo MF, Ate S, et al.
Introduction Undernourished persons with tuberculosis (TB) (PWTB) are at increased risk of mortality, treatment failure and relapse. Nutritional support for PWTB has the potential to mitigate the risk of undernutrition. However, given ethical concerns, well-powered randomised con…
Somoskovi A, Salfinger M
In 2019, tuberculosis is still a global source of morbidity and mortality. To determine and provide the most effective treatment regimen to patients, the tuberculosis laboratory needs to rapidly but reliably answer 2 main questions: (1) Is Mycobacterium tuberculosis detectable in…
Apolisi I, Cox H, Tyeku N, Daniels J, Mathee S, et al.
…th household exposure to multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) are at high risk of developing TB disease. Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) is recommended, but programmatic experience is limited, particularly for adolescents. Methods We conducted a prosp…
Tait D, Diacon A, Borges ÁH, van Brakel E, Hokey D, et al.
Background H56:IC31 is a candidate vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) with the potential to reduce TB recurrence rate. It is thus important for future clinical trials to demonstrate safety and immunogenicity of H56:IC31 in individuals treated for TB. Methods Twenty-two adults conf…
Sadovska D, Nodieva A, Pole I, Ķimsis J, Vīksna A, et al.
… exogenous reinfection are two possible causes of recurrent tuberculosis (TB). However, in some cases, precise cause determination can be challenging. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing to determine pairwise SNV distances and detect differing SNVs in initial and subse…
Chiwook Chung, Seung Won Lee, Dawoon Jeong, Hongjo Choi, Hojoon Sohn, et al.
…ment persists regarding the cause of death in patients with tuberculosis (TB) between the national TB registry and vital registration statistics. This study investigated the disagreement and contributing factors between TB-related and non-TB-related deaths using an integrated nat…
Zhang P, Shi H, Xie Y, Liang J, Hu Q, et al.
Background The coexistence of tuberculosis (TB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) presents unique challenges in treatment optimization and management, given the mutual exacerbation of disease processes. Objective This multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial aims to e…
Jeong D, Kim J, Lee SW, Choi H, Sohn H, et al.
Despite a steady decline in incidence, tuberculosis (TB) remains a substantial public health burden in Korea, particularly among older adults. Existing national TB surveillance systems lack sufficiently comprehensive data to assess long-term outcomes and health disparities. The K…
Jonathan Izudi, Simon Kyazze, Francis Bajunirwe
…ect on the well-being and treatment outcomes of people with tuberculosis (PWTB). Despite its negative effects, TB-related stigma remains underexplored in high-burden TB settings such as Uganda. **OBJECTIVE:** To examine the factors associated with tuberculosis (TB)-related stigm…
Osman M, van Schalkwyk C, Naidoo P, Seddon JA, Dunbar R, et al.
…V treatment eligibility criteria were expanded to allow all tuberculosis (TB) patients lifelong ART. The impact of this change on TB mortality in South Africa is not known. We evaluated mortality in all adults (≥ 15 years old) treated for drug-susceptible TB in South Africa betwe…
Freimane L, Kivrāne A, Ulanova V, Vīksna A, Sevostjanovs E, et al.
Biomarker research characterising the effect of anti-tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy on systemic body response is still limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate fluctuations in circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) and circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (ccf-nD…
Ki MS, Jeong D, Kang HY, Choi H, Sohn H, et al.
…kground The fixed-dose combination (FDC) for first-line antituberculosis (TB) treatment has long been a standard practice worldwide; however, there is limited evidence on whether the use of FDC improves long-term treatment outcomes in the real-world setting. Methods We identified…
Hassane-Harouna S, Gils T, Decroo T, Ortuño-Gutiérrez N, Delamou A, et al.
Directly observed treatment (DOT) for tuberculosis (TB) is recommended by the World Health Organization. However, DOT does not always meet patients' preferences, burdens health facilities, and is hard to implement in settings where access to healthcare services is regularly inter…
Araújo-Pereira M, Nogueira BMF, Spener-Gomes R, Carvalho ACC, Sant'Anna FM, et al.
Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major plague of humanity. People with TB (PWTB) are commonly anemic. Here, we assessed whether the severity of anemia in PWTB prior to anti-TB treatment (ATT) was a risk factor for an unfavorable outcome. Methods Patients ≥ 18 years old with…
Kalva J, Babu SP, Narasimhan PB, Raghupathy K, Ezhumalai K, et al.
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is well-known for causing wasting. Patients on treatment gain weight and weight loss is associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes. There is limited description of weight loss and its predictors during intensive treatment phase. The objective of t…
Adisa R, Ayandokun TT, Ige OM
Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. Although TB is curable provided the treatment commenced quickly, appropriately and uninterrupted throughout TB treatment duration. However, high default rate, treatment interruption and the…
Rebecca Thomas, Nicola L Harman, Paula R Williamson, Laura Bonnett, Geraint R Davies, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** The global burden of tuberculosis (TB) remains high, and treatment of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant diseases is complex and prolonged. International clinical trial networks and public-private partnerships are beginning to deliver advances in TB treatmen…
Shivakoti R, Dalli J, Kadam D, Gaikwad S, Barthwal M, et al.
Individuals with concurrent tuberculosis (TB) and Type 2 diabetes (DM) have a higher risk of adverse outcomes. To better understand potential immunological differences, we utilized a comprehensive panel to characterize pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving (i.e., mediators involved …
Pranay Sinha, Madhavi Bhargava, Madolyn R Dauphinais, Madeline E Carwile, C Robert Horsburgh, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Undernutrition is the leading cause of tuberculosis (TB) globally, but nutritional interventions are often considered cost-prohibitive. The RATIONS study demonstrated that nutritional supplementation to household contacts of persons with TB can reduce TB incidence…
Megerso A, Deyessa N, Jarso G, Worku A
…Three of the eight hospital patients were on drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Sixty two codes, five code categories and three themes emerged from the interviews. The three themes were health system, stigma and discrimination, and socioeconomic problem related experienc…
Shah D, Bhide S, Deshmukh R, Smith JP, Kaiplyawar S, et al.
…ulated areas in the world and is a major contributor to the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in India. A test and treat approach for TB infection (TBI) amongst household contacts (HHC) is part of the national policy for TB preventive treatment (TPT). However, in practice, the use of in…