Showing 1–25 of 195 documents
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Darrel Ornelle Elion Assiana, Franck Hardain Okemba-Okombi, Salomon Tchuandom Bonsi, Freisnel Hermeland Mouzinga, Juliet E Bryant, et al.
National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratories (NTRLs) are central to tuberculosis (TB) control programs. Between 2018 and 2024, the Republic of Congo, a country of 6 million inhabitants, achieved a transformative strengthening of its TB diagnostic system, coordinated by the NTRL. …
Francesca Saluzzo, Andrea Maurizio Cabibbe, Richard Anthony, Alexandra Aubry, Francis Drobniewski, et al.
The reported poor treatment outcomes for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in the European region highlight the urgent need for effective and context-appropriate diagnostic strategies. While the World Health Organisation (WHO) provides model algorithms, these require a…
Tiberi S, Utjesanovic N, Galvin J, Centis R, D'Ambrosio L, et al.
…form the reader on the latest developments in epidemiology, diagnostics and management. Epidemiology Drug-resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) continues to be a current global health threat, and is defined by higher morbidity and mortality, sequelae, higher cost and complexity. The WHO…
Agata Maciejak-Jastrzębska, Grażyna Sygitowicz, Sylwia Brzezińska, Kinga Bielska, Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć
…h rate, both of which significantly prolong microbiological diagnostics. Due to the mortality rate and the rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), early detection and prompt initiation of treatment are extremely impo…
Mohammadzadeh R, Ghazvini K, Farsiani H, Soleimanpour S
Tuberculosis (TB) is a fatal epidemic disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ). Pervasive latent infection, multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB), and TB/HIV co-infection make TB a global health problem, which emphasises the …
Yingying Yuan, Pengxiang Li, Xiangjie Qiu, Honghua Zhang, Hao Chen, et al.
**OBJECTIVES:** Clinical data on bone and joint tuberculosis (BJTB) in developing countries remain limited. This study aims to investigate the clinical, epidemiological, and drug-resistance characteristics of BJTB patients in Central China and to optimize diagnostic strategies. …
Maya T, Wilfred A, Lubinza C, Mfaume S, Mafie M, et al.
Introduction Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and universal access to drug-susceptibility testing (DST) are critical elements of the WHO End TB Strategy. Current rapid tests (e.g., Xpert ® MTB/RIF and Ultra-assays) can detect rifampicin resistance-conferring mutations, but ca…
Derek T Armstrong, Emma C E Baird, Logan Pretty, Karen D'Agostino, Matthew Schwartz, et al.
Rapid diagnosis of resistance-conferring mutations to antibiotics used for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is critical for patient care and public health control efforts. Prior guidelines included the use of fluoroquinolones (FQs) for the treatment of drug-resistant TB, includ…
Monika Kozińska, Dorota Filipczak, Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć
…as obtained. In the course of microbiological and molecular diagnostics, conducted from June 2021 to February 2022, divergent results were obtained from drug susceptibility testing and genotyping of MTB strains isolated from clinical materials from the patient. In the final stage…
Groessl EJ, Ganiats TG, Hillery N, Trollip A, Jackson RL, et al.
…inical settings. We examine the cost-effectiveness of rapid diagnostics for extremely drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) in three different high-prevalence settings. Methods 1128 patients with confirmed TB were enrolled at clinics in Mumbai, India; Chisinau, Moldova; and Port Elizabeth, …
Jianguo Shi, Zhengqin Shi, Hao Li, Min Hu, Junbo Nan
Immunosuppression in cancer patients clearly elevates the risk of acquiring tuberculosis (TB) infection, and traditional diagnostic methods are characterized by low sensitivity (Sen) and long turnaround times. Although the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is widely used, its…
Gupta S, Kakkar V
Early diagnosis and on-time effective treatment are indispensable for Tuberculosis (TB) control - a life threatening infectious communicable disease. The conventional techniques for diagnosing TB normally take two to three weeks. This delay in diagnosis and further increase in de…
Zhang A, Jumbe E, Krysiak R, Sidiki S, Kelley HV, et al.
Background Rural settings where molecular tuberculosis diagnostics are not currently available need easy-to-use tests that do not require additional processing or equipment. While acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear is the most common and often only tuberculosis diagnosis test performe…
Sanchini A, Lanni A, Giannoni F, Mustazzolu A
Despite available global efforts and funding, Tuberculosis (TB) continues to affect a considerable number of patients worldwide. Policy makers and stakeholders set clear goals to reduce TB incidence and mortality, but the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensive…
Kozińska M, Bogucka K, Kędziora K, Szpak-Szpakowska J, Pędzierska-Olizarowicz W, et al.
Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) in children is a special epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic problem, and its global incidence remains unknown. DR-TB in children is usually of a primary nature and is most often transmitted to the child from a household contact, so these cases ref…
Yonas Ghebrekristos, Erick Auma, Zama Mahlobo, Rouxjeane Venter, Natalie Beylis, et al.
**UNLABELLED:** Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 culture is critical for tuberculosis (TB) drug susceptibility testing (DST) but is vulnerable to contamination. We evaluated the accuracy of Xpert MTB/XDR, a molecular DST for isoniazid, fluoroquinolone, amikacin, and…
Yuldashev S, Parpieva N, Alimov S, Turaev L, Safaev K, et al.
Uzbekistan has a large burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). To deal with this public health threat, the National TB Program introduced rapid molecular diagnostic tests such as Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and line probe assays (LPAs) for first-line and second-line drugs. We docum…
Mpagama SG
Background Tanzania is one of the countries confronting a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) epidemic. Research Research studies on drug susceptibility testing (DST) for second-line TB drugs given to Tanzanian MDR-TB patients has demonstrated mycobacterial resistance to im…
Chiang TY, Fan SY, Jou R
Timely diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is beneficial for case treatment and management. We implemented an algorithm to improve molecular diagnostic utilization to intensify DR-TB case findings. The GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) test was used for initial diagnosis. Sa…
Sahak Mkrtchyan
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), particularly when it involves the central nervous system (CNS), remains a significant clinical challenge. Cerebral tuberculoma, though rare, can present with complex symptoms that overlap with other neurological conditions, making timely diagnosi…
Muthukrishnan L
…eviewed. A decade long state-of-the-art knowledge on TB nanodiagnostics, fabrication concepts and performance characteristics has been reviewed.
Yonas Ghebrekristos, Erick Auma, Zama Mahlobo, Rouxjeane Venter, Natalie Beylis, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 culture is critical for tuberculosis (TB) drug susceptibility testing (DST) but vulnerable to contamination. We evaluated the accuracy of Xpert MTB/XDR, a molecular DST for isoniazid, fluoroquinolone, amikacin, and …
Metcalfe J, Bacchetti P, Esmail A, Reckers A, Aguilar D, et al.
Background Treatment monitoring of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in resource-limited settings is challenging. We developed a multi-analyte assay for eleven anti-TB drugs in small hair samples as an objective metric of drug exposure. Methods Small hair samples were collected…
Xin Mao, Jingkai Wang, Junchi Xu, Ping Xu, Huijie Hu, et al.
…oscopy, culture-based methods, antigen detection, molecular diagnostics (including nucleic acid amplification tests and whole-genome sequencing), spectroscopic techniques (such as Raman spectroscopy), and mass spectrometry-based approaches. Notably, this review focuses on pathoge…
Jingyi Dai, Qiujing Li, Juan Wan, Fengshuo Sun, Gang Zhou, et al.
…s. These findings underscore tNGS's potential to improve TB diagnostics and patient management through faster and more precise detection methods.IMPORTANCETuberculosis (TB) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among marginalized popul…