Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Stein CM, Nsereko M, Malone LL, Okware B, Kisingo H, et al.
Background Resistance to latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection, identified by persistently negative tuberculin skin tests (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA), after close contact with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients has not been extensively characte…
Sumner T, Scriba TJ, Penn-Nicholson A, Hatherill M, White RG
Achieving the WHO End-Tuberculosis (TB) targets requires approaches to prevent progression to TB among individuals with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. Effective preventive therapy (PT) exists, but current tests have low specificity for identifying who, among those i…
Komukai J, Matsumoto K, Fukushima W, Kudoh S
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) with fibrotic lesions (FL) can progress to active tuberculosis (TB). Most previous studies have used tuberculin skin tests, which have lower specificity than interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), for LTBI diagnosis. This study evaluated the…
Sundararajan S, Muniyan R
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a prominent health concern worldwide. Besides extensive research and vaccinations available, attempts to control the pandemic are cumbersome due to the complex physiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Alongside the emergence of drug-resistant TB, …
Moideen K, Kumar NP, Bethunaickan R, Banurekha VV, Nair D, et al.
…rkers of disease severity and bacterial burden in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the association of Type 2, regulatory and other anti-inflammatory cytokines with disease severity and bacterial burden in PTB is not well understood. Aims/methodology To examine the associati…
Iqhrammullah M, Yusnaini R, Amirah S, Mulya IC, Tsurayya G, et al.
Background Identifying active tuberculosis (ATB) from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) persists as a challenge, and interferon-γ inducible protein-10 (IP-10) has been employed as the solution. To further improve its diagnostic performance, the sample can be stimulated with TB…
Izumida M, Jobe H, Coker EG, Barry A, Rashid M, et al.
Background To effectively control tuberculosis (TB), it is crucial to distinguish between active TB disease and latent TB infection (LTBI) to provide appropriate treatment. However, no such tests are currently available. Immune responses associated with active TB and LTBI are dyn…
Day CL, Abrahams DA, Bunjun R, Stone L, de Kock M, et al.
…including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease is characterized by high levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), yet the relationship between bacterial load, PD-1 expression, and Mtb-specific T cell function in human TB has not been well-…
Repele F, Alonzi T, Navarra A, Farroni C, Salmi A, et al.
Objectives To investigate whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) DNA is detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of subjects with tuberculosis (TB) or TB infection (TBI) living in a low-burden country. Methods We prospectively enrolled 57 patients with TB, 41 subje…
Reichler MR, Khan A, Yuan Y, Chen B, McAuley J, et al.
Background Predictors of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among close contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis (TB) are incompletely understood, particularly the number of exposure hours. Methods We prospectively enrolled adult patients with culture-confirmed pulmonar…
La Manna MP, Orlando V, Li Donni P, Sireci G, Di Carlo P, et al.
…data suggest that combinations of whole blood Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen dependent cytokines production could be useful as biomarkers to determine tuberculosis disease states when compared to non TB cohort.
Xin H, Du Y, Cao X, Wang D, Zhang B, et al.
Screening for active tuberculosis (TB) among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is important for the initiation and evaluation of TB preventive treatment. The performances of different tools and their combinations had rarely been studied in community-level scre…
Hong Y, Kim Y, Lee JJ, Lee MG, Lee CY, et al.
…ukin (IL)-15 and IL-32 play roles in the vitamin D-mediated tuberculosis (TB) defense mechanism. Vitamin D induces IL-1β, which plays an important role in terms of resistance to TB. We evaluated whether the levels of vitamin D-related cytokines distinguished between those with ac…
Luo Y, Xue Y, Liu W, Song H, Huang Y, et al.
…sed on spot image of T-SPOT assay for distinguishing active tuberculosis (ATB) from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Methods CNN was applied to recognize and classify T-SPOT spot image. Logistic regression was used to establish prediction model based on CNN. Results Areas un…
Silveira-Mattos PS, Barreto-Duarte B, Vasconcelos B, Fukutani KF, Vinhaes CL, et al.
Background Diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB) currently relies on detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Identifying patients with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) remains challenging because microbiological confirmation is often not possible. Highly accurate blood-based test…
Kumar SK, Arya S, Aggarwal A, Kapoor P, Nath A, et al.
…rane antigens may accompany the transition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) from 'dormant' to 'active' states. We have determined whether antibody and T cell responses to Mtb membrane (MtM)-associated antigens, especially the latency-induced protein alpha crystallin (Acr), can…
Rees CE, Swift BM, Haldar P
Tuberculosis (TB), an aerosol-transmitted infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains the commonest cause of death globally, from an infectious bacterial disease. Nine years on from the launch of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s END-TB strategy, disease inc…
Luo Y, Tang G, Yuan X, Lin Q, Mao L, et al.
Background Distinguishing between active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) remains challenging. Methods Between 2013 and 2019, 2,059 (1,097 ATB and 962 LTBI) and another 883 (372 ATB and 511 LTBI) participants were recruited based on positive T-SPOT.TB (…
Coppola M, Villar-Hernández R, van Meijgaarden KE, Latorre I, Muriel Moreno B, et al.
…ation is estimated to be latently infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). TB remains the global leading cause of death by a single pathogen and ranks among the top-10 causes of overall global mortality. Current immunodiagnostic te…
Stein CM, Zalwango S, Malone LL, Thiel B, Mupere E, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a major public health problem. Household contact studies identify children and adults along the spectrum from Mtb exposure to disease. In the Kawempe Community Health Study (conducted in Kampala, Uganda), 872 …
Tang AS, Mochizuki T, Dong Z, Flood J, Katrak SS
Community health centers (CHC) play a key role in latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing and treatment. We performed a retrospective analysis of LTBI testing and treatment among pediatric and adult patients at a CHC with a large non-U.S.-born (USB) population during a serie…
Li K, Liu S, He Y, Ran R
…roduction The absence of predictive models for early latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) progression persists. This study aimed to create a screening model to identify high-risk LTBI patients prome to active tuberculosis (ATB) reactivation. Methodology Patients with confirmed AT…
Noguera-Julian A, Calzada-Hernández J, Brinkmann F, Basu Roy R, Bilogortseva O, et al.
…-α (TNF-α) therapy is associated with progression of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) to TB disease, but pediatric data are limited. Methods Retrospective multicenter study within the Paediatric Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group, capturing patients Results Sixty…
Ssekamatte P, Sitenda D, Nabatanzi R, Nakibuule M, Kibirige D, et al.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant contributor to tuberculosis (TB) incidence and poor treatment outcomes. This study explored the impact of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific T-cell memory phenotypes and function among participan…
Zhou Y, Xiong H, Chen R, Wan L, Kong Y, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide. However, the diagnosis of TB, especially extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) diagnosis from lesion tissues, remains a challenge. Nucleic acid aptamers are analogous to antibodies and have advantages of easier modifica…