Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Goussard P, Eber E, Venkatakrishna S, Frigati L, Greybe L, et al.
Introduction Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (TB) is common in children with primary TB and enlarged lymph nodes can cause airway compression of the large airways. If not treated correctly, airway compression can result in persistent and permanent parenchymal pathology, as well as i…
Khambati N, Olbrich L, Ellner J, Salgame P, Song R, et al.
The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in children remains a significant challenge due to its paucibacillary nature, non-specificity of symptoms and suboptimal sensitivity of available diagnostic methods. In young children particularly, it is difficult to obtain high-qualit…
Li Y, Wen Y
…oblastic tumor (IMT) are atypical, and histopathological misdiagnosis of IMT is still inevitable. Here we present a pediatric case that an eight-year-old boy with recurrent fever for fifteen months, received anti-tuberculosis therapy for five months and was ultimately confirmed t…
Apolisi I, Cox H, Tyeku N, Daniels J, Mathee S, et al.
…th household exposure to multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) are at high risk of developing TB disease. Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) is recommended, but programmatic experience is limited, particularly for adolescents. Methods We conducted a prosp…
Campbell J, Sandora T, Haberer J
… estimated 1 million children develop and ~200,000 die from tuberculosis (TB). The WHO has named identification and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) one of the cornerstones of efforts to eliminate TB by 2030. Identification and treatment of pediatric LTBI require…
Wendorf KA, Lowenthal P, Feraud J, Cabanting N, Murto C
…nterferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) in children ≥2 years for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, lack of experience in young children and concern that IGRAs are less sensitive than tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) limit their use. Our aim was to identify active…
Aygün D, Önal P, Kılınç AA, Aygün F, Şiraneci R, et al.
…lness of the predictive role of the CBC in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. We also compared serum electrolyte levels between the 2 diseases. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the efficacy of CBC…
Abstract BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a rare but potentially devastating infection among Canadian children. Accurate diagnosis and initiation of treatment are limited in part by the fact that it takes 2–6 weeks for culture results to be confirmed. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a ra…
Ayimen Khalid Khan, Shayan Sirat Maheen Anwar, Ashok Kumar, Anam Khan
Tuberculosis of the central nervous system is a deadly disease with a high mortality and morbidity rate. While tuberculosis is prevalent worldwide, most active cases are found in underdeveloped and developing countries, including Pakistan, where it is highly endemic. The pediatri…
Ksoo R, Barman H, De M, Lynser D, Duwarah SG, et al.
Context Tuberculosis (TB) is India's major public health problem. The profile of childhood TB in the northeast region of India is still limited. Aim To analyze the clinical, radiological, and bacteriological profiles of children with TB at a tertiary health care facility. Materia…
Shah K, Nakafeero J, Kadota JL, Wambi P, Nanyonga G, et al.
Background Households of children with tuberculosis (TB) experience financial and social hardships, but TB-specific social protection initiatives primarily focus on adults. Methods We conducted a single-arm, pilot study of multi-component supportive benefits for children with pul…
Furin J
Introduction Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health threat and is one of the top ten causes of death in children. There are a number of diagnostic, treatment, and preventive innovations that have been developed in the last decade for TB, however, these are out…
Sutapa Rath, Baijayantimala Mishra, Rashmi Ranjan Das, Nishu Kaushik, Asha Prakash Mohapatra, et al.
Diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) continues to be a major challenge due to the inability to expectorate and paucibacillary nature of the disease. In endemic settings, the diagnosis of paediatric PTB depends mainly on clinical and radiological features as gastri…
Katherine Laycock, Karl-Günter Technau, Patricia Lelo, Watsamon Jantarabenjakul, Caroline Yonaba, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for children living with HIV (CLHIV), with gaps in TB screening, diagnostics, management, and TB preventive therapy (TPT). We investigated reported practices in these domains at sites caring for …
Onyango DO, Yuen CM, Masini E, Borgdorff MW
Objectives To describe the epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis (TB) in Kenya, assess the magnitude of TB/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection and identify risk factors for mortality during TB treatment. Study design We conducted a retrospective analysis of the Kenya…
Maloney ME, Cohen B
Importance Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant health concern, affecting over 1.5 million people annually worldwide, with the incidence increasing in the United States from 2020 to 2021. The pediatric population is particularly vulnerable to TB. Extrapulmonary manifestations of TB…
Moore BK, Graham SM, Nandakumar S, Doyle J, Maloney SA
Advances in pediatric TB care are promising, the result of decades of advocacy, operational and clinical trials research, and political will by national and local TB programs in high-burden countries. However, implementation challenges remain in linking policy to practice and sca…
Carvalho ACC, da Silva Martins P, Cardoso CAA, Miceli AL, Martire T, et al.
…acteristics, diagnostic approach, and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) in children living in a high-burden metropolitan area. Methods This was a retrospective study, based on a medical chart review, involving children under 15 years old treated for TB between 2007 and 2016…
Manoj Madhusudan, Priyanka Potti, Kaustubh Mohite, Tejaswi Chandra, J T Srikanta
**BACKGROUND:** Mediastinal Tuberculosis (TB), although a common presentation of TB in children, has a very low rate of microbiological confirmation. This is because of the difficulty in acquiring appropriate tissue samples for microbiological confirmation. Endobronchial ultrasou…
Khurana P, Saigal K, Ghosh A
…lar tests like GenoType MTBDRplus has revolutionized MDR-TB diagnosis by rapid detection of resistance, leading to early and appropriate management of DR-TB. Information about common mutations imparting resistance to RIF and INH, helps in understanding the disease epidemiology in…
Imperiale BR, Nieves C, Mancino B, Sanjurjo M, Tártara S, et al.
…re is a critical need to improve the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis (TB) in children. Several techniques have been developed to improve the quality of sputum samples; however, these procedures are very unpleasant and invasive and require hospitalization and trained personnel…
Wong SA, Lee Meijuan D, Loh SW, Thoon KC, Tan NWH, et al.
Background . Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Pediatric patients are more likely to develop severe disease. Abdominal TB is a rare manifestation of pediatric TB and can present with chronic and nonspecific abdominal symptoms. This study…
Asmae Guennouni, Soukaina Bahha, Nour Houda Bahlouli, Nazik Allali, Latifa Chat, et al.
Neuro-meningeal tuberculosis is a severe form of tuberculosis affecting the central nervous system. Tuberculous hypophysitis is a granulomatous inflammation of the pituitary gland, a rare but potentially severe pathology in the context of disseminated tuberculosis. In children, t…
Chen Q, Huang T, Zou L, Jiang L, Sun J, et al.
Background Tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) is a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that affects the tracheobronchial tree. However, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Comparisons of clinical characteristics in various age groups can aid in the understanding…
Al Bulushi Y, Saint-Martin C, Muthukrishnan N, Maleki F, Reinhold C, et al.
…fectious entity that often presents as lymphadenitis in the pediatric age group. Current practice involves invasive testing and excisional biopsy to diagnose NTM lymphadenitis. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of 249 lymph nodes selected from 143 CT scans of p…