Showing 176–200 of 200 documents
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Debelu T, Abunna F, Mamo Kassa G, Ameni G
…ological examination were used to assess information on the epidemiology of the disease. Subsequently, avian tuberculin test revealed an overall apparent prevalence of 11.4% (31/273) and a specific prevalence of 6.8% (6/88) in the highland, 13.4% (13/97) in the midland, and 13.6%…
Massmann R, Doležalová K, Soják L, Samsonová O, Staneková DV, et al.
… Russian invasion of February 24, 2022. It focuses on their epidemiology, immunological profiles, co-infections, and treatment. Design Multicenter, retrospective study between March 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023. Methods Data were collected from all Ukrainian patients with refugee …
Romha G, Gebru G, Asefa A, Mamo G
…TB in humans. The objective of this paper was to review the epidemiology of M. bovis and M. tuberculosis in animals. The review also highlighted the transmission dynamics of M. bovis and M. tuberculosis in humans and animals and control challenges of zoonotic TB in Ethiopia. The …
Jorge Varanda, Ana Abecasis
In 1988, the remote mining town of Dundo, in Lunda-Norte, Angola, displayed an anomalously high HIV-1 prevalence of 14.2%, despite the absence of recognised epidemic drivers. Archival and epidemiological evidence suggests that colonial medical interventions, rather than sexual tr…
Braga A, Bertagnolli AC, da Rosa Fanfa V, de Oliveira Rodrigues R, Faé A, et al.
Stringent sanitary standards are imperative for swine production, ensuring high biosecurity and safe meat. However, granulomatous lesions, often detected as "lymphadenitis" in slaughterhouses, lack routine laboratory examination, potentially overlooking tuberculosis among other e…
Singal A, Kaur I, Pandhi D, Gandhi V, Jakhar D, et al.
Background Lichen scrofulosorum (LS) represents immunologic reaction to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen and presents with subtle, asymptomatic, grouped follicular papules over the trunk and shows good therapeutic response to antitubercular drugs. Objective To study the cli…
Trauer JM, Dodd PJ, Gomes MGM, Gomez GB, Houben RMGJ, et al.
…s, heterogeneity is a defining feature of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology. To advance toward TB elimination, this heterogeneity must be better understood and addressed. Drivers of heterogeneity in TB epidemiology act at the level of the infectious host, organism, susceptible host,…
Chan ACK, Huang SS, Wong KH, Leung CC, Lee MP, et al.
…r time. This study aimed to describe temporal trends in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of HIV-associated TB in Hong Kong. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data regarding HIV-associated TB patients that were reported to the TB-HIV Registry of the Department of Hea…
Qian X, Nguyen DT, Albers AE, Dong Y, Lyu J, et al.
…nclusion Our findings provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of HNTB and characteristics associated with the disease at the population-level, which is important in managing HNTB patients.
Walsh KF, Lee MH, Chaguza C, Pamphile W, Royal G, et al.
…espread diagnostics, Hr-TB is frequently undetected and its epidemiology is incompletely understood. Methods We studied the molecular epidemiology of Hr-TB among all patients diagnosed with culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis between January 1 and June 30, 2017, at an urban r…
Wang G, Xu J, Huang B, Gao S, Zhuang Y, et al.
Background Health-care workers (HCWs) are an epidemiological group with increased exposure to tuberculosis (TB), especially at health-care facilities (HCFs) with poor TB infection control in high-TB-burden settings. China is a high-TB-burden country, and the comprehensive measure…
Kong D, Wu C, Cui Y, Fan J, Zhang T, et al.
Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), as a respiratory infectious disease, poses significant risks of covert transmission and dissemination. The high aggregation and close contact among students in Chinese schools exacerbate the transmission risk of PTB outbreaks. Objective Th…
María Fontana Campos, Juan Miguel Guerras, Allegra Chatterjee, Álvaro Roy, Christine Schwarz, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Children are a particularly vulnerable population for tuberculosis (TB). The present study aims to describe epidemiological characteristics and temporal trends of paediatric TB in Spain. **METHODOLOGY:** A retrospective study of paediatric TB in Spain was conduct…
Castro-Rodriguez B, Franco-Sotomayor G, Orlando SA, Garcia-Bereguiain MÁ
… pointing out an under diagnosis problem. The few molecular epidemiology studies available conclude that L4 is the most prevalent MTB lineage in Ecuador (with LAM as the main L4 sublineage), but L2-Beijing family is also present at low prevalence. Nevertheless, with less than 1 %…
Jackson S, Kabir Z, Comiskey C
Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top ten causes of death each year globally. While the risk of migrant TB is linked to the TB incidence in their country of origin, the migration process can increase the TB risk. Objective We aimed to synthesis the evidence on key d…
Jiang Q, Liu Q, Ji L, Li J, Zeng Y, et al.
Background Population movement could extend multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) transmission and complicate its global prevalence. We sought to identify the high-risk populations and geographic sites of MDR-TB transmission in Shenzhen, the most common destination for intern…
Dohál M, Dvořáková V, Šperková M, Porvazník I, Cabibbe AM, et al.
Objective The resistance of Mycobacterium ( M. ) tuberculosis to antituberculosis drugs poses a major threat to global public health. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is an increasingly preferred method in the diagnostics and monitoring of the transmission dynamics of resistant form…
Goroh MMD, Rajahram GS, Avoi R, Van Den Boogaard CHA, William T, et al.
…ninsular Malaysia. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of TB in Sabah to identify risk groups and hotspots of TB transmission. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of TB cases notified in Sabah, Malaysia, between 2012 and 2018. Using data from the state's…
Lin Y, Du Y, Shen H, Guo Y, Wang T, et al.
Background China is a country with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB). TB outbreaks are frequent in schools. Thus, understanding the transmission patterns is crucial for controlling TB. Method In this genomic epidemiological study, the conventional epidemiological survey data com…
Thimmappa L, Hebbar S, Bhat SN
This study aims to bridge the informational gap regarding the clinical and epidemiological aspects of spondylodiscitis in India, addressing the dearth of substantial evidence in this domain. This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over three years, involving 145 adul…
Byrne AW, Barrett D, Breslin P, O'Keeffe J, Murphy KJ, et al.
…r studies are required. However, ultimately, integration of epidemiology with wildlife ecology will be important for understanding the underlying mechanisms involved, and to derive suitable effective management proposals, if required.
Feldman C, Theron AJ, Cholo MC, Anderson R
…l preventative intervention. In addition to coverage of the epidemiology of TB and its compelling causative link with smoking, the current review is also focused on evidence derived from clinical- and laboratory-based studies of disease pathogenesis, most prominently the protecti…
Wigger GW, Bouton TC, Jacobson KR, Auld SC, Yeligar SM, et al.
Globally, an estimated 107 million people have an alcohol use disorder (AUD) leading to 2.8 million premature deaths each year. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally and over 8% of global TB cases are estimated to be attributable to AUD. Social determin…
Kasuya S, Imai A, Uchimura K, Ohkado A, Kawatsu L
Objective This study aims to compare the epidemiology of notifications of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among Japan-born and foreign-born children in Japan between 2010 and 2020, and to assess the language used during LTBI case interviews with parents or caregivers of fore…
Fan J, An J, Shu W, Huo F, Li S, et al.
Skeletal tuberculosis (STB) is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis; however, limited epidemiological data are available on this public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries. The aims of this study were to analyze the epidemiological …