Showing 26–50 of 200 documents
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Kashyap B, Gupta N, Dewan P, Hyanki P, Singh NP
… of disease severity, therapeutic response and prognosis in tuberculosis has been suggested. This study aims to determine the levels of high sensitivity CRP (hs CRP) among the pediatric tuberculosis cases. A case control study was conducted on 60 clinically diagnosed (clinical fi…
Mijović H, Al-Nasser Y, Al-Rawahi GN, Roberts AD
Microbiologic confirmation of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis remains challenging, leading to diagnostic delays. In our retrospective case series, real-time molecular testing (Xpert MTB/RIF) on respiratory and extrapulmonary specimens resulted in a more rapid diagnosis of e…
Lounnas M, Diack A, Nicol MP, Eyangoh S, Wobudeya E, et al.
…atory samples for bacteriological confirmation of childhood tuberculosis but require intensive laboratory processing before molecular testing to remove PCR inhibitors and debris. We aimed to develop a centrifuge-free processing method for use in resource-limited settings based on…
Sreedeep KS, Sethi S, Yadav R, Vaidya PC, Angurana SK, et al.
…vel molecular diagnostic technique that can be used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). It is most suited for developing countries as it is rapid, inexpensive, highly sensitive, requiring minimal infrastructure, training and manpower. Studies in pediatric TB are lacking. We e…
Singh UB, Singh M, Sharma S, Mahajan N, Bala K, et al.
…e, and sensitive diagnostic assays are essential for global tuberculosis (TB) control, especially in high TB burden, resource-limited settings. The current study was designed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of Truenat MTB-Rif Dx (MolBio) in children less than 18 years of age, wit…
Kay A, Garcia-Prats AJ, Mandalakas AM
…pose of review The detrimental synergy of colliding HIV and tuberculosis (TB) epidemics is most devastating among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALWH) who shoulder a disproportionate burden of all child TB mortality. Recent findings CALWH benefit less from Bacille-Cal…
Russo DO, Jimenez ALL, Diniz LMO, Cardoso CA, Romanelli RMC
…ers, delays, and missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of childhood TB. Methods Scoping review according to the PRISMA extension. The definitions considered for the selection followed the acronym PCC where the population (P) is children under 18 years of age with T…
Kissling M, Fritschi N, Baumann P, Buettcher M, Bonhoeffer J, et al.
…to-lymphocyte-ratio (MLR) may have diagnostic potential for tuberculosis (TB). Methods Data of two prospective multicenter studies in Switzerland were used, which included children Results Of the 389 children included 25 (6.4%) had TB disease, 12 (3.1%) TB infection, 28 (7.2%) we…
Shruti Kaushal, Sunil Kumar Dhatwalia, Rakesh Yadav, Sumedha Sharma, Pankaj C Vaidya, et al.
…ra), as first-line diagnostic tests for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and rifampicin resistance in children suspected of having the disease. Respiratory specimens (gastric lavage/bronchoalveolar lavage/sputum/endotracheal aspirate) obtained from 116 children with presump…
Ghanaie RM, Karimi A, Azimi L, James S, Nasehi M, et al.
… Although the World Health Organization has recommended the diagnosis and prophylactic treatment of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) in child household contacts of tuberculosis (TB) cases, the national programs in high-burden TB regions rarely implement adequate screening of t…
Luo Y, Yang X, Zhou J, Pu S, Wang Y
The clinical symptoms of tuberculosis infection in children are not typical and need to be distinguished from many diseases, and the tumor is one of them. We present a case of cervical lymphadenopathy in a child with positive purified protein derivative (PPD) and Interferon-Gamma…
Torane VP, Nataraj G, Kanade S, Deshmukh CT
…objective Global TB report 2021 mentions 11 % prevalence of pediatric TB, whereas 5.65% of the cases were reported from India in 2020. India features in the list of TB high burden countries, HIV-TB high burden and MDR-TB high burden countries. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculo…
Ben J Marais, H Simon Schaaf
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of disease and death in young children from TB-endemic countries, especially in areas affected by poverty, social disruption, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This article reviews the disease burden and the natural history of di…
Goussard P, Retief F, Burke J, Malherbe A, Janson J
… as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in children with Tuberculosis (TB) disease complicated by airway obstruction. It is needed in children when surgical intervention may be required for airway compression, when drug resistance is suspected, and to rule out an alternative d…
Jayagandan S, Singh J, Mudliar SR, Shankar P, Maurya AK, et al.
Objective Microbiological confirmation of tuberculosis (TB) in pediatric cases is challenging due to its paucibacillary nature and difficulty in specimen collection. This study aimed to validate stool as an alternative sample for the diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary TB via Xpert …
Ness TE, Meiwes L, Kay A, Mejia R, Lange C, et al.
The WHO has endorsed the use of stool samples for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children, and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of stool has been shown to support diagnosis and provide information about drug susceptibility (DS). Optimizing extraction of DNA from stoo…
Ilaiwy G, Lukumay S, Augustino D, Mejan P, Bukhay R, et al.
At least a third of tuberculosis (TB) cases remain undiagnosed, disproportionately so in children and adolescents, which is hampering global elimination goals. Prolonged symptom duration presents a high-risk scenario for childhood TB in endemic areas, but the prolonged period of …
Tornheim JA, Madugundu AK, Paradkar M, Fukutani KF, Queiroz ATL, et al.
…kground Gene expression profiling is emerging as a tool for tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment response monitoring, but limited data specific to Indian children and incident tuberculosis infection (TBI) exist. Methods Sixteen pediatric Indian tuberculosis cases were age- and se…
Mete Yesil A, Yalcin E, Ademhan Turhal D, Emiralioglu N, Dogru D, et al.
…c profile, and treatment outcomes, and to draw attention to tuberculosis (TB) in Turkey. Methods . A retrospective, descriptive study was undertaken of 93 children aged 0 to 18 years who were admitted to Hacettepe University Pediatric Pulmonology Department for treatment from Jan…
Brendan Mullen, Joy Githua, Jaclyn N Escudero, Jerphason Mecha, Lucy Kijaro, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents, causing 172,000 deaths in 2024 in children and adolescents worldwide. Diagnostic challenges are pronounced in pediatrics, in which collecting respiratory specimens is challenging and …
Laya BF, Concepcion NDP, Andronikou S, Abdul Manaf Z, Atienza MIM, et al.
Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment in recent years, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern. Children are amongst the most vulnerable groups affected by this disease. Although TB primarily involves the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes, it can affect virtually …
María I Urteneche, Norma E González, Eugenia Ginestet, Edith Macha Marín, Rosana Pereda, et al.
Introduction. Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS TB) represents a severe form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Late diagnosis is associated with increased mortality and neurological sequelae. Objective. To characterize CNS TB diagnosed in a pediatric hospital …
Headriawan A, Pramono AA, Sukadi A, Chairulfatah A, Maskoen AM, et al.
Background As pediatric tuberculosis (TB) globally is still reported challenging in diagnosis, to date, a lot of efforts have been established to eliminate the disease including proper treatment regimen using anti-TB drugs. However, antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (A…
Pace D, Pellegrino R, Dalpiaz I, Renni M, Galli L, et al.
Introduction The diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is challenging, due to the lower sensitivity of microbiological tests, such as culture and microscopy, compared to their performance in adult cases. Guidelines have introduced molecular tests, including GeneXpert MTB/ RIF …
Babafemi EO, Cherian BP, Ouma B, Mogoko GM
Background Rapid and accurate diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis (TB) is key to manage the disease and to control and prevent its transmission. Collection of quality sputum samples without invasion methods from paediatrics (age Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-…