Showing 26–50 of 200 documents
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Marina Bahaa Monir Zakhary Gad El Sayed, Dennis Tai, Lucy Yu, Daniel Novak, Amrita Dosanjh
…tcomes of pulmonary NTM infections in a non-cystic fibrosis pediatric population from four distinct age groups. **METHODS:** A retrospective study as cross-sectional design for data collection from the TriNetX platform, a global electronic health record database. Inclusion crite…
Lyu M, Zhou J, Cheng Y, Chong W, Wu K, et al.
…ntify proper respiratory-related sample types for adult and pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), respectively, by comparing performance of Xpert MTB/RIF when using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), induced sputum (IS), expectorated sputum (ES), nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs), and…
Headriawan A, Pramono AA, Sukadi A, Chairulfatah A, Maskoen AM, et al.
Background As pediatric tuberculosis (TB) globally is still reported challenging in diagnosis, to date, a lot of efforts have been established to eliminate the disease including proper treatment regimen using anti-TB drugs. However, antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (A…
Vukugah TA, Ntoh VN, Akoku DA, Leonie S, Jacob A
…o meet the specific needs of children is critical to ending pediatric TB epidemic. Systematic reviews are increasingly informing policies in pediatric tuberculosis (TB) care and control. However, there is a paucity of information on pediatric TB research priorities. Methodology .…
Awang H, Nik Husain NR, Abdullah H
Objectives We sought to determine the total proportion of pediatric tuberculosis cases, characterize tuberculosis by its anatomical location and pretreatment sputum smear status, and to determine the association of the sociodemographic and clinical factors with tuberculosis disea…
Raj Narayan Yadav, Manpreet Bhalla, Yellanki Yashwanth Chowdary, Ajoy Kumar Verma, Gaurav Kaushik, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pediatric tuberculosis is an important subset of tuberculosis infection burden with a high detection gap due to paucibacillary nature. GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay detects rifampicin resistant (RR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that provides bacillary load and mutat…
Kalra A, Parija D, Raizada N, Sachdeva KS, Rao R, et al.
Background Diagnosis of TB in pediatric population poses several challenges. A novel initiative was implemented in several major cities of India aimed at providing upfront access to free-of-cost Xpert MTB/RIF to presumptive pediatric TB cases. This paper aims to describe the expe…
Xiaojun Wang, Cuili Yang, Meilan Zhou, Cuiping Xiao, Xiaolu Yu, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Research on the economic burden of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains scarce. This study aims to investigate the hospitalization characteristics, direct medical expenses, and key determinants of hospitalization costs in pediatric TB patients. **METHODS:** We con…
…ground The WHO currently estimates that at least a third of pediatric and adolescent tuberculosis cases go untreated or incompletely treated each year. Many cases are detected but lost to follow-up due to underreporting to national or private surveillance systems. Methods We cond…
Raizada N, Khaparde SD, Salhotra VS, Rao R, Kalra A, et al.
…ajor cities of India to address TB diagnostic challenges in pediatric population, by offering free of cost Xpert testing to pediatric presumptive TB cases, thereby paving the way for better TB care. Methods A high throughput lab was established in each of the four project cities,…
Money NM, Schroeder AR, Quinonez RA, Ho T, Marin JR, et al.
Importance Medical overuse is common in pediatrics and may lead to unnecessary care, resource use, and patient harm. Timely scrutiny of established and emerging practices can identify areas of overuse and empower clinicians to reconsider the balance of harms and benefits of the m…
Thomas VA, Crouse HL, Murray KO, Hsu DC, Camp EA, et al.
… The aim of this study was to perform a needs assessment of pediatric (PEM) and general emergency medicine (EM) provider knowledge, comfort, and current practice patterns in the evaluation of pediatric tropical infectious diseases. Methods An online survey was developed based on …
Mgode GF, Cox CL, Mwimanzi S, Mulder C
…ermined the performance of trained rats in the diagnosis of pediatric TB and whether they can improve detection rate compared to the standard of care. Methods Presumptive TB patients in 24 TB clinics in Tanzania were tested. Samples indicated as TB-positive by rats underwent conf…
Pooja Semwal, Manjit Kaur Saini, Moinak Sen Sarma
…atotoxicity (ATDIH) is a significant concern while managing pediatric tuberculosis. There is limited data on pediatric ATDIH, and much of the management practices are extrapolated from adult experiences. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the incidence, risk factor…
Peck GM, Staat MA, Huang FS, Khalil N, Boyce C, et al.
…ad of tuberculosis and the progression to active disease in pediatric patients. As of 2017, the short course combination regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) administered by directly observed therapy (DOT) has replaced 9 months of isoniazid as the standard of treatme…
Adusumelli Y, Tabatneck M, Sherman S, Lamb G, Sabharwal V, et al.
… to engaging in TB infection care is critical to preventing pediatric TB disease. We explored families' and clinicians' perspectives on pediatric TB infection diagnosis and care. Methods We conducted individual interviews and small group discussions with primary care and subspeci…
Lauren R Brown, Mariette Smith, Cari van Schalkwyk, Leigh F Johnson, Vanessa Mudaly, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern in high-burden settings like the Western Cape (WC), South Africa. We analyzed geographic differences in TB burden among children and young adolescents, described temporal trends, and quantified gaps…
Epperson K, Crane C, Ingulli E
Donor derived infections (DDIs) in pediatric kidney transplant recipients remain challenging to diagnose and can result in serious morbidity and mortality. This review summarizes the current guidelines and recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of unexpected DDI…
de Souza Campos Fernandes RC, Louvain de Souza T, da Silva Barcellos T, Medina-Acosta E
…t a few studies have shown a skewing toward the male sex in pediatric IRIS. Here, we assessed sex-specific differences in the causes and extent of IRIS infectious events in HIV-infected pediatric patients on ART. We carried out a prospective clinical analysis (from 2000 to 2018) …
Madzgharashvili T, Salindri AD, Magee MJ, Tukvadze N, Avaliani Z, et al.
Background Among pediatric patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), limited data exist regarding treatment outcomes in the context of the new and repurposed second-line TB drugs (SLDs). We aimed to describe the treatment outcomes among pediatric MDR-TB patients re…
Silla Varghese Thomas, Priya Rajendran, Sivakumar Shanmugam
This review provides an insight into pediatric tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in India. Significant challenges still exist in the accurate diagnosis of pediatric TB due to the paucibacillary status of the bacilli and the nonspecific clinical symptoms. Despite advancements in newer d…
Gómez-Valverde JJ, Sánchez-Jacob R, Ribó JL, Schaaf HS, García Delgado L, et al.
…ly those under the age of 5 years. The complex diagnosis of pediatric TB, compounded by limited access to more accurate diagnostic tests, underscores the need for improved tools to enhance diagnosis and care in resource-limited settings. Objective This study aims to present a tel…
Muljadi R, Koesbandono, Octavius GS
Introduction Despite medical advancement, pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) still has high morbidity and mortality, due to challenging detection in clinical practice. Ultrasound has been touted as the next best diagnostic tool but currently, this claim is unfounded. Therefor…
Daniel Mashiach, Justin Shon, Raquel Mashiach, Gregory Ayzenberg, Osnat Barazani, et al.
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a critically underrecognized contributor to global childhood morbidity and mortality, with the highest burden concentrated in low-resource settings. Although children comprise a minority of overall TB cases, mortality is disproportionately high…
Tom Liba, Amit Olami, Michael Brant, Alon Gorenshtein, Adir Sommer, et al.
Pediatric uveitis is a leading cause of visual impairment, often resulting in severe complications without timely and appropriate intervention. Its etiology varies geographically, necessitating a comprehensive epidemiological assessment. To identify prevalent causes of pediatric …