Results for "diagnostics"200

Time for a diagnostic sea-change: Rethinking neglected tropical disease diagnostics to achieve elimination

Katherine Gass

…. For neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), the need for good diagnostics is nothing new, but has grown increasingly acute in recent years. While today’s diagnostic tools have been sufficient for endemicity mapping and monitoring the progress of mass drug administration (MDA), they…

Brucella Diagnostics in Endemic Areas: Evaluation of Point-of-Care Kits and the Need for Alternative Diagnostic Tests

Aggrey Keya, Pauline Gitonga, Daniel Wanjohi, Esther Lemarkoko, Joseph Sankok, et al.

…the disease is endemic. Reliable and accurate point-of-care diagnostics are essential for timely case identification and effective disease management. The Febrile Brucella Agglutination Test (FBAT) is commonly used for diagnosis of brucellosis in Kenya, but concerns have been not…

THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CONVENTIONAL TUBERCULOSIS DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE COMPARED WITH GENE X-PERT MTB/RIF: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Ketut Suryana, Hamong Suharsono, Ida Bagus Ngurah

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the diagnostic value of conventional tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic procedure compared with Gene X-pert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF). 
 Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from January to Decemb…

Evaluation of tuberculosis diagnostic test accuracy using Bayesian latent class analysis in the presence of conditional dependence between the diagnostic tests used in a community-based tuberculosis screening study

Human Sciences Research Council

Diagnostic accuracy studies in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are complicated by the lack of a perfect reference standard. This limitation can be handled using latent class analysis (LCA), assuming independence between diagnostic test results conditional on the true unobserved PTB …

Diagnostic value of combined-diagnostic methods of brain tuberculoma tissue specimens: a case series

Bo Liang, Siyuan Yang, Xingang Zhou, Xinghuan Ding, Jianbo Wang, et al.

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold>: The diagnosis of brain tuberculoma (BT) is sometimes challenging. Herein, we presented a case series to evaluate the combined-diagnostic methods, including acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Gene Xpert …

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR on a high-throughput molecular diagnostic platform and the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test for the diagnostic of COVID-19 on various clinical samples

Onya Opota, René Brouillet, Gilbert Greub, Katia Jaton

OBJECTIVES: In order to cope with the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, we introduced on our in-house high-throughput molecular diagnostic platform (MDx Platform) a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) to detect the SARS-CoV-2 from any clinical specimens. The aim of …

Optimizing Diagnostic Resources for Tuberculosis: Utilization Patterns of Diagnostic Tests at the District Chest Clinic and Microscopy Centers in Galle District, Sri Lanka

Udalamaththa Gamage Gihan Chamind, Krishantha Wickramasekara Rajapaksha Wimalagunarathne, H.L.S. Chathurika M.C. Mudannayake, Sunil De Alwis

Tuberculosis (TB) is prevalent in Sri Lanka and poses a considerable public health issue, even though the country is categorized as having a low burden of the disease.It ranks as the second most significant infectious disease in Sri Lanka, with around 500 to 600 fatalities each y…

P-2101. Coverage Of The Molecular Diagnostic Technology For Pulmonary Tuberculosis In Bangladesh: Diagnostic Milestone For Control Of Tuberculosis

Ahmadul Hasan Khan, Shakila Yeasmin, Sanjida Anjum, F Haque

Abstract Background Provision of early and accurate Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis is crucial to end TB specially in a densely populated like Bangladesh. Molecular WHO-approved rapid diagnostic tests for TB (mWRDs) can significantly improve identification of undiagnosed TB cases. Th…

A diagnostic test: combined detection of heparin-binding protein, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein to improve the diagnostic accuracy of bacterial respiratory tract infections

Jin Ma, Lu Qi, Shan Tung Tu, Xiaoyan Miao, Juan Zhao

Background: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is one of the most common diseases worldwide, and its incidence is rising year by year due to environmental pollution. Sputum culture remains the gold standard for RTI diagnosis, but its performance is limited by difficulties related …

Comparative Diagnostic of Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis: PCR is a Fast, Efficient, and Improved Diagnostic Approach

Himanshu Jha, Chandra Prakash Baveja, Vinay Kamal, Prem Narayan Agarwal, Sonal Saxena, et al.

Background and Objectives . Tuberculosis has become a major health problem in India, and the incidence of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) has increased in parallel with the increase in the incidence of mycobacterial infection worldwide. Therefore, the main objective of this stud…

Head-to-head comparison of diagnostic accuracy of four Ebola virus disease rapid diagnostic tests versus GeneXpert® in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo outbreaks: a prospective observational study

Daniel Mukadi‐Bamuleka, Junior Bulabula-Penge, Bart K. M. Jacobs, Anja De Weggheleire, François Edidi-Atani, et al.

BACKGROUND: Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks have emerged in Central and West Africa. EVD diagnosis relies principally on RT-PCR testing with GeneXpert®, which has logistical and cost restrictions at the peripheral level of the health system. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) woul…

Operational modeling for testing diagnostic tools impact on tuberculosis diagnostic cascade: A model design

Luana Michelly Aparecida da Costa, Filipe Andrade Bernardi, Tiago Lara Michelin Sanches, Afrânio Lineu Kritski, Rafael Mello Galliez, et al.

…ee sharply the whole flow of processes in order to evaluate diagnostics cascades. Based on that, first, we developed a design of tuberculosis system operations in discrete-time based model, then we made a description of an agent-based transmission model developed to be incorporat…

WHO standard: universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex A: uniting innovation and implementation: a mixed methods systematic review of implementation solutions to increase the uptake and impact of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests

Nathavitharana, Ruvandhi, Pearl, Abarna, O’Bryan, Matthew, Edwards, Matthew, van der Westhuizen, Helene-Mari, et al.

WHO standard: universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex B: stakeholder perspectives on barriers and enablers to the implementation of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculosis

McDowell, Andrew, Anjorin, Omolayo, van der Westhuizen, Helene-Mari, Engel, Nora, Subramanian, Advaith, et al.

WHO standard: universal access to tuberculosis diagnostics: web annex C: investing in WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculosis

World Health Organization

Background: Automated haematology analysers offer precise haemoglobin measurements, but are expensive and impractical for field, point of care, primary care and remote settings use. The portable and cost-effective Hemocue device provides an alternative. Comparing their accuracies is crucial to prevent diagnostic discrepancies and misdiagnoses. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of Hb HemoCue machine by comparing its performance to automated analyser at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) clinical laboratory where both equipment are used. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at KCMC Clinical Laboratory among adult patients whose haemoglobin concentrations were measured from May to June 2024. Haemoglobin levels were estimated using two distinct methods: Hb HemoCue machine and automated haematology analyser. Results: Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration values obtained from the HemoCue machine and the automated analyser, had a mean difference of 0.001 g/dL (95% Cl: -0.036 to 0.038), t value of 0.062, and a p-value of .95, indicating a non-statistically significant differences between the two measurement methods. The Bland-Altman plot analysis indicated that the mean difference (bias) between the two methods was 0.0012 g/dL, and the limits of agreement ranged from -0.481 to 0.482 g/dL, suggesting that the HemoCue machine tends to slightly overestimate Hb values compared to the automated haematology analyser. The Pearson correlation coefficient for the Hb concentrations measured using HemoCue and automated analyser was 0.995, indicating a very strong positive correlation. The HemoCue demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.3%, specifity of 90.4%, positive predictive value of 95.9% and a negative predictive value of 95.9%, indicating high performance accuracy of HemoCue in diagnosing anaemia. Conclusion: The study revealed strong agreement between HemoCue and automated haematology analyser for measuring haemoglobin concentrations. Both methods demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy suitable for clinical use. Although HemoCue slightly overestimated haemoglobin, this difference was deemed insignificant. The study endorses HemoCue as a reliable tool for haemoglobin concentration measurement alongside and in lack of automated analysers.

Kehongo Moses Nyanguru, Ephantus G. Ndirangu, Robi Chacha, Bakari Chaka, J. O. Moody, et al.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health burden, exacerbated by increasing multidrug resistance. Medicinal plants, such as Albizia zygia (DC.) J.F. Macbr, is being used in Kenya to manage TB symptoms; however, antimycobacterial potential remains scientifi…

Diagnostics to support the scaling up of shorter, safer tuberculosis regimens

David Branigan, Claudia M. Denkinger, Jennifer Furin, Petra Heitkamp, Stijn Deborggraeve, et al.

… and link more people to testing with WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics.7Stop TB PartnershipThe introducing new tools project.https://www.stoptb.org/accelerate-tb-innovations/introducing-new-tools-projectDate accessed: May 16, 2023Google Scholar, 8Marks GB Horsburgh Jr, CR Fox GJ…

143 Essential diagnostic access gap in relation to neglected tropical diseases: the conundrum of global healthcare delivery

Biswajit Chakraborty, Amaj Laskar, Vipin Kumar, Zeeshan M Khan, Remesh Kumar, et al.

…iagnostic accessibility, WHO introduced the first Essential Diagnostics List (EDL) in 2018, providing a global framework for cost-effective and accurate diagnostics for critical diseases, including neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Building on this, several countries are develo…

Development of accurate non-sputum-based diagnostic tests for tuberculosis: an ongoing challenge

Bianca Sossen, Graeme Meintjes

…OHigh-priority target product profiles for new tuberculosis diagnostics: report of a consensus meeting. World Health Organization, Geneva2014Google Scholar There is a clear need for tests that are non-sputum based (eg, urine or blood) in people with HIV, since risk of mortality i…

The Feasibility and Acceptability of a Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease Diagnostic Algorithm in Uganda.

Mbarara University of Science and Technology

… referred to Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital for further diagnostics and care. A one-page triplicate referral form will be used to track referrals and ensure successful referral completion. The study team will conduct zoom conferences every fortnight with each of the four HC3 …

A retrospective analysis of the diagnostic utility of endobronchial ultrasound guided–intranodal forceps biopsy (EBUS-IFB) in the evaluation of mediastinal adenopathy

Richu Bob Kurien, Priya Nadesan, Balamugesh Thangakunam, Barney Isaac, Thomas Alex Kodiatte, et al.

Abstract Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the preferred diagnostic modality for evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy. However, its diagnostic yield is significantly reduced in conditions such as sarcoidosis, tuberculosis…

The Utility of Intensified Case Finding Combined With a Package of Novel TB Diagnostics Using a Mobile Clinic in Africa

Keertan Dheda, MBChB, PhD

… are not able to readily access clinic services. A standard diagnostics package consisting of smear microscopy and culture (with smear result available the next day) will be compared with a novel diagnostics package involving point-of-care sputum GeneXpert MTB/RIF performed at a …