Showing 1–25 of 108 documents
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Yue Gao, Ling Hai, Yan Niu, Hong-Zhe Zhu, Rui Niu, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Interleukin-27 (IL-27) in the pleural fluid has gained significant attention as a diagnostic biomarker for tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE); however, considerable variability exists across available studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to dete…
Birendra Gupta, Natalia Blanco, Chandramani Wagle, Nikita Acharya, Jyoti Takanche, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pyrexia of Unknown Origin (PUO) represents a persistent diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. In South Asian regions, this challenge is compounded by a high burden of endemic infections, resource constraints, and varied clinical practices. This systematic rev…
Vijay Pratap, Astha Lalwani, Ankur Malhotra
…synechiae were seen in 46% and 18%, respectively. Molecular diagnostics GeneXpert and tuberculosis-polymerase chain reaction (TB-PCR) showed high sensitivity (up to 100%) and varied specificity (33% to 100%). The prevalence of FGTB ranged from 6.73% to 45%, with conception rates …
Hafsat U Ibrahim, Rayyan M Garba, Jameel I Ahmad, Kabiru Abdulsalam, Yasir N Jibril, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH), who face significantly higher risks of developing active TB. Conventional diagnostic methods such as sputum smear microscopy and ches…
Kindie Fentahun Muchie, Frank Tobian, Mary Gaeddert, Claudia Maria Denkinger, Johanna Kellett Wright, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, with an estimated 10.8 million new cases and 1.25 million deaths in 2023. Despite advances in molecular detection of Mycobacterium TB (MTB), significant diagnostic gaps remain: in 2023, onl…
Ruvandhi R Nathavitharana, Abarna Pearl, Matthew O'Bryan, Matthew Edwards, Helene-Mari van der Westhuizen, et al.
…informed the WHO standard: Universal Access to Tuberculosis Diagnostics. **METHODS:** We searched multiple databases without language restrictions until 29 July 2022. We included studies that used qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods study designs. Four reviewers independe…
Amir Hassankhani, Parya Valizadeh, Payam Jannatdoust, Melika Amoukhteh, Abbas Mohammadi, et al.
**PURPOSE:** To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Chest ultrasound (CUS) for pulmonary TB (PTB). **METHODS:** A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following established guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to July 1st, 2025. Studies reporting …
Radwan Darwish, Maya Tama, Sidra Sharief, Osama Zeidan, Sara Mohammed Ahmed Rady, et al.
…inence as potential screening tools or adjuncts to existing diagnostics. We searched online databases for studies that looked at salivary diagnostic techniques. Afterwards, duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and full-text studies were assessed for eligib…
Zahra Sheidae Mehne, Elham Honarjou, Mohsen Khamoushi Kahdouee
…marked microbiological heterogeneity. Integrating molecular diagnostics with tailored surgical and antimicrobial strategies may improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes.
Muhammad Abubaker Tobaiqi, Musleh Naser Alshamrani, Shyamkumar Sriram, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, et al.
: The world health goal of eliminating tuberculosis (TB) is heavily hinged on timely and efficient diagnosis and treatment. The interferon-γ release assays (I.G.R.A.s) can diagnoseinfection and offer an alternative to the centuries-old tuberculin skin test (T.S.T.). Yet the…
Bewket Mesganaw, Ketema Misganaw, Mekuriaw Belayneh
**BACKGROUND:** Reliable tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis is central to TB control programs, particularly in high-burden countries such as Ethiopia. External Quality Assessment (EQA) is a core component of laboratory quality assurance, encompassing blinded rechecking, panel testing, a…
Laura Olbrich, Leyla Larsson, Rory Dunbar, Peter J Dodd, Megan Palmer, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** In 2023, almost 200,000 children under 15 years died from tuberculosis, most without appropriate treatment. Treatment decision algorithms (TDAs), developed to facilitate rapid anti-tuberculosis treatment initiation in children, were recommended by the World Heal…
Poras Chaudhary, Rajeev Kumar, Milind Alokjee, Abhinav Bhalla, Sunny Thakur, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** The splenic tuberculous involvement is common than other intra-abdominal solid organs such as the liver, pancreas, and kidney. The aim of this article is to present and share a review of the English-language literature on splenic tuberculosis (TB) to gain a bett…
Peter Wadie, Bishoy Zakher, Khalid Elgazzar, Abdulhamid Alsbakhi, Abdul-Mohsen G Alhejaily
**BACKGROUND:** Artificial intelligence (AI) integrated with point-of-care imaging is a promising approach to expand access in settings with limited specialist availability. However, no systematic review has comprehensively evaluated AI-assisted clinical decision support across m…
Mohan Balakrishnan, R Varadharajan, G Gajendran
…ctive is to evaluate and identify the cost-effectiveness of diagnostics and treatments for tuberculosis practiced in India from costing studies. **METHODS:** Electronic databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and PlosOne are searched, from Jan …
Rechel Shrisunder, Manesh Muraleedharan, Sammita Jagdish Jadhav, Dwight Figueiredo
**BACKGROUND:** India aims to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) by 2025. Despite ongoing efforts to transform TB care, numerous factors contribute to the persistence of missing cases in India. To gain insight into this issue, we performed a comprehensive review to identify the factors …
Kevin Komakech, Derrick Semugenze, Moses Joloba, Frank Cobelens, Willy Ssengooba
…Limited access to accurate and accessible tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics remains a critical barrier to timely diagnosis and care in high burden low- and middle-income countries. Point-of-care (POC) TB Triage tests (POC-TTTs) defined as a test performed near to a patient or at the …
Ya-Li Chen, Yu He, Victor Naestholt Dahl, Kan Yu, Yan-An Zhang, et al.
To compare the diagnostic yield of various bioinformatics tools for predicting Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance. A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify studies reporting the effectiveness …
S Debulpaep, H Van Overschelde, L Pieters, A Soler-Garcia, A Noguera-Julian, et al.
<sec><title>BACKGROUND</title>Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) have largely replaced the tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosing TB infection (TBI) in low-TB-burden countries, except in young children. This review assesses the diagnostic accuracy of IGRAs in children und…
Ying Gao, Wenjuan Ji, Qiuyan Chen
BackgroundDrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have challenged efforts to combat tuberculosis (TB), a major global killer. C-reactive protein (CRP) shows promise as a biomarker for TB screening, particularly in HIV-positive cases, with demonstrated sensitivity and sp…
Lika Apriani, Harsimren Sidhu, Alexei Korobitsyn, Nazir Ismail, Dick Menzies
**BACKGROUND:** The WHO currently endorses several commercial Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs); policy updates are needed given the development of new tests. We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to compare sensitivity, specificity, and agreement of n…
Troy Kettle, Tricia M McKeever, Sherif Gonem, Grazziela Figueredo, Ilze Bogdanovica
**BACKGROUND:** There is increasing interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to assist with respiratory diagnosis and risk prediction. Fuzzy logic is a form of AI that has the advantage of being transparent and interpretable, compared to alternatives such as deep neura…
Hadi Sahrai, Jamal Behnood, Mansoureh Baradaran, Amirreza Khalaji, Ali Norouzi, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Distinguishing lung cancer (LC) from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) on CT is difficult. We synthesized evidence on radiomics, clinical, and combined models for LC–TB discrimination. **METHODS:** PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched to Augu…
Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Mukesh Kumar Sathya Narayanan, Jefferson Daniel, Vignes Anand Srinivasalu, Adhin Bhaskar, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Accurate and prompt diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is challenging due to non-specific clinical presentation and the low bacillary load of samples. Low-complexity manual nucleic acid amplification tests (LC-mNAATs) such as loop-mediated isothermal amplificat…
Malika Idayat, Elena von der Lippe, Nailya Kozhekenova, Oyunzul Amartsengel, Kamila Akhmetova, et al.
…h regard to drug-resistant strains. Point-of-care molecular diagnostics, improved algorithms, and expanded laboratory training show promise. Future research should focus on rapid biomarker-based diagnostics, field-deployable technologies for settings with limited resources, and A…